• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.27-37
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• 2001

The design, fabrication, and an experimental implementation of the strip patch antenna coupled with a H-shaped aperture arc presented in this paper. The proposed antenna has the wide bandwidth, high gain, and low cross-polarization levels. We measured the VSWR, smith chart impedance characteristic, co/cross polarization pattern, gain, and so on. The measured bandwidth of this antenna is 47.1 %. To reduce the back lobe and increase the gain, when the reflector is used, cross polarization level is below -18.2dB at E-plane and below 25.7 dB at H -plane. The maximum gain at 2.05 GHz is also 10.4 dBi and the 3 dB gain bandwidth with center frequency at 2.17 GHz is 24 %, which is the wide bandwidth. This antenna can find applications in mobile communication, wireless LAN, RF communication system, and so on.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.671-674
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• 2001

Cyclodextrin glucanotransferase(CGTase) derived from recombinant Bacillus subtilis was partial purified and concentrated by ultrafiltration. The prepared CGTase were immobilized on various matrices by ionic interaction or covalent bond. CGTase covalently bound on CNBr-activated sepharose 4B were identified to be the highest immobilization activity among various immobilization methods. The optimum conditions for CGTase immobilization were determined; $30^{\circ}C$, 6Orpm, using O.2g CNBr-activated sepharose 4B in pH 6.0 phosphate buffer and 9hr immobilization.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.89-94
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• 1996

Three sesquiterpene ortho-naphthoquinones were isolated from the methanolic extract of root bark of Ulmus davidiana Planch whose stem and root bark have been used as an oriental medicine for the treatment of edema, mastitis, gastric cancer and inflammation. The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of spectral data obtained from UV-vis, IR, HR-EIMS and NMR spectrometry, including the pulse field gradient (PFG)-HMQC and HMBC techniques. Their structures were determined as 2,3-dihydro-3,6,9-trimethylnaphtho(1,8-b,c)pyran-7,8-dione, 3,6,9-trimethylnaphtho(1,8-b,c)pyran-7,8-dione and 2,3-dihydro-4-hedroxy-3,6, 9-trimethylnaphtho(1,8-b,c)pyran-7,8-dione, which were identified as mansonones E. F and H, respectively. These compounds have originally been isolated from Mansonia altissima Chev, but have never been isolated from Ulmus davidiana Planch. Especially, mansonone H was isolated for the first time from Ulmaceae. The mismatched carbon chemical shifts of mansonones E and F in the reported literature were corrected by the aid of the PFG-HMBC spectral data.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.809-814
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• 2021

This study was performed to evaluate the microbiological quality of fresh cut fruits in Korea. Forty freshly cut fruit samples were assessed for aerobic mesophilic count (AM), aerobic psychrophilic count (AP), total coliform, generic Escherichia coli, yeast and mold (YM), Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., and E. coli O157:H7. The average value for AM, AP, and YM was 4.51, 5.35, and 4.31 log CFU/g, respectively. The average of the total coliform was 2.42 log CFU/g, and E. coli was not detected in all samples. For foodborne pathogen bacteria, B. cereus and S. aureus were detected in 2.5 and 7.5% samples, respectively, and Salmonella spp. and E. coli O157:H7 were not detected in all samples. Among the samples, pear generally had the highest contamination level. Therefore, to assure the safety of fresh cut fruits, low temperature and thorough hygiene management should be implemented.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.241-246
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• 2016

Purpose: Aloe-emodin (AE), an ingredient of aloe, is known to exhibit anti-inflammatory activities. However, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms of its inflammatory modulatory activity in vitro. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory potential of AE using $Pam_3CSK_4$-stimulated macrophages. Methods: RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with AE (0~20 mM) for 1 h, followed by treatment with $Pam_3CSK_4$ for 1 h. After incubation, mRNA expression levels of cytokines were measured. The effect of AE on TLR2-related molecules was also investigated in $Pam_3CSK_4$-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Results: AE attenuated $Pam_3CSK_4$-stimulated expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-$1{\beta}$ ($IL-1{\beta}$) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Two concentrations of AE ($10{\mu}M$ and $20{\mu}M$) effectively reduced mRNA expression of TLR2 by 41.18% and 54.43%, respectively, compared to that in control cells (p < 0.05). AE also decreased nuclear factor-kappa B ($NF-{\kappa}B$) activation and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. Phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2, p38, and JNK were markedly reduced by $20{\mu}M$ AE. In particular, AE decreased phosphorylation of ERK in a dose-dependent manner in $Pam_3CSK_4$-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Conclusion: Our data indicate that AE exerts its anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing TLR2-mediated activation of $NF-{\kappa}B$ and MAPK signaling pathways in macrophages.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.237-244
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• 2018

