• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1215-1227
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• 2009

Underwriting refers to the process that the insurance company measures the potential risk of the future clients and decide whether insuring them with current premium. Although the traditional underwriting system used in Korean automobile insurance market is easy to understand, it is not based on a reliable statistical procedure. In this paper, we propose to apply the generalized additive model into construction of underwriting system, which is based on statistical analysis. We use automobile insurance data in Korea and apply our approach to the data. The results from the empirical analysis would be useful even for determining the significance of each variable in calculating automobile insurance premium.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

Objectives : The main purpose of this Survey is to make a research on the actual condition of Automobile insurance system in oriental medical care. Methods : In this research, we surveyed 544 patients of traffic accident who were visited oriental medical clinic or hospital in Daegu, Korea from January, 1, 2008 to December, 31, 2008 according to medical chart. They made up Questionnaire about sex, age, pattern of accidents, days to visit oriental medical clinic, motivation to visiting clinic, damaged part of the body, chief complaint, treatment given to them, medication, tests, days of treatment and the effect. Results : The patients visited oriental medical clinic or hospital were fewer numbers from most of traffic accident patients. And most of their symptoms were light and the treatment and test of oriental medicine was limited for them because of automobile insurance limitation. Conclusions : For this study, we confirmed a possibility for the treatment of traffic accident patients in oriental medical treatment. Still, we needs to expend the boundary of treatment and to come into application of insurance.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.81-107
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• 2014

ADR has recently been expanded, making it possible to solve traffic accident disputes, which is a matter of urgency for parties to avoid. This point serves as an important procedural element. Such disputes are an area that requires a quick resolution. To try to solve any dispute that occurs in the complex environment of modern times one-by-one through litigation does not make sense. It gives an undue burden on the judicial body and the investigation agency. Like litigation, today's arbitration system, should have effective conflict resolution. The arbitration of automobile traffic accident disputes can be seen as roughly adjusted through the insurance company, the Dispute Coordinating Committee, and the Crime Victims Protection Act. It consists of experts mainly, and the resolution of automobile traffic accident disputes can be resolved through the Sajonsa and workers insurance company. However, adjustments to failure incident mostly need attention. Most of a company's compensation insurance indemnity needs to be processed in practice. In addition, a vicious cycle of litigation and delay period is repeated if a lawyer is appointed. There are unreasonable adjustment systems in the midst of these. Avoiding traffic accidents allows parties to resolve disputes better. Arbitration of disputes in automobile traffic accidents handled by arbitration institutions is desirable. It is determined that the handling of a case by a village attorney is efficient.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.81-91
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• 2019

Objectives : Symptoms caused by traffic accidents can be divided into localized pain and systemic symptoms. Edema and pain can be increased due to obesity. During hospitalization of obese patients after traffic accident injury, obesity and systemic symptoms such as edema, dizziness, abdominal fullness and heavy body feeling might increase more by decreased physical activity due to pain. Methods : This report details on two cases of obese female inpatients with systemic symptoms after a car accident who were treated with wild ginseng complex (WGC) pharmacopuncture combined with Korean Medicine (KM) automobile insurance treatment. The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Neck Disablility Index (NDI) and the Oswestry Disablility Index (ODI) were evaluated before and after treatment for comparison. Body composition was also measured. Results : Localized pain improved with a decrease in patients' NRS, NDI and ODI scores. Systemic symptoms increased during hospitalization were also improved with changes of body composition. Conclusions : Combining WGC pharmacopuncture with KM automobile insurance treatment may be synergistically effective for the treatment of obese patients with systemic symptoms such as edema, heavy body feeling and abdominal fullness.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.108-113
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• 2005

The damageability and repairability of similar platform type vehicles could be very concerned with design optimization. In all the vehicles crash tested, small size passenger vehicles were weakness in aspect of damageability and repairability. The most critical area appears to be repair cost considering that parts cost is the largest portion of total repair cost segments. Besides repair cost, attaching method of front sidemember and subframe are placed special importance for impact energy absorption and damageability and repairability. So in order to improve damageability and repairability of vehicle structure and body component of the monocoque type passenger vehicles, the end of front side member and front back beam should be designed with optimum level and to supply the end of front side member as a partial condition approx 300mm. The effectiveness of design concept on the 40% offset frontal impact characteristics of the passenger vehicle structure is investigated and summarized.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.13-19
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• 2012

