• Special Issue of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• 2015.09a
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• pp.79-84
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• 2015

A BC-B type bulk carrier is rarely built, so the structural characteristics is not reported and familiar so far. The biggest difference between BC-B and BC-A type vessel is applying alternate cargo loading, which density is over $1.0ton/m^3$. In this paper, 150K DWT class BC-B type bulk carrier is calculated and compared with BC-A type vessel, which has same condition such as main dimension and deadweight, about prescriptive rule and FEA based on CSR. And aspect ratio of target vessel is smaller than typical capsize bulk carrier, so 150K and 180K bulk carrier, which applied BC-A type, are also compared to find feature of wide beam vessel.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 2020

Background and Objectives: The present study aimed to compare thresholds of direct bone-conduction (BC direct) with those of behaviorally measured BC pure-tone audiometry (PTA) and objectively measured BC auditory brainstem response (ABR) to confirm the clinical feasibility of their relationships. Subjects and Methods: Young adults with normal hearing participated in the study to determine the thresholds from three measurements at four testing frequencies. In the BC direct, the vibrator of a bone-anchored hearing aid softband was placed on the right mastoid of each subject. In both PTA and ABR, a B71 bone oscillator was placed on the subject's right mastoid. While the subject's thresholds of BC direct and BC PTA were determined with a clinically routine 5-dB step procedure, BC ABR was conducted to determine the individual's hearing sensitivity by a peak V of the waveform using tone-burst and click stimuli. Results: The BC direct showed a different pattern between low and high frequencies. Precisely, its thresholds were 13.25 and 12.25 dB HL at 0.5 and 1 kHz, respectively, but 19 and 19.75 dB HL at 2 and 4 kHz, respectively. A significant positive correlation existed between BC direct and PTA at 1 kHz, which was also correlated with ABR. Conclusions: Based on the current data, the thresholds of BC direct were similar to BC PTA at low frequencies and BC ABR at high frequencies. The thresholds of BC direct might be predictable at approximately 5 dB higher (or lower) than that in PTA, although a large data set is required for standardization.

• Korean Journal of Audiology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 2020

Background and Objectives: The present study aimed to compare thresholds of direct bone-conduction (BC direct) with those of behaviorally measured BC pure-tone audiometry (PTA) and objectively measured BC auditory brainstem response (ABR) to confirm the clinical feasibility of their relationships. Subjects and Methods: Young adults with normal hearing participated in the study to determine the thresholds from three measurements at four testing frequencies. In the BC direct, the vibrator of a bone-anchored hearing aid softband was placed on the right mastoid of each subject. In both PTA and ABR, a B71 bone oscillator was placed on the subject's right mastoid. While the subject's thresholds of BC direct and BC PTA were determined with a clinically routine 5-dB step procedure, BC ABR was conducted to determine the individual's hearing sensitivity by a peak V of the waveform using tone-burst and click stimuli. Results: The BC direct showed a different pattern between low and high frequencies. Precisely, its thresholds were 13.25 and 12.25 dB HL at 0.5 and 1 kHz, respectively, but 19 and 19.75 dB HL at 2 and 4 kHz, respectively. A significant positive correlation existed between BC direct and PTA at 1 kHz, which was also correlated with ABR. Conclusions: Based on the current data, the thresholds of BC direct were similar to BC PTA at low frequencies and BC ABR at high frequencies. The thresholds of BC direct might be predictable at approximately 5 dB higher (or lower) than that in PTA, although a large data set is required for standardization.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of providing familiar tasks as a treatment option to decrease echolalia. Two comparisons were made：One was to compare ‘conversation condition’ and ‘task performance condition.’ and the other was to compare ‘task performance alone condition’ and ‘task performance along with contingency of reinforcement condition.’ Two echolalic children aged 12 and 13 years participated in the experiment and A-B-A-B-BC-B-BC design was used, in which A was conversation only, B was task performance, and C was task performance along with contingency of reinforcement. In the A condition, the therapist asked easy and short questions to the child；in the B condition the child was given familiar tasks with short instruction, and in BC condition, each child was reinforced for his performance on given tasks, in which immediate echolalia was controlled through his hands being held down for 5 seconds. Delayed echolalia was recorded without any intervention being given. Each child was put into each of the 7 treatment conditions. With a 15 minutes session, each child went through 5 to 6 sessions per day for 2 weeks. The mean echolalia(immediate) rates across the 7 treatment conditions were：For child 1, A(99%)-B(65%)-A(95%)-B(10%)-BC(7%)-B(6%)- BC(7%) and for child 2, A(67%)-B(62%)-A(63%)-B(35%)-BC(8%)-B(4%)-BC(0%). As to the generalization of the treatment effect of immediate echolalia to the untreated delayed echolalia, there was shown a drastic reduction of delayed echolalia in child 2：A(35%)-B(57%)-A(56%)-B(40%)-BC(8%)-B(5%)-BC(9%). Child l’s delayed echolalia was negligible(mean=3%) pre-and post treatments. In conclusion, the results of this study clearly show that providing a task performance setting with familiar tasks can certainly be helpful for minimizing echolalic response, and along with the use of the contingency of reinforcement technique it can further not only correct echolalic behavior to a negligible degree but also help the echolalic child generalize its treatment effect to the child’ overall language improvement.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.29 no.5_6
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• pp.1603-1608
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• 2011

