• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.199-205
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes in gait according to four style of bag's carryied method and three different bag's weights. Twenty healthy adults participated in four conditions. The first condition, they wearing a bag on one side shoulder and walked. The second condition, they carried a bag sling across on shoulder and walked. The third condition, they carried a bag on a back using both shoulders and walked. The fourth condition, they hold a bag in their right hand and walked. During all four conditions participants wore a SmartStep insole in their right shoe and had a pressure control device strapped to their right ankle. Each participant walked 10 meters carrying a 2.5 kg, 5 kg and 7.5 kg bag under all four conditions. There were significantly differents in stance phase rate; swing phase rate and walking speed according to bag weight of 2.5 kg, 5 kg, 7.5 kg.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.37-49
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to measure the oral temperature, skin temperature, and subjective discomfort according to the application time of ice bag on thigh, head, and abdomen. This study was also intended to suggest nursing principles about ice bag application by exploring the recovery time of skin temperature after the removal of ice bag. The design of this study was $8{\times}3$ factorial design with one sample repeated measure. Here, the application time of ice bag(criteria, 5min, 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min, 50min, 60min) and the application site of ice bag(thigh, head, abdomen) were independent variables. The subjects were 10 university woman students, and data collection was made from July, 1 to August 30, 1992. Rubber ice bag halfly filled with ice was covered with towel and applied on thigh, head and abdomen in other three days. Before applying the ice bag, oral temperature and skin temperature were checked for criteria. After ice bag was applied, skin temperature, oral temperature and VAS score were checked at first 5 minutes elapsed, and every 10 minutes until 60 minutes. After that, ice bag was removed, and oral temperature and skin temperature were also measured every ten minutes until 60 minutes. In this study, skin temperature and core temperature were measured by thermistor probe, and subjective discomfort was measured by 200mm VAS (Visual Analogue Scale). Some of the findings were as follows : 1. There were significant differences in skin temperature among the three application sites of ice bag as time go by. It was most decreased to $15.87^{\circ}C$ in thigh, and $19.47^{\circ}C$ in abdomen at 50 minutes after the application of ice bag, whereas $26.1^{\circ}C$ at 40 minutes in head. Before the application of ice bag, skin temperature showed significant differences in three sites, so that they were compared after the criteria was covariated. In other words, there was significantly more decrease of skin temperature in thigh and abdomen than head, after ice bag was applied for 20 minutes and more. 2. There was no significant difference in core temperature among the three application sites of ice bag during the time of application 3. There was no significant difference in subjective discomfort (VAS) among the three application sites of ice bag. 4. After the removal of ice bag, the recovery of skin temperature was significantly different in three sites during first 30 minutes. In head, skin temperature came up to criteria at 30 minutes after the removal of ice bag, but it was not recovered In thigh and abdomen even 60 minutes elapsed. 5. After the removal of ice bag, there was no significant difference in oral temperature among the three application sites of ice bag. 6. There was significant correlation between the skin temperature and VAS score only in thigh. In conclusion, it is suggested that head in more suitable site for the application of ice bag if it is used for the relief of fever or pain. When we apply ice bag on thigh or abdomen for the relief of pain, careful attention is required.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.61-68
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes of the relative impulse of the foot when carrying 5 types of schoolbag during level walking. Methods: Forty-four normal subjects were divided into 5 groups according to the method of carrying a bag: carrying no bag (condition 1), a backpack (condition 2), a shoulder bag (condition 3), a cross bag (condition 4) and a one-hand bag (condition 5). To evaluate the partial relative impulse, 7 areas were measured on the sole of a foot: the hallux, toe, 1st metatarsal head (Met1) and the 2nd & 3rd metatarsal heads (Met2/3), the 4th & 5th metatarsal heads (Met4/5), mid foot and heel. Repeated one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent t-tests were used to analyze the statistical data. Results: In the right foot, the relative impulses in every areas revealed no significant difference (p>0.05), however, the relative impulses at Met1, Met2/3, Met4/5 and heel were significantly different between the different conditions (p<0.05). There were significant differences on comparing the relative impulse between left and right foot within one condition, the mid foot in condition 2, as well as the hallux and Met1 in condition 3 (p<0.05). In condition 4, the toe, Met1, Met4/5 and mid foot were significantly different (p<0.05). The values at the hallux, toe and Met1 in condition 5 also were significantly different (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings showed that the symmetrical relative impulse of the foot was present in the case of carrying a backpack, but there was an extra load on specific regions and asymmetrical relative impulses in the case of carrying a shoulder bag, a across bag and a one-hand bag. (ED note: this abstract is not clear. You need to work on it.)

