• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.42 no.5
• /
• pp.760-766
• /
• 1995

Tracheopatbia osteoplastica is a rare disease of unknown cause and characterized by cartilaginous or bony projection into the tracheobronchial lumen, usually not involved posterior membranous portion of tracheobronchial tree. In the past, most of the cases were diagnosed incidentally at autopsy. But after the introduction of bronchoscopy and computed tomography, antemortem diagnosis was reported. Because of initial presenting symptoms were indolent and non-specific, misdiagnosis was reported frequently and correct diagnosis was delayed usually. We report two cases of tracheopatbia osteoplastica diagnosed by fiberoptic bronchoscopic biopsy.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.192-200
• /
• 2010

Objectives: We have investigated the toxic effects of the inhalation of subchronic and acute levels of n-octane. Methods: The rats were exposed to n-octane of 0, 2.34, 11.68 and 23.36 mg/L (n = 5 rats/group/gender) in an acute inhalation test (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) TG 403), or to 0, 0.93, 2.62 and 7.48 mg/L (n = 10 rats/group/gender) for a subchronic inhalation test (OECE TG 413), to establish a national chemical management system consistent with the Globally Harmonized Classification System (GHS). Results: Acutely-exposed rats became lethargic but recovered following discontinuation of inhalation. Other clinical symptoms such as change of body weight and autopsy finds were absent. The LC50 for the acute inhalation toxicity of n-octane was determined to exceed 23.36 mg/L and the GHS category was 'not grouping'. Subchronically-treated rats displayed no significant clinical and histopathological differences from untreated controls; also, target organs were affected hematologically, biochemically and pathologically. Therefore, the no observable adverse effect level was indicated as exceeding 7.48 mg/L and the GHS category was 'not grouping' for the specific target organ toxicity upon repeated exposure. Conclusion: However, n-octane exposure should be controlled to be below the American Conference of Industrial Hygienists recommendation (300 ppm) to prevent inhalation-related adverse health effects of workers.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.28 no.7
• /
• pp.829-838
• /
• 2005

In order to investigate the residual amounts of organochlorines and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Korean human tissues (blood, adipose tissue, liver, kidney cortex, and lung), the samples were collected from the autopsied cadavers of 40 men and 40 women (from teens to seventies of age). ${\alpha}-BHC,\;{\beta}-BHC,\;{\gamma}-BHC,\;{\delta}-BHC$, p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDE, endrin, dieldein, aldrin, and 7 marker PCBs (28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180) were determined in human tissues. The levels of organochlorines and PCB congeners indicated that they have been widely distributed in Korean human body. Positive correlations in terms of age were observed for the following cases: p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDT, ${\Sigma}-DDT$, PCB 118, PCB 138, PCB 153, and ${\Sigma}-PCB$ in the adipose tissue, and p,p'-DDE in the lung. Concentration of these compounds showed a significant age-related increase. Accumulation of these compounds in aged people revealed that these compounds were more slowly eliminated in our environment and risk assessment was necessary for further proper action. Significant differences in the levels of PCBs between genders were found for PCB 118 in the adipose tissue and PCB 138 in the liver. Positive correlation coefficients between tissues were detected with p,p'-DDE and ${\beta}-BHC$.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.49 no.3
• /
• pp.176-182
• /
• 2016

Objectives: Prospective evaluations of the associations between depressive symptoms and suicide deaths have been mainly performed in high-risk populations, such as individuals with psychiatric disorders or histories of self-harm. The purpose of this study was to prospectively examine whether more severe depressive symptoms assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were associated with a greater risk of death from suicide in a general-risk population. Methods: A total of 113 478 men from the Korean Veterans Health Study (mean age, 58.9 years) who participated in a postal survey in 2004 were followed up for suicide mortality until 2010. Results: Over 6.4 years of follow-up, 400 men died by suicide (56.7 deaths per 100 000 person-years). More severe depressive symptoms were associated with greater risk of suicide death (p for trend <0.001). The unadjusted hazard ratios (HRs) in comparison to the absence of depression were 2.18 for mild depression, 2.13 for moderate depression, 3.33 for severe depression, and 3.67 for extreme depression. After adjusting for potential confounders, men with a potential depressive disorder had an approximate 90% higher mortality from suicide (adjusted HR, 1.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38 to 2.68; p<0.001) than men without depression. Each five-point increase in the GDS score was associated with a higher risk of death by suicide (adjusted HR, 1.22; p<0.001). The value of the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of GDS scores for suicide deaths was 0.61 (95% CI, 0.58 to 0.64). Conclusions: Depressive symptoms assessed using the GDS were found to be a strong independent predictor of future suicide. However, the estimate of relative risk was weaker than would be expected based on retrospective psychological autopsy studies.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.166-173
• /
• 2010

Oxidative stress to proteins, lipids, or DNA is higher in human autopsy tissue and in rodent models of a number of neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. On the basis of this information, we established a screening system using N18-RE-105 cells to identify therapeutic agents that can protect cells from glutamate toxicity. During the course of our screening program, we recently isolated the active compound 9-hydroxy-$\alpha$-tocopherone ($\alpha$-TP), which prevents glutamate-induced cell death, from Viola mandshurica. The chemical structure of $\alpha$-TP was identified using spectroscopic methods and by comparison with literature values. Antioxidant activity and protective effects of $\alpha$-TP were evaluated by DPPH radical-scavenging assay, morphological assay, MTT reduction assay, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. These results suggest that $\alpha$-TP could be a new potential chemotherapeutic agent against neuronal diseases.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.288-291
• /
• 2007

