• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.77-85
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• 2020

Purpose: This study examined marketing value as online word-of-mouth media in the foodservice industry, and it did research on online word-of-mouth (e-WOM) communication marketing schemes using mass communication in the industry. The study is also intended to investigate the impact of electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) information and communication on product awareness risks, benefits, and word-of-mouth (WOM) impacts on restaurant consumers. Research design, data, and methodology: The analysis was conducted on a valid questionnaire of 425 menu product consumers. The survey was conducted for two months in March 2019. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS and hierarchical regression analysis was applied. Results: It did empirical research on the reciprocal casual relations to online and the existing word-of-mouth communication that have to be preceded to understand characteristics of online word-of-mouth communication for the purpose of this study. The result is summarized as follows. First, the online word-of-mouth (e-WOM) effect on product recognition risk shows the statistically significant effect of information sender characteristics, information recipient characteristics, and online word-of-mouth (e-WOM) communication on product recognition risk. Second, the influence of online word-of-mouth (e-WOM) on product risk benefits shows that the information sender characteristics, the information receiver characteristics, and online communications have a statistically significant effect on product risk benefits. Third, online word of mouth risk recognition had a statistically significant effect on word of mouth acceptance. Fourth, online risk benefit had a statistically significant positive effect on word of mouth (WOM) effect. Conclusions: The communication between online word of mouth (e-WOM) sender and recipient had a positive influence on the product evaluation and attitude change in the foodservice industry, and the word-of-mouth (WOM) effect affected financial and non-financial performance. The results mentioned above indicated that the communication between the sender of the information and the receiver of the information had a positive effect on the product evaluation and attitude change of the menu consumer, and the word-of-mouth (WOM) result affected the financial. Therefore, the online word-of-mouth (e-WOM) effect has a positive effect on the word-of-mouth (WOM) effect of menu products when performed simultaneously and positively between the information sender and the information receiver.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.73-84
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• 2020

Recently, there has been a change in consumer culture. The paradigm is changing from a consumption model that used to emphasize rationality to an ethical consumption model that focuses on sustainability. Such a change in consumption patterns has also been seen in the cosmetics industry, but studies to empirically assess this trend are incomplete. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to empirically identify the impact of ethical consumption proprieties on attitudes and purchasing intentions for ethical cosmetics. To achieve the aim of this study, 506 adult women residing in Korea were selected as subjects and surveyed. To identify the demographic characteristics of the study participants, a technical statistical analysis and frequency analysis were conducted. To check the validity and reliability of the measuring tools, an exploratory factor analysis was performed, and the Cronbach's α factor was calculated. The analysis method was analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 and the Amos 25.0 statistical analysis programs. The results of this study are as follows. First, ethical spending tendencies had a positive impact on attitudes toward ethical cosmetics. Specifically, interest in ethical issues, altruism, and business ethics perception have had a positive impact on attitudes toward ethical cosmetics. However, consumer effectiveness had no significant impact on attitudes toward ethical cosmetics. Second, attitudes toward ethical cosmetics had a positive effect on purchasing intentions. This study found that for the spread of ethical cosmetics and ethical consumption trends varied according to the age and that attitudes toward ethical cosmetics and differences in purchasing intentions should be kept in mind. It also showed that attitudes toward ethical cosmetics affect purchasing intentions. The results of this study suggested that the analysis of adult women, the main consumers of cosmetics, by age was meaningful for finding the factors for growth in the macroscopic ethical cosmetics industry and that the industry could raise its ethical awareness. If such tasks are systematically established, ethical cosmetics are thought to be able to actively solve social problems and lead a mature cosmetics industry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.3-3
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• 2017