• Resources Recycling
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.63-71
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• 2009

Recyclable wastes coming into material recovery facilities(MRFs) is mostly packed by plastic bag or sack bag. Bag rupturing device is essential to improve capacity and efficiency of MRFs. Bag opening works of MRFs is mostly done by numerous workers and shredder-type bag rupturing device. It often makes a problems; decreased capacity, shredded recyclables, worker safety by explosion and broken glasses, etc. In the present work, bag rupturing device with octagonal rotating blade drums has been developed to solve the existing problems and environment assessment is also performed during operation of the device. Capacity of the device was about 5.6 ton/hr at 8.2 rpm of drum revolution speed and 1.25 m/min of belt conveyor speed. It satisfied initial designed capacity(5.0 ton/hr) and max. capacity 8.8 ton/hr was achieved at 12.5 rpm of drum revolution speed and 1.50m/min of belt conveyor speed. Bag rupturing efficiencies on outer and inner bag were obtained at 100% and about 95.6% as average, respectively and original form of glass bottles in the bag was maintained without broken by about 96.5%. This result shows that the safety in hand sorting by the workers could be improved. As result of environmental assessment on the noise, vibration and particulates, the measured levels on noise, vibration and particulates show the below standard regulatory limits. It could be concluded that the problems of existing devices in MRFs could be solved by adopting the bag rupturing device with octagonal rotating blade drums in on-site operation.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.310-316
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the quality characteristics by packaging materials and storage temperature to predict safe storage period for milled rice. Mechanical taste value and whiteness of milled rices stored at room temperature were severely decreased than those of the stored at low temperature, but fat acidity and b value of those at room temperature was rapidly increased than those of stored at low temperature. Milled rice packed in LDPE film bag were smelled stale flavor after 4 months storage at room temperature, Hojinbyeo was not produced flour in the rice grain surface but Dongjinbyeo was showed production of flour. pH of milled rice of Dongjinbyeo and Hojinbyeo packed in LDPE film bag were the lowest showing 5.3 and 5.6, respectively after 6 months at mom temperature. Safe storage period of Dongjinbyeo and Hojinbyeo packed in craft paper bag were 1 month at room temperature, those of packed in LDPE film bag were 2 months. At low temperature safe storage period of Dongjinbyeo and Hojinbyeo packed in craft paper bag were 2 months, those of packed in LDPE film bag were 5 and 4 months, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.7-14
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze the effect of bag type on gait kinematic factors. The purpose of this study was to compare the Cobb's angle, leg angle and foot pressure difference according to bag type among 20 university students. Methods: The bag type was applied with two kinds of bags: not wearing a bag, backpack, and an eco bag. The bag weight was 10% of subjects weight in during experiment and only bag weight was 0.5kg. Results: Knee joint angle is increased when wearing backpack or an eco bag than not wearing bag. Cobb's angle increased when wearing backpack and wearing eco back. The difference in right and left foot pressure increased when wearing eco bag than not wearing bag and wearing backpack. Conclusion: Therefore, wearing a heavy backpack or an eco bag when walking for a long time may cause scoliosis and change the walking form.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.6
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• pp.31-33
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• 1966

