• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.179-188
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• 1997

This study was intended to compare the diagnostic ability between Waters' radiograph and CT in the diagnosis of midfacial fracture. The study group included 44 patients(male:32, female :12, age range :16-74 years old) with facial injury who underwent surgery. Waters' radiograph and both axial and coronal scanning were performed before surgery. Three oral radiologists and three non-oral radiologist interpreted 44 Waters' radiographs and 88 CT in three ways; 1) interpretation using Waters' radiograph only, 2) interpretation using CT only, 3) interpretation using Waters' radiograph and CT. The interpretation sites were confined to the walls of maxillary sinus; anterior, posterior, medial, lateral and superior wall. ROC curves were made with the findings during surgery as a gold standard except the posterior wall, where the joint evaluation of Waters' radiograph and CT by other three oral radiologists was used. ROC areas were compared according to the interpreting methods, the interpretation sites, and groups (R group ; oral radiologist group, N group ; non-oral radiologist group). The obtained results were as followed : 1. The diagnostic ability of CT only and Waters' radiograph and CT was higher than Waters' radiograph only in both groups(P<0.05). But there was no difference between CT only and Waters' radiograph and CT. 2. Generally, the diagnostic ability for the lateral antral wall was the highest and that for the posterior antral wall was the lowest in both groups(P<0.05). 3. In R group, for the anterior antral wall the diagnostic ability using CT only was increased but for the medial, lateral and superior antral walls the diagnostic ability was increased in only using Waters' radiograph and CT. 4. In N group, for the anterior and medial walls the diagnostic ability using CT only was increased. But for the posterior, lateral and superior antral walls there were no difference among three interpreting methods. 5. The diagnostic ability of R group was higher than N group in all interpreting methods.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.16 no.2 s.80
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• pp.155-162
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• 2004

An analytical method to predict the time dependent flexural behavior of composite girder is presented based on sectional analysis. The time dependent constitutive relation accounting for the early-age concrete properties including maturing of elastic modulus, creep and shrinkage is derived in an incremental format by the first order Taylor series expansion. The sectional analysis calculates the axial and curvature strains based on the force and moment equilibriums. The deflection curve of the girder approximated by the quadratic polynomial function is calculated by applying to the proper boundary conditions in the consecutive segments. Numerical applications are made for the 3-span double composite steel box girder which is a composite bridge girder filled with concrete at the bottom of the steel box in the negative moment region. The calculated results are compared with those by finite element analysis results. Close agreement is observed between the two approaches.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.564-569
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• 2013

Background Scalp defects may be caused by various etiological factors, and they represent a significant surgical and aesthetic concern. Various surgical techniques can be applied for reconstructive work such as primary closure, skin grafting, pedicled or free flaps. In this article, the authors share their clinical experience with scalp operations using the technique of local flaps and discuss the application of this method from the perspective of not only the size of the defect, but also in relation to the anatomical area, quality of surrounding tissue, and patient's condition. Methods During the period from December 2007 to December 2012, 13 patients with various scalp defects, aged 11 to 86 years, underwent reconstruction with local pedicle flaps. The indications were based on the patients' condition (age, sex, quality of surrounding tissue, and comorbidities) and wound parameters. Depending on the size of the defects, they were classified into three groups as follows: large, 20 to 50 $cm^2$; very large, 50 to 100 $cm^2$; extremely large, 100 $cm^2$. The location was defined as peripheral (frontal, temporal, occipital), central, or combined (more than one area). We performed reconstruction with 11 single transposition flaps and 1 bipedicle with a skin graft on the donor area, and 2 advancement flaps in 1 patient. Results In all of the patients, complete tissue coverage was achieved. The recovery was relatively quick, without hematoma, seroma, or infections. The flaps survived entirely. Conclusions Local flaps are widely used in scalp reconstruction since they provide healthy, stable, hair-bearing tissue and require a short healing time for the patients.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1673-1675
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• 2005

The pulse diagnosis is an important and universal method in Oriental medicine. Nevertheless, because of characteristic that depends on subjective sense of Oriental medicine doctor (OMD), it is not recognized by objective basis. The Korean Institute of Oriental Medicine(KIOM) and Daeyo Medi. Co. Ltd. developed the 3-D Mac using arrey piezoresistive sensors and multi-axial robot. 133 healthy subjects participated in this study, 75 males and 58 females, between 20 and 70 years of age. All subjects were relaxed in a supine position on a comfortable chair for twenty minutes before the measurement was taken. The measured position is the radial artery of subject's left wrist and the position is called Chon, Kwan and Chuck in Oriental medicine. To detect floating and sinking pulse, we established coefficient of floating and sinking(CFS). CFS means relative position of maximum pulse pressure in PH curve. The lower CFS value means that the pulse has floating tendency. There was significant diffence between CFS and diagnosis of floating-sinking pulse by OMD(p=0.020). CFS value of over 40's group was significantly larger than those of 20's and 30's(p=0.000). There was no significant difference between male and female(p=0.061).