Objective: Piglet pre-weaning mortality is an important variable indicating the efficacy of farrowing management and animal well-being during lactation. The present study determined the association of newborn traits measured soon after birth with piglet pre-weaning mortality and growth. Methods: In total, 805 piglets born from 57 multiparous sows were investigated. Their blood oxygen saturation, blood glucose and rectal temperature at 24 h after birth (RT24h) were monitored. Birth order, sex, skin color, integrity of the umbilical cord, attempts to stand and birth intervention were monitored. Piglets were weighed at day 0, 7, and 21 to evaluate average daily gain (ADG). Results: Piglet pre-weaning mortality for lactation period was 12.6% and cumulative mortality during the first 7 days of age was 8.6%. A higher proportion of piglets with pale skin color died compared to piglets with normal skin color (26.7% vs 7.7%, p<0.001). A higher (p<0.001) proportion of piglets that attempted to stand after 5 min (38.5%) died compared to piglets that attempted to stand within 1 min (6.3%) after birth. Piglet body weight at birth ($BW_B$), blood glucose and the number of piglets born alive (BA) were correlated with ADG (p<0.05). Piglets with $BW_B$ <1.30 kg had higher (p<0.001) mortality rate than piglets with $BW_B{\geq}1.80 kg$ (19.0% vs 3.3%) and piglets with $BW_B$ 1.30 to 1.79 kg (4.0%). Piglet with RT24h <$37.0^{\circ}C$ had higher (p<0.001) mortality rate (86.2%) than piglets with RT24h >$38.5^{\circ}C$ (3.9%). Conclusion: Low $BW_B$ and low RT24h compromise piglet survival during the lactation period in the tropical conditions. Piglets in the litters with a high BA, low $BW_B$ and low blood glucose have reduced ADG.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.5001-5007
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• 2014

The acetyltransferase inhibitor garcinol, a polyisoprenylated benzophenone, is extracted from the rind of the fruit of Garcinia indica, a plant found extensively in tropical regions. Anti-cancer activity has been suggested but there is no report on its action via inhibiting acetylation against cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis-inhibtion induced by estradiol ($E_2$) in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. The main purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of the acetyltransferase inhibitor garcinol on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis inhibition in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells treated with estrogen, and to explore the significance of changes in acetylation levels in this process. We used a variety of techniques such as CCK-8 analysis of cell proliferation, FCM analysis of cell cycling and apoptosis, immunofluorescence analysis of NF-${\kappa}B$/p65 localization, and RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis of ac-H3, ac-H4, ac-p65, cyclin D1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl. We found that on treatment with garcinol in MCF-7 cells, $E_2$-induced proliferation was inhibited, cell cycle progression was arrested at G0/G1 phase, and the cell apoptosis rate was increased. Expression of ac-H3, ac-H4 and NF-${\kappa}B$/ac-p65 proteins in $E_2$-treated MCF-7 cells was increased, this being inhibited by garcinol but not ac-H4.The nuclear translocation of NF-${\kappa}B$/p65 in $E_2$-treated MCF-7 cells was also inhibited, along with cyclin D1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl in mRNA and protein expression levels. These results suggest that the effect of $E_2$ on promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis is linked to hyperacetylation levels of histones and nonhistone NF-${\kappa}B$/p65 in MCF-7 cells. The acetyltransferase inhibitor garcinol plays an inhibitive role in MCF-7 cell proliferation promoted by $E_2$. Mechanisms are probably associated with decreasing ac-p65 protein expression level in the NF-${\kappa}B$ pathway, thus down-regulating the expression of cyclin D1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.415-421
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• 1989

Ten strains out of about 1,000 yeast strains isolated from byproducts of alcoholic industries, milk products, fruits, greens, food-related industries and soils of nature, revealed the killer activities. Two strains which have excellent killer activities among them were isolated and identified with Saccharomyces cerevisiae B 15-1 and Hansenula anomala Y 33 by investigation of the morphological, cultural and physiological properties. The optimal conditions on these strains for the production of killer toxin were investigated. The strain B 15-1 showed the highest killer toxin activities when it was cultured up to the log phase of 48 hr in YPD medium (pH 4.7) at $25^{\circ}C$. On the other hand, the strain Y33 revealed the highest activities when it was cultured up to the stationary phase of 60 hr in YPD medium (pH 4.0) at $20^{\circ}C$. The sensitive strain Kyokai 7 was found to be killed entirely by the killer toxin produced from the wild killer yeast B 15-1 when B 15-1 was cocultured with the same cell concentration ($10^{6}$ cells/ml) of Kyokai 7 after cultivation of 36 hr, and with large concentration ($9\times 10^{7}$ cells/ml) after 48 hr.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.7
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• pp.4.3-5
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• 1982

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.117.2-117.2
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• 2003

The mechanism by which lead enters glial cells was examined. The uptake of lead reached saturation when assays were performed in buffers at pH 5.5 and 7.4. The Vmax and Km was 2.7 pmoles/mg protein/min and 13.4 M in the buffer at pH 7.4, respectively, whereas the Vmax and Km was 329 fmoles/mg and 8.2 M in the buffer at pH 5.5, respectively. Uptake in a buffer at pH 5.5 but not at pH 7.4 was inhibited by iron. Cells treated with the iron chelator desferoxamine displayed higher levels of the divalent metal transporter mRNA and protein. (omitted)