• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 1989

In [1], Johnson and Lapidus introduced a family { $A_{t}$ :t>0} of Banach algebras of functionals on Wiener space and showed that for every F in $A_{t}$ , the analytic operator-valued function space integral $K_{\lambda}$$^{t}$ (F) exists for all nonzero complex numbers .lambda. with nonnegative real part. In [2,3] Johnson and Lapidus introduced a noncommtative multiplication having the property that if F.mem. $A_{t}$ $_{1}$ and G.mem. $A_{t}$ $_{2}$ then $F^{*}$G.mem. A$t_{1}$+$_{t}$ $_{2}$ and (Fig.) Note that for F, G in $A_{t}$ , $F^{*}$G is not in $A_{t}$ but rather is in $A_{2t}$ and so the multiplication * is not internal to the Banach algebra $A_{t}$ . In this paper we introduce an internal noncommutative multiplication on $A_{t}$ having the property that for F, G in $A_{t}$ , F G is in $A_{t}$ and (Fig.) for all nonzero .lambda. with nonnegative real part. Thus is an auxiliary binary operator on $A_{t}$ .TEX> .

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.1011-1019
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose a system that can more precisely identify and monitor the position of the tool used in the assembling workplace such as automobile production. The proposed positioning monitoring system is a combination of UWB communication module and MEMS IMU sensor. Since UWB does not need modulation and demodulation function and has low power density, UWB is widely used in indoor positioning field. However, it may cause positioning error due to errors in RF transmission and reception process, which may cause positioning accuracy. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an algorithm that uses IMU as an auxiliary means to compensate for errors that may occur in positioning using only UWB. The tag and anchor of UWB module measure the transmission / reception time by transmitting signals to each other and then estimate the distance between tag and anchor. The MEMS IMU sensor serves to provide positioning calibration information. The tag, which is a mobile node and attached to a moving tool, measures the three-dimensional position of the tool and transfers the coordinate data to the anchor. Thus, it is possible to confirm whether or not the specific tool is properly used according to the prescribed regulations.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.233-243
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• 2019

In this paper, numerical and experimental studies are performed to investigate the liquid impact on a free falling wedge. In the numerical simulation, the structure is assumed to be rigid and the elastic response is ignored. The fully nonlinear coupling between wedge and water is considered by an auxiliary function method based on the Boundary Element Method (BEM). At the intersection of the wedge surface and liquid surface, two coincident nodes are used to decouple the boundary conditions. The Eulerian free surface conditions in the local coordinate system are adopted to update the deformed free surface. In the experiments, five pressure sensors are fixed on each side of the wedge which is released from an experimental installation. Steel and aluminum wedges that have different structural elasticity are used in the experiments to investigate the influence of structural elasticity on the impact force. Numerical results are compared with experimental data and they agree very well. The influence of fluid gravity, body mass, initial entry speed and deadrise angle on the impact pressure are further investigated.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.22-27
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• 2020

In this paper, a generalized efficiency equation was proposed to estimate the internal loss of the SMPS (switched-mode power supply) with 3 variables. The first variable was an internal loss not related to the load current such as auxiliary power, the second was a loss proportional to the current such as diode loss, and the third was a loss proportional to square of the current such as conduction loss. Especially, theoretical internal losses of the totem pole bridgeless PFC which is widely used for high efficiency SMPS were expressed as output function to compare generalized efficiency equation. In addition, in order to reduce the conduction loss of the switch, when a multiple switch were paralleled, the correlation with the efficiency was analyzed and shown as a graph. In order to confirm the degree of the parallel switch structure on the efficiency improvement, a 2kW class totem pole bridgeless PFC was constructed and the effectiveness of the analysis was confirmed by comparing the generalized efficiency equation and theoretical loss analysis results with experimental data.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.101-111
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• 2022

The purpose of laboratory tests in the field of oral medicine can be divided into two categories: (1) medical evaluation of patients with systemic diseases that are planning to receive dental care and (2) diagnosis of patients with certain oral diseases. First, laboratory tests are commonly used to evaluate patients with systemic diseases who need dental management. A combination of multiple tests is usually prescribed as a test panel to diagnose and assess a specific disease. Test panels closely related to oral medicine include those for rheumatoid arthritis, connective tissue disease/lupus, liver function, thyroid screening, anemia, and bleeding disorders. Second, laboratory tests are used as auxiliary diagnostic methods for certain oral diseases. They often provide crucial diagnostic information for infectious diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, and viruses that are associated with pathology in the oral and maxillofacial regions. Laboratory tests for infectious diseases are composed of growth-dependent methods, immunologic assays, and molecular biology. As the field develops, further application of laboratory tests, including synovial fluid analysis in temporomandibular joint disorders, salivary diagnostics, and hematologic biomarkers associated with temporomandibular disorders and orofacial pain conditions, is currently under scrutiny for their reliability as diagnostic tools.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.574-578
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• 2010