The question of how to establish sustainable agricultural systems has become as prominent as questions related to water, energy and climate change. High input/high output agriculture has brought with it many adverse effects; the massive deterioration of soil and water in both quantity and quality, increased greenhouse gas emissions and an increased prevalence of unsafe foods. Additionally, urbanization and climate change has worsened the shortage of farmland and reduced the supply of agricultural water. Given these challenges, maintaining, conserving and efficiently using agri-environmental resources, through fostering of sustainable agriculture, have emerged as key tasks in solving these problems. What is needed therefore is research, based on systematic and comprehensive empirical analyses, that can propose plans and methods for establishing an appropriate sustainable agricultural system. The empirical analysis of sustainable agricultural system is approached separately from economic, environmental and social aspects. An analysis of environment effect reveals that the available phosphate level is 1.3~2.1 times greater than the optimal amount in rice paddies, upland fields and orchards. Further examination has revealed that the excess nutrient is polluting both ground water and surface water. Analytical results for economic feasibility show that factors of production have been invested heavily in the rice crop. Under these conditions, sustainable agriculture, including low-input agriculture, appears to be a possible alternative that will facilitate simultaneous improvements in both economic feasibility and environment effects. Analysis results for sociality reveal that social factors include the value of producer, association and interior networks. Social conditions are comprised of leadership, consumers' awareness, education and conflict solutions. In addition, analysis as to the degree investments contribute to improving agricultural value added has revealed that the direct payment program is the most effective instrument. Experts confirm that economic feasibility can be improved by scientific and well-reasoned nutrient management on the basis of soil testing. Farmers pointed to 'economic factors' as being the largest obstacle to switching to the practice of sustainable agriculture. They also indicate 'uncertainty with regards to sustainable agriculture technology' as an impediment to practicing sustainable agriculture. Even so, farmers who believe environmental and regional issues to be the most pressing problems have expanded their practice of sustainable agriculture. The keys to establishing sustainable agriculture system are classified into the following four aspects. Firstly, from an economic aspect, the research indicates that agricultural policy needs to be integrated with environmental policy and that the function of market making based on the value chain needs to be revitalized. Secondly, from an environmental aspect, there is a need for an optimal resource management system to be established in the agricultural sector. In addition, sustainable agriculture practice will need to be extended with attendant environmentally-friendly and sustainable intensive technology also requiring further development. Thirdly, from a social aspect, green agriculture management needs to be fostered, technology and education extended, and social conflict mediated. Lastly, from a governance aspect, it will be necessary to strengthen good governance, assign and share suitable roles and responsibilities, build a cooperation system and utilize community supported agriculture.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.251-276
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• 2005

While the endeavor to introduce the service activity in the college education is enlarged, the object of this study is to introduce the concept of service learning in social work education. The 'Service-Learning' is focusing on the practical education, the liaison and participation in community and the promotion of civil awareness which are very important in social work education that focuses on the interest and participation in the human and social problem as practical study. This study contemplates the educational effect of the course of social work combined with service learning. This study verifies the change of the self-efficacy, the altruism, social responsibility as personal growth of students by carrying out the course of social welfare and service activities side by side. To investigate the learning effect qualitative analysis in journal of service activity was done. Through the service learning, students showed the promotion in self-efficacy, social responsibility. And as a result of qualitative analysis, it was found that students could participate in the intervention of family problems, could have lots of understanding of theory, could increase the interest of family welfare, could experience a change of perception about the client. Based on the above mentioned results, this study address that Service-Learning is useful teaching methodology in social work education to accomplish the personal growth of students and promote the learning effects.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.445-453
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of acute respiratory training feedback upon a change on HRV-Autonomic nervous system in middle-aged women. The research subjects were totally 24 middle-aged women(40-60 years old), were randomly allocated 12 people to the respiratory training group and 12 people to the control group, and then were carried out the acute respiratory training. The feedback exercise in the respiratory training group was conducted for totally 15 minutes. Following the 10-minute breath awareness training according to the expert's guidance, the 5-minute autonomous breathing exercise was implemented. The data analysis was carried out Repeated Measures ANOVA with SPSS WIN 20.0. The conclusions that were obtained through this are as follows. The middle-aged women got significantly higher in SDNN, RMSSD, LF, HF after the acute respiratory training. Compared to the control group. the respiratory training group was indicated to have gotten higher significantly in SDNN, RMSSD, LF, HF. Mean HR and LF/HF were not shown a significant difference in both the main effect of group & period and the interaction effect of group & period. Above of a result the acute respiratory training feedback is effective for SDNN, RMSSD, sympathetic activity, parasympathetic activity in the middle-aged women. Thereby, the respiratory training program improves autonomic nervous system, being considered to be possibly expected the effective value of exercise intervention available for relieving stress and recovering autonomic dysfunction in the middle-aged women.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.105-119
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• 2014