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.77-83
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• 2008

Radial and axial variations of microfibril angle (MFA) within stems of three commercial softwoods (Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis and Pinus rigida) grown in Korea were examined by iodine crystal deposition method. The average MFA were $16.4^{\circ}$ in Pinus densiflora, 14.4, in Pinus koraiensis, and $26.2^{\circ}$ in Pinus rigida, respectively. The MFA in earlywood and latewood decreased with age to about 15~20 years, and then remained almost constant. The MFA of latewood was slightly smaller than that of earlywood. The MFA in the three species was a little smaller at the base of stem and decreased slightly with increasing tree height, but no significant difference by height was identified only in earlywood of Pinus rigida. Consequently, it was considered that the MFA could be an useful index for identifying juvenile wood and adult wood of Pinus densiflora, Pinus. koraiensis and Pinus rigida.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.201-212
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and digital panoramic radiography (DPR) for the detection of pulp stones. Materials and Methods: DPR and CBCT images of 202 patients were randomly selected from the database of our department. All teeth were evaluated in sagittal, axial, and coronal sections in CBCT images. The systemic condition of patients, the presence of pulp stones, the location of the tooth, the group of teeth, and the presence and depth of caries and restorations were recorded. The presence of pulp stones in molar teeth was compared between DPR and CBCT images. Results: Pulp stones were identified in 105 (52.0%) of the 202 subjects and in 434 (7.7%) of the 5,656 teeth examined. The prevalence of pulp stones was similar between the sexes and across various tooth locations and groups of teeth (P>.05). A positive correlation was observed between age and the number of pulp stones(${\rho}=0.277$, P<.01). Pulp stones were found significantly more often in restored or carious teeth (P<.001). CBCT and DPR showed a significant difference in the detection of pulp stones(P<.001), which were seen more often on DPR than on CBCT. Conclusion: DPR, as a 2D imaging system, has inherent limitations leading to the misinterpretation of pulp stones. Restored and carious teeth should be carefully examined for the presence of pulp stones. CBCT imaging is recommended for a definitive assessment in cases where there is a suspicion of a pulp stone on DPR.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.191-204
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• 1999

Background: Nasal polyps are benign mass of nasal mucose, chronic sinusitis are swelling of nasal mucose, so nasal polyps and chronic sinusitis take a place at the same time. Nasal polyps are located lateral wall of nose, middle meatus, between middle nasal concha and inferior nasal concha. Objective: To demonstrate the effect of herbal medicine therapy in the chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps before and after treatment using computed tomography (CT). To compared before and after treatment of otitis media using earscope. Materials and methods: Five patients (4 mail and 1 femail) treated in our hospital between August 1998 and July 1999 were studied. Ages ranged from 9 to 23 years (mean age:13 years). All patients had a underlying family history, and past history(allergy or sinusitis of parents or brothers). Illness period was from 1 to 36 months (mean period:10.5 month). To ascertain the efficacy of treatment, CT were checked out. In the CT, three images were obtained 2cm interval on the coronal and axial plan. We classified treatment period into the type of allergic disease. Gamihyunggyeyungyo-tang was administered mainly. Gamigwaghyangjeungki-san, Gamizwakwi-eum and Gamihyangso-san were administered for through oral route additional symptoms. Results: Treatment period was from 126 to 157 days (mean period:140.7 days). To 3 patients with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyp, treatment period was 140.7 days, to 2 patients with otitis media and chronic sinusitis and nasal polyp, treatment period was 141.5 days. So they had no significance. Not nasal polyp from middle meatus, but also polypoid mucosal change of maxillary sinus is polyps Conclusion: We know that herbal medicine therapy is the effective treatment of pediatric chronic sinusitis and otitis media using earscope and CT. Herbal medicine therapy was effective in increasing immunity, inhibiting allergic reaction and inflammation of respiratory system. we practice ECP(eosinophil cataionic protein) and MAST examination, objectify herbal medicine therapy.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.205-226
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• 1999

