• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.1385-1422
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• 2019

Let p be an odd prime. The algebraic structure of all negacyclic codes of length $8_{p^s}$ over the finite commutative chain ring ${\mathbb{F}}_{p^m}+u{\mathbb{F}}_{p^m}$ where $u^2=0$ is studied in this paper. Moreover, we classify all negacyclic codes of length $8_{p^s}$ over ${\mathbb{F}}_{p^m}+u{\mathbb{F}}_{p^m}$ into 5 cases, i.e., $p^m{\equiv}1$ (mod 16), $p^m{\equiv}3$, 11 (mod 16), $p^m{\equiv}5$, 13 (mod 16), $p^m{\equiv}7$, 15 (mod 16) and $p^m{\equiv}9$ (mod 16). From that, the structures of dual and some self-dual negacyclic codes and number of codewords of negacyclic codes are obtained.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.138-143
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• 1997

The crystal structure of isoimperatorin, f-[(3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxy]-7H-furo[3,2-g][1] benzopyran-7-one, has been determined from single crystal x-ray diffraction study; C16H14O4, Monoclinic, P21/c, a=8.865(1) Å, b=9.331(1) Å, c=16.156(1) Å, β=98.12(1)', V=1322.9(2) Å3, T=293(2)K, z=4, Cu Kα(λ=1.5418 Å). The structure was solved by direct method and refined by full-matrix least squares to a final R=5.72% for 1922 unique observed Fo>4o(F0) reflections and 182 parameters.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.57-64
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• 2017

Objectives : Yam bean (Pachyrhizus erosus) possess various nutrients, it has been widely used as traditional cosmetic material in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-oxidant activity and the anti-melanogenic effect of Yambean (Pachyrhizus erosus) extract and its fractions. Methods : The anti-oxidant activity of yam bean extract assessed based on total polyphenol, flavonoid contents, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assay. To evaluate anti-melanogenic effects and cytotoxicity of Yambean extract and its fractions, B16F10 melanoma cell was used. Results : In results, total polyphenol content of yam bean water extract (YW) and Yambean 70% ethanol extract (YE) were $1.18{\pm}0.03mg/g$ (mg of gallic acid/g of sample), $1.16{\pm}0.01mg/g$. Total flavonoid contents of YW, YE were $3.55{\pm}0.06mg/g$ (mg of naringin/g of sample), $1.78{\pm}0.03mg/g$. Moreover, YE scavenged DPPH and ABTS effectively in $4mg/m{\ell}$ compared to YW. Cytotoxicity of YE and its fractions in B16F10 melanoma cell was measured using MTT assays. It had no cytotoxicity up to $500{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. Melanin accumulation in B16F10 melanoma cell was induced using alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (${\alpha}-MSH$) and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX). B16F10 melanoma cell treated with $10-500{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ YE and hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, $H_2O$ fractions for 24h. Non treated B16F10 melanoma cell (Control) markedly increased melanin contents. In contrast, YE ethylacetate fraction effectively suppressed melanin accumulation in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion : In conclusion, these results suggest that Yambean extract has the potential as a cosmetic material which possess anti-oxidant and anti-melanogenic activities.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2014

Objective: Few studies have evaluated the personality characteristics of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and simple snoring. We investigated the personality characteristics of OSA and simple snoring patients and compared differences in personality between the two groups using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). Materials and Methods: Two hundred and thirty-seven patients who were suspected to have OSA or simple snoring participated in this study. A self-questionnaire which included the EPQ was administered to all participants. All subjects underwent polysomnography in a sleep laboratory and those with an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ${\geq}5$ were included in the OSA group, while those with an AHI <5 were included in the simple snoring group. Results: OSA patients had significantly lower scores for Psychoticism (F=4.563, p=0.034) than simple snorers. There were no significant differences in Extraversion (F=3.029, p=0.083), Lie (F=0.398, p=0.529), or Neuroticism (F=3.367, p=0.068) scores between the two groups. In the correlation analysis of the OSA group, AHI was positively correlated with Extraversion score (r= 0.16, p=0.029) and negatively correlated with Lie score (B=-0.31, p<0.001). Using multiple stepwise linear regression analysis with the four EPQ parameter scores as dependent variables, Lie score was associated with older age (B=0.14, p<0.001) and lower AHI (B=-0.05, p<0.001), Psychoticism score was associated with higher Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI ; B=0.14, p<0.001), Neuroticism score was associated with higher PSQI (B=0.34, p=0.001) and female sex (B=3.15, p=0.003), and Extraversion score was associated with younger age (B=-0.08, p=0.020) and higher body mass index (B=0.26, p=0.023). Conclusion: This study suggests that patients with OSA are significantly less prone to psychotic personality characteristics than those with simple snoring. Among OSA patients, higher AHI was correlated with low falsehood and high extraversion tendencies.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.213-220
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• 2010