With its growing awareness by public today, along with our heritage gaining higher standing - such as being listed as World Heritage - the needs for managing cultural heritage that meet global standard is required, and public's interest towards national heritage growing higher, Cultural Heritage Administration is actively pursuing related projects for scenic amenity that include systematic preserve/manage/restore the heritage including surrounding environment, also propose harmonious landscape. 1,834 cases of allowance limit for state-designated cultural heritage change are prepared as part of the plan, and the standards are being expanded actively towards designated cultural heritage across the country, contributing towards administrative efficiency and living conditions of the locals significantly. However, some definitions are unclear and possible complaints might arise when applied due to choice of the law, this research prepares the base material for efficient management of the establishment by diagnosing overall operational status and proposing alternatives towards the limit and improvements after reviewing the result. Through this, we expect to see establishment of policies for better management of cultural heritage and its scenic amenity via maximizing administrative efficiency, whilst positively enhance resident satisfaction around the heritage area as well as settling the regulations in short term.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.81-92
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• 2013

Purpose - This study empirically analyzes the effect of improvements in the quality of service management performance of college education on traders' conscious change of business management innovation and diverse sales expertise for a year. The use of traders' conscious changes and sales expertise as variables for the verification of the effects of parameters related to the active trader's traditional education market is a desirable direction. The method of research reflects the quality of education service, management result, traders' conscious changes, and sales expertise to understand the precise essence and definition of teaching quality at merchant colleges through theoretical consideration. Moreover, its impact on traders' conscious changes and sales expertise in empirical analysis acts as an intermediary. Research design, data, methodology - The hypothesis of this study leverages the SPSS statistical program. To gather actual proof, sample survey for theoretical research examined 262 valid papers of the 300 papers written by 10 merchants who graduated from merchant's university. First, using the SERVQUAL model, Parasuraman et al. (1996) indicated that for quality of education service, the configuration of factors is the same as the sympathetic performance, that is, responsiveness and empathy, and traders are aware of these elements. However, our preliminary investigation revealed that traders' university education has been excluded as a component of quality of service in the earlier studies. Moreover, we found that certainty of knowledge, reliability, and sympathy are influenced by challenges and by the changing intentions of merchant consciousness. In addition, our study confirms that improvements in convincing abilities and sales technique have a positive impact. Second, merchants' and traders' expertise are proven to affect business performance. In other words, university education of traders and merchants affects the consciousness of consumers, and changes patterns of sales. Third, the quality of service management education and change in the consciousness has a considerable impact on the trader, thereby maximizing business performance and acting as an intermediary for verification. Fourth, the quality of service management education affects the trader's sales expertise to maximize business performance. Results - To summarize, the quality of college educational services relates to the improvement of business performance and the role of the resulting virtuous cycle. Consequently, we can look for suggestions in the traditional markets, where the Government pays attention to the exterior environmental factors as well as to the changing business environment. However, the most important aspect is the merchant awareness. That is, a merchant should understand the distribution environment. Several competitor and trend analyses should be conducted to meet customers' expectations positively and proactively cope with any challenges related to changes. Further, expertise in sales and marketing skills need to be acquired to improve customer convincing abilities and develop a customer-oriented mindset. Conclusions - According to the changes in consumption trends of business enterprises, new management techniques are required to survive competition by improving traditional markets, which will necessitate more competitive education programs in merchant universities.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.1329-1342
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• 2013

