• Mycobiology
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2005

Selected isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf4-92 and PfRsC5) and P. aeruginosa (PaRsG18 and PaRsG27) were examined for growth promotion and induced systemic resistance against Fusarium wilt of chickpea. Significant increase in plant height was observed in Pseudomonas treated plants. However, plant growth was inhibited when isolates of Pseudomonas were used in combination with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri (FocRs1). It was also observed that the Pseudomonas spp. was colonized in root of chickpea and significantly suppressed the disease in greenhouse condition. Rock wool bioassay technique was used to study the effect of iron availability on the induction of systemic resistance to Fusarium wilt of chickpea mediated by the Pseudomonas spp. All the isolates of Pseudomonas spp. showed greater disease control in the induced systemic resistance (ISR) bioassay when iron availability in the nutrient solution was low. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis indicated that an the bacterial isolates produced more salicylic acid (SA) at low iron ($10\;{\mu}M$ EDDHA) than high iron availability ($10\;{\mu}Fe^{3+}$ EDDHA). Except PaRsG27, all the three isolates produced more pseudobactin at low iron than high iron availability.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.639-656
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• 2020

Consumers' shopping experience has recently expanded to mobile and social networks; in addition, online fashion retailers started to focus on real-time interaction services as an emerging marketing tool. This study explores the consumer' shopping experience based on social live streaming services (SLSS) to investigate consumer's response behavior and effects through perceived service quality. An online survey method was conducted and a total of 186 female consumer panels were collected. The results indicate that cognitive communion of co-experience had a significant effect on perceived SLSS service quality (responsiveness, contents informativeness, playfulness, system availability). Service quality of SLSS (responsiveness, contents informativeness, and playfulness) had significant effect on trust in SLSS seller while system availability had no significant effect. Also, trust in seller showed significant effect on purchase intention. Last, it was confirmed that the moderating effect of purchasing experience of SLSS was significant in the relationship between cognitive communion and responsiveness/playfulness. There was also an additional significant moderating effect of purchasing experience between system availability and trust in seller.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.260-266
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• 2001

The characteristic of the random-request availability is that random task arrival is included as one of system elements. If the mean number of task arrivals grows, the computational complexity for deriving the random-request availability becomes extremely high. Using a simulation method, the effect of 'random task arrival' elements on the random-request availability is investigated. Some approximation methods are also discussed.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2002

In this paper, we consider the warm standby redundant system(WSRS) which is consisted of an active unit, a standby unit and a switchover device. In addition, the switchover processing is controlled by a control module. The effect of failure of the control module is taken into account to develop our reliability model for the redundant structure. For the performance evaluation of a redundant system with the function of switchover processing which is assumed to cause the increase of the failure rate of the system, some reliability indices, such as availability, average availability, reliability and steady state availability, are considered.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.43-49
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• 1986

Field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of vinyl mulch on phosphate availability of soil and fertilizer in 1982. Growth of tobacco was more vigorous at each level of phosphate treatment in vinyl mulched than in bare soil. There was significant culture x Phosphorus treatment interaction for the yields of cured tobacco leaves. These results indicated that vinyl mulch was effective to improve phosphate availability of soil and fertilizer. Increase in soil temperature and maintenance of bulk density suitable for Phosphorus diffusion by vinyl mulch were likely to Play major roles on Phosphate availability, but other unknown factors appeared to be involved.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.104-110
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• 2004

이화학적 특성이 다른 4가지의 밭토양에 대한 규산질 비료를 처리하여 토양의 유효규산 함량과 pH 변화에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 토양의 이화학적 특성과 기존 유효규산 함량에 상관없이 토양 유효규산 함량은 규산질 비료 시용량에 비례하여 증가하였다. 규산질 비료의 유효화 정도는 토양마다 차이가 있었으며 최저 9.1%에서 최고 19.2% 정도의 비율을 나타냈다. 규산질 비료 100 kg/10a 수준의 처리는 용탈 등으로 제거되지 않는 한 10 cm 질이 표토에 평균적으로 100 mg/kg 정도의 유효규산을 공급할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 퇴비 혼합처리는 토양 유효규산 함량 증가에 큰 영향을 미치지 못했으며, 석회 처리는 유효규산 함량을 다소 증가시켰다. 토양 pH 변화는 모든 토양에서 규산질 비료 시비량에 비례하여 증가하였으며, 규산질 비료 100 kg/10a 처리로 토양 pH를 $0.1{\sim}0.2$ 단위 증가시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 산성 토양의 경우에는 규산질 비료의 시용과는 별도로 pH 교정을 위해 석회비료를 시용해야 할 것이다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.63-69
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• 1976