To examine the potential of Terminalia chebula as a whitening agent, we measured antioxidant activity using DPPH$\cdot$, ABTS${\cdot}^+$ assays and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, and depigmenting activity using B16F10 melanoma cells. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was monitored by $H_2DCFDA$ fluorescence labeling, and melanin contents in B16F10 melanoma cells by 960 $J/m^2$ dose of UVA-induced oxidative stress. The radical-scavenging activities of T. chebula extract (TCE) were measured in terms of $EC_{50}$ values using DPPH$\cdot$, ABTS${\cdot}^+$ assays and FRAP value were 280.0 ${\mu}g/mL$, 42.2 ${\mu}g/mL$ and 113.1 ${\mu}mol$ $FeSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O/g$, respectively. We found that ROS and melanin concentrations were reduced by TCE treatments of 25 ${\mu}g/mL$ under UVA-induced oxidative stress. Tyrosinase activity and melanin contents in $\alpha$-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)-induced melanoma cells both decreased dose-dependently in the treatment groups. TCE similarly reduced melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells stimulated by $\alpha$-MSH as compared to arbutin as a positive control. T. chebula may prove to be a useful therapeutic agent for hyperpigmentation and an effective component in skin whitening and.or lightening cosmetics.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.233-236
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• 2006

For the purpose of the development of skin-whitening or therapeutic agents against hyperpigmentation, aqueous extract from Nardostachys chinensis (AENC) was evaluated for melanogenesis inhibitory activity in B16F10 melanoma cell. The treatment with AENC at the 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/ml level significantly inhibits the biosynthesis of melanin compared with untreated control. The tyrosinase activity also significantly decreased in AENC-treated cells at the 0.2 and 0.5 mg/ml level and inhibitory effects were more efficient than commercial arbutin at 0.1 mg/ml. The Western analyses confirmed the significantly decreased expression of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-2 by AENC treatment. These results indicate that AENC may contribute to the inhibition of melanin biosynthesis through regulating the expression as well as activity of tyrosinase and AENC may be useful as a new candidate in the design of new skinwhitening or therapeutic agents.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.606-613
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the possibility of a residual product of coffee (RC). RC oil extracted with n-hexane at $60({\pm}10)^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours. In this study, the cytotoxicity of RC oil was observed against B16F10 melanoma cells and RAW 264.7 macrophage cells by water solubletetrazolium salt-1 assay, and The RC oil measured by methods of DPPH radical scavenging and antimicrobial activities in Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans. As a result, the RC oil treatment-related cytotoxic effects appeared on B16F10 melanoma cells from 0.125 to $2{\mu}{\ell}/m{\ell}$ and RAW 264.7 macrophage cells from 0.125 to $0.5{\mu}{\ell}/m{\ell}$ concentrations in this study. RC oil is radical scavenging activity concentrations on dependent. The antimicrobial activity of RC oil ($150{\mu}l/{\ell}$) was determined by clear zone method. Straphylococcus epidermidis, Straphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans showed clear zone by each $11.3{\pm}0.4$, $12.{\pm}0.7$, $12.0{\pm}0.0$, $0.0{\pm}0.0mm$. It is suggested that RC oil have effects on the cytotoxicity, antioxidant and antimicrobial that could be applicable to cosmetics as a new material.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.604-610
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• 2003