This work has been carried out for many months to check whether polyethylene bag cocoon storging method bring better reeling result against the normal cotton bag storing method. The obtained results were as followings. 1. The pupa killed cocoons could be stored on the ground in case of packing in polyethylene-bag until the secondary dry process. 2. The raw silk percentage of cocoon stored in polyethylene bag, increased 0.5％ than the cotton bag storing method, not because of its reelability, but because of the better yield of cocoon bave. 3. Musty cocoon was not shown during the polyethylene hag storage, but the cocoons were attacked by rats as usually. 4. Polyethylene bag storing method invited more insects attack than the normal method, but the attack was able to cease by enclosing two naphthalene tablets in each bag.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.462-465
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• 2004

After 6 month of using, cracking of gas exhaustion bag cage of Type 304 stainless steel wire for Al melting reverberatory furnace was founded in welds. Analysis of crack causes in the wire were tested by electrochemical method, SEM images of structure and analysis of composition. Resulted from the test, it could be observed that cracks in the welds were a accelerated by formed polythionic acid on surface of bag cage in sensitized region of HAZ, tensile stress and using environment.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.111-117
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• 2000

In an attempt to select grape bag, which elevates grape quality and make easy maturation period determination, the following research was carried out at Chungbuk Institute of Agricultural Technology, Grape Experiment Station. Light transmittance rate of bag reached to 11-65% with non-woven fabric and non-dripped vinyl bags. Non-dripped vinyl perforation and white painting bag resulted in 50 and 75%, respectively. Berry weights in non-woven fabric and non-dripped vinyl bag were high than that in paper bag. Non-dripped vinyl perforation 50%, white painting bag brought into fruit cracking, shattering, and rotten fruit, making the investigation difficult. Maturation period preceded about 1-4 day with non-woven fabric and non-dripped vinyl compared with that in paper bag. Soluble solids content with non-woven fabric and non-dripped vinyl bags was high and acidity showed a reverse result. Coloring extent was developed rapidly with non-woven fabric and non-dripped vinyl than paper bag. During initial state of coloring, coloring was rapid with Maekban-Stone mixed non-woven fabric and non-dripped vinyl + non-woven fabric bag. This was rapid with non-woven fabric bag as long appropriate maturation period. Abnormal berry rate was 5.4-7.0% with paper and non-woven fabric bags but brought about as much as 16.6-100% with non-dripped vinyl and it's mixed bags. Appearance quality was the best with index 9.0 for non-woven fabric bag. Maekban-Stone mixed non-woven fabric but non-dripped vinyl performance 50% white painting bag was the least, showing index 1.0. The time consumed for maturation determination was reduced to 74-93% with non-woven fabric and non-dripped vinyl bag compared with 17.4h/10a with paper bag.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.733-739
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• 2004

Model for optimally dimensioned PE film bag was developed according to fruit size to maintain best quality of 'Fuyu' persimmon in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) storage based on relationship between quality and oxygen and carbon dioxide in PE film bag. Harvested persimmons were graded into five sizes, and average weights were LL:261, L:217, M:188, S:168, and SS:154 g. Five fruit units of each grade were optimized in five PE film bag sizes of $150{\times}376,\;140{\times}357,\;130{\times}344,\;130{\times}333,\;and\;120{\times}3l8\;mm$. To minimize quality deterioration such as softening and discoloration, optimal oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in PE film bag were 0.5-1.0 and 6.0-8.0%, respectively, and optimal thickness of PE film bag according to fruit size were LL:45, L:50, M:55, S:60, and $SS:65\;{\mu}m$. For all fruit sizes, model for PE film bag area $(mm^2)$ was good quadratic simple equation by fruit weight (g): $Y=-4055.707+627.993X_1-0.701{X_1}^2$. Model far optimal oxygen and carbon dioxide (Y) concentration in PE film bag was suited to linear multiple equation by fruit weight $(X_1,\;g)$ and PE film thickness $(X_2,\;{\mu}m)$. Equations for oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations (%) were $Y=5.798-0.0109X_l-0.0491X_2\;and\;Y=-2.427+0.01927X_l +0.09646X_2$, respectively.