The fatalities rate for passenger vehicles, vans, and commercial vehicles is 1.23, 1.90 and 2.46 deaths per 10,000 registered vehicles, respectively. This shows that vans and commercial vehicles are vulnerable compare to passenger vehicles. To evaluate the crashworthiness of van and Light Truck Vehicle(LTV), we carried out frontal offset crash test at 64km/h, 40% overlap as per IIHS(Insurance Institute for Highway Safety). The test result show that LTV is very poor to protect occupant at frontal crash cause there is no safety system such as airbag and pretensioner and front end length(distance from front bumper to steering wheel) is short. One of the van rated as the lowest rating even it is equipped with airbag, cause its safety cage was collapsed during the test. This result shows that the structural integrity is very important in terms of occupant protection.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1147-1157
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• 2005

Bonus-Malus system is generally constructed based on claim frequency and Bayesian credibility model is used to represent claim frequency distribution. However, there is a problem with traditionally used credibility model for the purpose of constructing bonus-malus system. In traditional Bonus-Malus system adopted credibility model, individual estimates of premium rates for insureds are determined based solely on the total number of claim frequency without considering when those claims occurred. In this paper, a new model which is a modification of structural time series model applicable to counting time series data are suggested. Based on the suggested model relatively higher premium rates are charged to insured with more claim records.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.261-265
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the transfer pattern of multiple trauma patients after acute phase management and to determine whether the time between the surgeon's decision and the actual transfer correlates with the patient's insurance type. Methods: Three hundred ninety-two(392) multiple trauma patients visited the emergency room from January 2011 to April 2013. Among the 143 patients who were admitted by a trauma surgeon, 47 were transferred to another hospital after acute phase management. The age, gender, trauma mechanism, Revised trauma score (RTS), Injury severity score (ISS), insurance type, length of ICU stay and hospital stay were analyzed through a retrospective chart review. Results: The mean age was 47.7 years, and traffic accident was the most common mechanism(26, 55.3%). The mean RTS and ISS were 6.93 and 22.7, respectively. Twenty-five patients(53%) were covered by National health insurance, and 20 patients(42.6%) were covered by automobile insurance. Patients were transferred to primary (4.3%), secondary(80.9%), tertiary(4.3%) and care(10.6%) hospitals. The mean time from transfer decision to actual transfer was significantly longer for patients who were covered by automobile insurance than it was for patients who were covered by national health insurance (p=0.038). Conclusion: An appropriate transfer system at the end of acute phase care is essential for managing trauma centers with limited staffing and facilities. In addition, the mean time from transfer decision to actual transfer seemed to be definitely related to the type of insurance covering the patient.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.190-194
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• 2006

This research investigates vehicle structure acceleration and vehicle deformation with RCAR crash test. To investigate vehicle damage characteristics in an individual case, it is possible to RCAR low speed crash test. In this study, two tests were conducted to evaluate difference between RCAR new condition and RCAR old condition. A two large vehicles were subjected to a frontal crash test at a speed of 15km/h with an offset of 40% $10^{\circ}$ angle barrier and flat barrier. The results of the 15km/h with an offset of 40% $10^{\circ}$ angle barrier revealed high acceleration value on the vehicle structure and high repair cost compared to the RCAR 15km/h with an offset of 40% flat barrier. So in order to improve damage characteristics in low speed crash of vehicle structure and body component of the monocoque type passenger vehicles, the end of front side member and front back beam should be designed with optimum level and to supply the end of front side member as a partial condition approx 300mm.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.121-130
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• 2019

Automobile insurance medical expenses increased by 12% in year 2015 compared to year 2014. But the oriental medical service expenses in automobile insurance increased by 36% during the same period. In this paper the reason for the rapid increase of expenses for oriental medical service was analyzed using the method of decomposing medical expenses. As a result of analyzing 34,351,120 cases that were examined and completed during the period of 2014~2015, the number of oriental medicine patients increased by 27% and the medical expense per patient increased by 7%. The result of analysis showed that there was no significant change in service period per patient but medical expense per day increased by 7%. The increase in the number of patients receiving only oriental medical services was 32%. Increase in the number of patients receiving medical treatment and oriental medical services was 24% and the number of patients receiving medical treatment only decreased by 4%. There was significant increase in non standardized cost of oriental physical therapy which was one reason of the increase of the expenses. However, the most influential factor of the increase in the expenses of oriental medical services was the increase of the number of patients.