Archaebacteria Sulfolobus acidocaldarius contains the highly thermophilic cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP119). CYP119 possesses stable enzymatic activity at up to $85^{\circ}C$. However, this enzyme is still considered as an orphan P450 without known physiological function with endogenous or xenobiotic substrates. We characterized the regioselectivity of lauric acid by CYP119 using the auxiliary redox partner proteins putidaredoxin (Pd) and putidaredoxin reductase (PdR). Purified CYP119 protein showed a tight binding affinity to lauric acid ($K_d=1.1{\pm}0.1{\mu}M$) and dominantly hydroxylated (${\omega}-1$) position of lauric acid. We determined the steady-state kinetic parameters; $k_{cat}$ was 10.8 $min^{-1}$ and $K_m$, was 12 ${\mu}M$. The increased ratio to $\omega$-hydroxylated production of lauric acid catalyzed by CYP119 was observed with increase in the reaction temperature. These studies suggested that the regioselectivity of CYP119 provide the critical clue for the physiological enzyme function in this thermophilic archaebacteria. In addition, regioselectivity control of CYP119 without altering its thermostability can lead to the development of novel CYP119-based catalysts through protein engineering.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.1113-1121
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose the face anti-spoofing method based on combination of luminance and chrominance with convolutional neural networks. The proposed method extracts luminance and chrominance features independently from live and fake faces by using stacked convolutional neural networks and auxiliary networks. Unlike previous methods, an attention module has been adopted to adaptively combine extracted features instead of simply concatenating them. In addition, we propose a new loss function, called the contrast loss, to learn the classifier more efficiently. Specifically, the contrast loss improves the discriminative power of the features by maximizing the distance of the inter-class features while minimizing that of the intra-class features. Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves the significant improvement for face anti-spoofing compared to existing methods.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.35S no.10
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• pp.144-155
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• 1998

The array weights that will maximize the SNR for any type of noise environment are determined by the function of the antenna design configuration and the directions of receiving target and interference signals. The conventional SLCs(sidelobe cancellers) using the SNR maximization perform worst from the saturation of the receiving system of main channel when the main antenna has pattern with high gain at the arrival angle of strong interference. In this paper, the new SLC is accomplished by using two independent antenna architecture. Main antenna is implemented with adaptive nulling, which is used for rejecting high-power interference primarily. Auxiliary antenna is realized with adaptive array for receiving interference signal to be suppressed completely, which has a characteristics of sufficient gain for every direction. The new SLC is implemented with above both antennas. We show that the new SLC, which consists of the adaptive nulling main antenna and the adaptive array auxiliary antenna, is useful in reducing the effect of strong interference like jammer, because the adaptive nulling at main antenna prevents its receiver and signal processor for saturation by strong interference. The proposed SLC has improved SNR over the conventional SLCs. The improved SNR at sidelobe region is typically more than 7 dB for a given test signal. Moreover, it improves the SNR of about 20 dB under strong interference at mainlobe.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.97-109
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• 2008

This study first attempted to catch the transformational affairs and motives of the representative pavilion, Hanbyeok in Honam after its construction. Especially, it re-illuminated the morphologic, significant and functional change process of a pavilion after the early Joseon Dynasty by taking the local scenery, Hanbyeokdang as a sample, and considering the space and scenic characteristics, and diachronically understood its creation process and rebuilt its inherent positional meaning to reach the following conclusion. 1. Weoldanglu, at its early foundation, seems to have stressed the function of a private banquet and lecture hall to train younger students, and served as a reception space. Then the reception function gradually increased, and up to before 1530, it seems to have been called Weoldanglu(月塘樓) or Weoldangwon(月塘院). 2. In 1619, Governor Yoo Saek changed the pavilion name to Hanbyeokdang through the subject of a poem. 200 years after Weoldang's death, it became a public space called Hanbyeokdang, an amusement place in which scholars cultivated great morale, and participated in the sending-off and welcoming of predecessors and successors. This seems to have taken a foothold as a public event or entertainment space for the local administration, Jeonjuboo(全州府) through the remodeling process sponsored by the public. 3. Scenic language such as its indicating name, expression type and surrounding view through old map and so on, the shape of Hanbyeokdang evolved and changed to diverse types after the foundation of Weoldanglu, at the heart of which Hanbyeokdang with its two legs standing at a rock was located. 4. During the late 18th century, Hanbyeokdang seems to have been a wing corridor connected closely to the left corridor of the Jeonju stream bed, whose pattern is presumed to have existed even during the early 19308. Such changes in scenic language make us assume that diverse auxiliary space, a wing corridor, was erected for use as a public banquet and amusement spot of Jeonjuboo Castle, the inherent function of Hanbyeokdang after the mid 18th century. 5. Penetration of Hanbyeokgool and the erection of Hanbyeokgyo caused the change of the ancient shape of Hanbyeokdang. Specifically, a great Hanbyeokgyo passing by the pavilion changed the relative scale, so the pavilion image of pursuing unity with nature has lost the old inherent refinement and visual character.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.141-152
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• 2013

The current web implementation largely falls into process-oriented and object-oriented methods. Both ways implement the programs to be used for simple design of external outfit and auxiliary function of hybrid webs and it might lead to cost problems arising from waste of time and man-power to develop with it. Therefore, managed structural system programming which can be applied under .NET framework is suggested in a bid to solve these problems. The structural system design method under .NET environment by applying CS concept prefers to adopting the optimized design configuration suited to proper interfaces of UI configuration, which offers the environment to maintain the inheritance relationship by taking form of the balanced class allotment by domain, and continue to keep the connectivity between UX and UI which leads to application of interface of UX objects as form of objects through connection with objects in class design process. This development method enables programs to be implemented focused on representation methods of UI and UX, and helps relieve much of the burden on development costs.