The effects of sintering additives such as B $i_2$ $O_3$ and $V_2$ $O_{5}$ on the microwave dielectric and sintering properties of (Z $n_1$$_{-xM}$ $g_{x}$)Ti $O_3$ system were investigated. Highly dense samples were obtained for (Z $n_{0.8}$M $g_{0.2}$)Ti $O_3$ at the sintering temperature range of 870~90$0^{\circ}C$ with B $i_2$ $O_3$ and $V_2$ $O_{5}$ additions of 〈1 wt.%, respectively. The microwave dielectric properties of (Z $n_{0.8}$M $g_{0.2}$)Ti $O_3$ with 0.45 wt.%B $i_2$ $O_3$ and 0.55 wt.% $V_2$ $O_{5}$ sintered at 90$0^{\circ}C$ were as follows : Q$\times$ $f_{o}$ = 50,800 GHz, $\varepsilon$$_{r}$ = 22, and $\tau$$_{f}$ = -53 ppm/$^{\circ}C$. In order to improve temperature coefficient of resonant frequency, Ti $O_2$ was added to the above system. The optimum amount of Ti $O_2$ was 15 moi.% when sintered at 87$0^{\circ}C$, at which we could obtain following results: Q$\times$ $f_{o}$ = 32,800 GHz, $\varepsilon$$_{r}$ = 26, and$\tau$$_{f}$ = 0 ppm/$^{\circ}C$.EX>.EX>.EX>.EX>.EX>.EX>.EX>.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2022.09a
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• pp.118-118
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• 2022

Carex pumila Thunb. is a plant native to East Asia, Australia, and New Zealand. However, its effect on skin melanogenesis has not been investigated. In the present study, we evaluated its anti-melanogenic properties using B16F10 melanoma cells and zebrafish larvae in the presence or absence of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH). In this study we revealed that concentrations below 50 µg/mL did not induce any cytotoxicity in B16F10 melanoma cells and cardiotoxicity in zebrafish larvae. However, 50 µg/mL treatment significantly inhibited α-MSH-induced extracellular (from 181.24% α 0.62% to 105.15% α 0.31%) and intracellular melanin contents (from 119.8% α 1.2% to 53.4% α 1.7%) as well as intracellular tyrosinase activity (from 143.9% α 4.2% to 103.7% α 1.4%) in B16F10 melanoma cells. At 25 µg/mL and 50 µg/mL concentrations, it could significantly inhibit α-MSH induced hyperpigmentation in zebrafish larvae (from 100% α 2.3% to 60.7% α 1.3% and 47.5% α 1.9% respectively). Additionally, the extract suppressed α-MSH-induced cAMP-CREB-MITF signaling pathway and consequently inhibited tyrosinase expression in B16F10 melanoma cells. In conclusion, our results indicate that this plant extract could suppress the cAMP-CREB-MITF axis which consequently inhibits tyrosinase mediated melanogenesis.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.99-103
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• 2004

The structure of $C_{16}H_{19}O_2N_3CuCl_2\;{\cdot}\;H_2O$ has been determined by X-ray diffraction methods. The crystal system is triclinic, space group Pl, unit cell constants. $a=7.6202(9)\; \AA,\; b=8.5943(7) \AA,\; c= 8.6272(6) \AA,\; \alpha= 67.518(6)^{\circ}.\; \beta= 68.043(8)^{\circ},\; \gamma=74.370(8)^{\circ},\; V=478.89(8)\; \AA^3,\; T=295K,\; Z=1,\; D_c=1.504Mgm^{-3}$The intensity data were collected on an Enraf-Nonius CAD-4 Diffractometer with graphite monochromated $MoK\alpha$ radiation $(\alpha=0.7107\;\AA)$. The molecular structure was solved by direct method.』 and refined by full-matrix least squares to a final $R=2.47\%$ for 1659 unique observed $F_0>4\sigma(F_0)$ reflections and 234 parameters.