재래식 간장 및 된장 제조중에 일어나는 대두단백질 중의 lysine 가용도의 변화에 관하여 화학적 방법 및 생물학적 방법을 이용하여 측정하였으며 서로 다른 측정 방법에 의한 결과의 차이에 대하여 고찰 하였다. TLMI법에 의한 FDNB-reactive lysine의 동향을 보면 대두의 삶음과 메주 발효과정중 lysine의 가용도는 저하하나, 8개월간의 메주 장숙성과정에서 그 가용도가 다시 증가되어 원료대두 단백질중의 lysine가용도와 거의 같은 수준으로 되었다. 한편 백쥐의 사양시험에 의한 생물가 (BV), NPU, NER 및 상대적 lysine 가용율등에 의하면 메주 제조과정에서 뿐만 아니라 숙성과정중에도 lysine 가용도는 계속 저하되는 것으로 나타났다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.391-398
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• 1998

The effect of culture medium copper availability on the specific growth rate(${\mu}$) and carbon conversion efficiency (CCE) was sutided for an obligatory methanotroph Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b under various combinations of carbon and nitrogen sources. Methane or methanol was used as a carbon source, and nitrate or ammonium was used as a nitrogen source. Medium copper availability determined the intracellular location or kind of methane monooxygenase (MMO), cell-membrane (particulate or pMMO) when copper was present and cytoplasm (soluble or sMMO) when copper was deficient. When methane was used as a carbon source, copper-containing medium exhibited higher ${\mu}$ and CCE than copper-free medium regardless of the kind of nitrogen source. When methanol was used as a carbon source, however, the effect of copper disappeared. Ammonium gave the higher ${\mu}$ and CCE than nitrate for both methane and methanol. Those observation suggest that there exist an important difference in energy utilization efficiency for methane assimilation between sMMO and pMMO.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2019

Based on the theory of planned behavior and the theory of legal deterrence, this study takes consumers' willingness to pay for digital music as the research object, investigates the consumers who have digital music consumption channels and behaviors, and discusses the willingness of consumers to pay for digital music and its influencing factors. The study attempts to achieve the following research purposes: First, explore the influencing factors of willingness to pay for digital music using domestic and foreign literature research and related content analysis. Second, we want to examine the effect of Attitude, Collective Specifications, Quality Sensitivity and Music affinity on willingness to pay. Third, Legal deterrence and resource availability tries to verify whether there is a moderating effect between Attitude, Collective Specifications, Quality Sensitivity and Music affinity and willingness to pay. The research data was collected in 2019 between April 6th to May 8th. Questionnaires were randomly distributed in fixed places, mainly in Hubei Province, China. A total of 393 questionnaires were selected for data analysis. Based on the previous theoretical review and empirical analysis, the study draws the following conclusions: Firstly, attitude, collective specifications, quality sensitivity and music affinity have an impact on the willingness to pay. Second, Legal deterrence has a regulatory effect on the relationship among quality sensitivity, musical affinity and the willingness to pay. Last the resource availability has a significant impact on the willingness to pay. It also has a regulatory effect on the relationship among quality sensitivity, music affinity and the willingness to pay.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.704-710
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• 2008

Glutamate availability in the argF-argR-proB${\Delta}$ strain of Corynebacterium glutamicum was increased by addition of glutamate to the cell or inactivation of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity and simultaneous overexpression of the pyruvate carboxylase activity to assess its effect on L-ornithine production. When glutamate was increased in an L-ornithine-producing strain, the production of L-ornithine was not changed. This unexpected result indicated that the intracellular concentration and supply of glutamate is not a rate-limiting step for the L-ornithine production in an L-ornithine-producing strain of C. glutamicum. In contrast, overexpression of the L-ornithine biosynthesis genes (argCJBD) resulted in approximately 30% increase of L-ornithine production, from 12.73 to 16.49 mg/g (dry cell weight). These results implied that downstream reactions converting glutamate to L-ornithine, but not the availability of glutamate, is the rate-limiting step for elevating L-ornithine production in the argF-argR-proB${\Delta}$ strain of C. glutamicum.