Background: Pediatric chronic sinusitis and otitis media were often recurred, so patients are increased. But there are a few reports on the herbal medicine therapy treating pediatric chronic sinusitis and otitis media, this report was studied. Objective: To demonstrate the effect of herbal medicine therapy in the chronic sinusitis before and after treatment using computed tomograpy(CT). To compared before and after treatment of otitis media using earscope. Materials and methods: Eighteen patients (10 mail and 8 femail) treated in our hospital between April 1998 and June 1999 were studied. Ages ranged from 4 to 11 years (mean age :6.6 years). All patients had a underlying family history (allergy or sinusitis of parents or brothers). In the past history, 56% patients atopic dermatitis. Illness period was from 2 to 48 months (mean period: 13.9 month). Mean duration of treatment were 95.6 days. To ascertain the efficacy of treatment, CT were checked out. In the CT, three images were obtained 2cm interval on the coronal and axial plan. Gamihyunggyeyungyo-tang was administered mainly. Gamigwaghyangjeungki-san, Gamizwakwi-eum and Gamihyangso-san were administered for through oral route additional symptoms. Results: The symptoms of otitis media were hearing loss and edemation. The symptoms of chronic sinusitis were nasal obstruction(78%), purulunt or mucosal discharge(67%), cough(61%), postnasal dripping (44%) and nose bleeding(28%). Before the oriental treatment in the our hospital, all patients have been antibiotic therapy at the pediatrics or during the three months and recurrent otitis media from twice to tenth Correlation illness period and. treatment period were not significant statistically. Conclusion: The treatment period of the otitis media was more short than chronic sinusitis because the otitis media had been not recurrent on the 30 percent improvement of the chronic sinusitis. We know that herbal medicine therapy is the effective treatment of pediatric chronic sinusitis and otitis media using earscope and CT.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.673-683
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• 1991

This research was performed to find out the adaptation patterns of maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth to the changes in relationships of vertical skeletal components, which constitute the skeletofacial complex. For this research, 61 adult malocclusion patients were chosen as subjects according to the Hellman's dental age with normally ranged FMN-A-B angle. These subjects were divided into 4 groups in maxilla and 3 groups in mandible according to mesiodistal inclinations of teeth. Following results were obtained after studying the relationships of the vertical skeletal components between each group. 1. Inspire of the fact that the FMN-A-B angle was within a normal range, the degree of mesiodistal inclinations of maxillary and mandibular posterior teeth showed differences in relation to the anteroposterior relationships of maxilla and mandible. In case where the FMN-A-B angle was large, the mesial inclinations of maxillary posterior teeth showed more increase from the posterior to the anterior, whereas in mandible it showed overall decrease. 2. The degrees of mesial inclinations of mandibular posterior teeth were increased when the angulations of lower facial height, occlusal plane angle and mandibular plane angle were greater. 3. The patterns of mesial inclinations of maxillary posterior teeth were varied according to the angulation of lower facial height. If relatively large, it showed more increase from the posterior to the anterior and it was decreased nearly consistent when the angulation was small. 4. The degrees of mesial inclinations of maxillary posterior teeth were decreased as the lower facial height, palatal plane angle, occlusal plane angle and the mandibular plane angle became greater.

• Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2016

Anterior knee pain is a major problem among adolescents and young adults especially those who participates in sports. The most common pathogenesis of anterior knee pain can arise from compression and shear forces in the patellofemoral joint. It is also caused by impingement of infrapatellar fat pad. Fat pad impingement can occur when the fat pad becomes swollen and inflamed due to a direct blow or chronic irritation. As a result, the bottom tip (or inferior pole) of the patella can pinch the fat pad. One of the many causes of swollen fat pad can be secondary to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. The aim of this study was to compare the infrapatellar fat pad volume in patients with acute ACL injury and a group of age-, gender-, and activity- matched controls with intact ligament. Axial magnetic resonance (MR) images have been performed on 32 patients with torn ACL and 40 control patients. The volume of the fat pad was measured digitally from MR image by using a 3d Reconstruction software, ellipsoidal approximation, and a MATLAB code. The results were compared between patients with torn ACL and control group. Patients with a torn ACL had a significantly larger fat pad than the controls (P=0.01). There was no significant difference between the methods used to measure the infrapatellar fat pad volume (P=0.83-0.87). Thus, lesions of the infrapatellar fat pad is often associated with ACL injury.