Hypospadias is a malformation in which the urethra open on the ventral side of the penis and its frequency is about from 0.3% to 0.5% male birth in human. It is considered a disorder both genetic and environmental factors involves in pathogenesis. A KNC(Korean native calf) showing symptoms of fusion defect of the male ventral urethra, penile defect, bifid scrotum and low body weigh was born. To prevent an ascending urinary tract infection, dermatitis and loss of hair, surgical operation was performed to make a genitals like a female. After the operation, the KNC got a regenerative hair and normal urination. However the KNC became anorexia, loss in weight and weak. Seventy days after birth, the KNC died. The view of autopsy was a yellowish hepatomegaly, hydronephrosis, closed ureter and complex disorder in interanl organ. The symptoms of hepatomegaly and hydronephrosis could be due to a fluid therapy as a consequence of ureter obstruction. The normal urination of the KNC before it got sick, suggested that ureter obstruction in the case of this KNC was formed at its postnatal growth stage.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.255-259
• /
• 2007

A 6-year-old, intact male, mongrel dog with yellowish urine, anorexia, depression was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of the Chungnam National university. Immune mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) was diagnosed by clinical signs, physical examination, laboratory tests (CBC, serum chemistry, Coombs' test, autoagglutination test and urinalysis) and diagnostic imaging (X-ray and ultrasonography). Clinical signs were improved after combined immune-suppressive therapy (prednisolone and cyclosporine) and prophylactic heparin therapy. A thrombus ($4cm{\times}1cm$) was observed in the right ventricle by autopsy. Combined therapy and supportive care (antithrombolytic agent and acupuncture) were effective in a dog with IMHA.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.437-445
• /
• 1995

This experiment was carried out to study the preventive effect of cysteine on the toxicities of captafol to the hematological and serum biochemical values. A single dose of captafol(5mg/kg BW, ip) was given to male Sprague-Dawley rats and its toxicities were evalutated by body weitht changes, autopsy findings, absolute organ weight, and hematological and serum biochemical parameters. The single dose of captafol caused significant decreases in body weitht, and absolute liver weight, as-cites, fibrin clot in abdominal cavity, adhesion of liver lobes significant elevation of number of RBC, hemoglobin concentration and serum AST activity, and decreased of serum phospholipid level. Where as cysteine(over 58mg/kg BW) given immediately after captafol appeared to prevent the ascites, fibrin clot in abdominal cavity and liver lobe adhesion. It also prevented the liver and blood, especially RBC toxicites. The results suggest that cysteine and other compounds containing sulfhydryl groups may protect the subjects from captafol-induced toxicity.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.53 no.5
• /
• pp.611-618
• /
• 2015

This study describes the first record of Globocephalus samoensis (Nematoda: Ancylostomatidae) recovered in wild boars from southwestern regions of Korea. Gastrointestinal tracts of 111 Korean wild boars (Sus scrofa coreanus) hunted from mountains in Suncheon-si, Gwangyang-si, and Boseong-gun between 2009 and 2012 were examined for their visceral helminths. G. samoensis, as identified by morphological characteristics of the head and tail, were recovered from the small intestine of 51 (45.9%) wild boars. Worms were found from 7 of 28 wild boars (25.0%) from Suncheon-si, 40 of 79 (50.6%) from Gwangyang-si, and all 4 (100%) from Boseong-gun. The length of adult females was $7.2{\pm}0.5mm$, and the thickest part of the body measured the average $0.47{\pm}0.03mm$, while those of males were $6.52{\pm}0.19$ and $0.37{\pm}0.02mm$, respectively. The buccal cavity was equipped with a pair of large and bicuspid subventral lancets near the base of the capsule. The average length of spicules of males was $0.45{\pm}0.02mm$. By the present study, G. samoensis is recorded for the first time in southwestern regions of Korea. Additionally, morphological characteristics and identification keys provided in the present study will be helpful in the faunistic and taxonomic studies for strongylid nematodes in both domestic and wild pigs. The infection of G. samoensis apparently did not elicit pathologic lesions, as revealed by macroscopic observation during the autopsy of all wild boars in this study.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.16-20
• /
• 2020

Purpose: Duodenal atresia (DA) and atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) are well known ultrasonographic findings associated with Down syndrome. The risk of Down syndrome in fetuses with these anomalies has been reported as 30% to 40%. However, on the basis of our clinical experience, the risk of Down syndrome of DA may be lower in Korean population. To clarify this issue, we compared the risk of Down syndrome between cases with DA and AVSD. Materials and Methods: The study population consisted of neonates who were confirmed as DA or AVSD by postnatal diagnosis. Postnatal diagnosis was made by surgery, postnatal echocardiography, or autopsy. Medical record was reviewed retrospectively. Results: A total of 213 neonates with DA or AVSD were included: 67 cases with DA and 146 cases with AVSD. The risk of Down syndrome was 4.5% (3/67) in DA vs. 29.5% (43/146) in AVSD. When confining analysis to those whose karyotyping were not performed during antenatal period, the risk of Down syndrome were 7.9% (3/38) in DA and 35.4% (35/99) in AVSD. Conclusion: The risk of Down syndrome in cases with DA was much lower in Korean population than previously reported risk in the literature. The significance of some antenatal sonographic markers for Down syndrome may be different according to ethnicity.