Let R be a ring with identity. If a, b, $c{\in}R$ such that a+b+c = 1, then the distributive laws from addition over multiplication hold in R, that is a+(bc) = (a+b)(a+c) when ab = ba, and (ab)+c = (a+c)(b+c) when ac = ca. An application to obtains, if A,B are idempotent matrices and AB = BA = 0 then there exists an idempotent matrix C such that A + BC = (A + B)(A + C), and also A + BC = (I - C)(I - B). Some other cases and applications are also presented.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.5A
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• pp.490-496
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• 2007

This paper describes the design and implementation of an integrated LTCC front-end module for the IEEE802.11a WLAN applications by performing the behavioral-level simulation using measurement-based behavioral model. To meet the IEEE802.11a WLAN standard, a system transmitting 1024 symbols through 64-QAM process at the rate of 54Mbps should be implemented and nonlinear properties are confirmed by simulations of ACPR and EVM in this circumstance. The right offsets of ACPR which are 30MHz, 20MHz, and 11MHz distant from the center frequency of 5.8GHz are 49.36dBc, 36.90dBc, and 24.58dBc, respectively. The left offsets are 50.14dBc, 30.04dBc, and 28.85dBc, respectively and EVM is 2.94%. The size of the module implemented with LTCC five-layer substrates is $13.4mm{\times}14.2mm$. The measured characteristics of the transmitter show P1dB of 16.2dBm and power gain of 16.73dB. Those of the receiver exhibit the small signal gain of 16.24dB and noise figure of 7.83dB.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.7C
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• pp.946-953
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• 2004

Fast search and conventional boolean matching motion estimation algorithms reduce computational complexity and data processing time but this algorithms have disadvantages that is difficult of implementation of hardware because of high control overhead and that is less performance than Full search Algorithm(FA). This paper present new all binary block matching algorithm, called Bit Converted All Binary Block Matching(BC-ABBM). Proposed algorithm have performance closed to the FA by boolean only block matching that may be very efficiently implemented in hardware for low bit rate video communication. Simulation results show that the PSNR of the proposed algorithm is about 0.04dB loss than FA but is about 0.6 ∼ 1.4dB gain than fast search algorithm and conventional boolean matching algorithm.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.410-415
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous extract from Belamcanda chinensis (BC) on the RAW 264.7 cells. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of BC, we examined the cytokine productions including nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells and also inhibitory mechanisms such as mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) using Western blot. BC inhibited LPS-induced production of NO, IL-6 and TNF-a but not of IL-1b in RAW 264.7 cells. BC respectively inhibited the activation of MAPKs such as c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 but not of extracelluar signal-regulated kinase (ERK 1/2) and NF-kB in the LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Taken together, Our results showed that BC down-regulated LPS-induced NO, IL-6 and TNF-a productions mainly through JNK and p38 MAPK pathway.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.262-269
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• 2013

The object of this study was to improve the quality of Cheonggukjang with new starter, Bacillus subtilis BC-P1. Twenty strains were isolated from the commercial cheonggukjang and 1 Bacillus strain (BC-P1) with protease activity was selected. The 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the BC-P1 was closely related to B. subtilis with 99% homology. The quality characteristics of chunggukjang fermented with B. subtilis BC-P1, Bacillus nato (PC) and commercial chunggukjang (NC) were investigated. The characteristics of fermentation were determined by protease, lipase, xylanase, chitinase, and fibrinolytic activities, reducing sugar, nutrient composition and amino acid contents of cheonggukjang sample. Cheonggukjang fermented with B. subtilis BC-P1 showed the strongest fibrinolytic, xylanase, and chitinase activities. Reducung sugar contents of Cheonggukjang samples were $30.16{\pm}2.11$ mg/g (NC), $28.56{\pm}1.52$ mg/g (PC), $32.39{\pm}1.87$ mg/g (BC-P1). And their total amino acid contents were 338.99 mg% (NC), 445.19 mg% (PC), 741.35 mg% (BC-P1). These results suggested that B. subtilis BC-P1 was suitable to be used as a starter to enhance the quality and effects of cheonggukjang.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.67-72
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• 2006

The nucleotide sequence of the cloned cellulolytic xylanase gene (bglBC2) from B. circulans ATCC21367 was determined. bglBC2 consists of an 1,224 bp open reading frame (ORF) coding for a polypeptide of 407 amino acids with a deduced molecular weight of 45 kDa. The Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence (5'-AAAGGAG-3') was found 9 bp upstream of the initiation codon, ATG. A promoter region corresponding closely to the B. subtilis consensus sequence (-35: TTGACA,-10: TATAAT) was detected, the putative -35 and -10 sequences of which were TTTACA and TATACT, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequence of the cellulolytic xylanase showed 97% homology with that of the alkaline $endo-\beta-1,4-glucanase$ from B. circulans KSM-N257, 75% homology with that of the $endo-\beta-1,3-1,4-glucanase$ from B. circulans WL-12, and 45% homology with that of the $endo-\beta-1,4-glucanase$ (cellulase) from Bacillus sp. KSM-330. The bglBC2 sequence was deposited in Gen-Bank under the accession number AY269256.