The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between the change of beginning teachers' beliefs about a lesson and that of teaching practice and argument-based inquiry using science writing. Participants were three science teachers (A, B, and C) from different middle schools. Classroom observation and interview data were collected and transcribed for analysis. A Summary Writing test was also administered to examine whether there was an improvement in students' learning. The results indicated that the interaction between the teachers and their students developed, which is concluded as an improvement in the teaching practice. Teacher A and B also reported that teacher-student interaction had improved. Teacher A and C came to understand that argument-based inquiry using science writing classes constituted learner-centered instruction. The result from the Summary Writing Test showed the impact of the changes in teaching practice and in teachers' awareness of students' learning as well as produced meaningfully higher scores than compared groups on the rhetorical structure of all the specific areas in teacher A's school and on the scientific concept at B and C's schools.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.861-869
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• 2011

This paper examined the frequency of skipping breakfast by middle school students for one week. It carried out the study in order to understand the ways skipping breakfast effected other habits. The subjects were 467 middle school students (219 boys, 248 girls). The results of the survey were as follows; average male students were $171.16{\pm}5.9cm$, $61.45{\pm}10.0kg$, and $20.93{\pm}2.9$ in height, weight and body mass index, while the average female students were $159.27{\pm}6.0cm$, $51.62{\pm}7.9kg$ and $20.33{\pm}2.8$. As for the reasons for skipping breakfast, 58.0% of the subjects responded that they had no time. The frequency of skipping breakfast was divided into the eating group (0~1 time) and the skipping breakfast group (2~3times/week, 4~5 times/week, or 6~7 times/week). As the frequency of skipping breakfast increased, so the rate of the subjects eating alone was higher and eating with family lower(p<.05). The dietary behavior change stage was divided into contemplation stage, preparation stage, action stage, and maintenance stage. The eating group(59.2%) was higher than the skipping breakfast group(29.1%~46.3%) in the rate of subjects maintenance stage(p<.01). Accordingly, skipping breakfast was closely connected with eating habits in their families. A dietitian needs to teach the importance of meals and life habits, so as to enhance public awareness of health and nutrition to the students. Subjects of nutrition education must even enlarge their parents as well as the students.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.41-50
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• 2019

Block chain technology revolutionizes the 'double entry bookkeeping' of accounting principles in 600 years. It will be an opportunity for you to become one. The advent of the block chain will revolutionize the accounting world. It is no exaggeration to say that it is a skill. The use of block chains for accounting leads to the occurrence of transactions. It's easy to identify a transaction, and it's easy to fake or tamper with it. The accounting industry because it is difficult to communicate transparent accounting information to stake holders. Transformations will be possible across the board (Carlozo, 2017). An entity shall provide financial information that is useful to interested parties in making reasonable economic decisions. Transactions arising from business activities are recorded and provided in the books. Interested parties are here. We need to make decisions to protect our interests and make those decisions rationally. To make a decision, we know how the outcome of the decision will affect our self-interest. Because it has to do so, it uses corporate information for this purpose. But the investor is one way of doing business. It is difficult to trust the information provided by (Yermack, 2017). As a result, ICO companies, startups, small businesses lose a lot of business opportunities because they don't have investors. In addition, the management mixes cash flows with accounting interests to indicate changes in cash flows. It experiences failure in its business due to its inability to analyze and predict faithfully. But it's a blockhead in accounting. Applying the factors and recording them in the book will result in a number of benefits for different stake holders. It can be provided. The financial information in the block chain is not subject to further review or verification. It can improve the timeliness and increase reliability of financial information because it cannot be forged or tampered with (Delloitte, 2016). Based on the fourth industrial revolution, the pace of change in all sectors of society has never been faster. Based on block chain technology, decision-making structure is based on vertical structure of the past. Transforming into a horizontal structure collapses existing tools and advances transparency and decentralization a change of Copernican interpersonal awareness with the trend of the times, which is becoming angry with modern people.