• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.428-428
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• 2000

A robust intelligent algorithm for AGV navigation control is presented here based on both magnetic and gyro sensors to track a reference trajectory. Since the proposed system uses an intermittent array of short magnetic tape strips, it lends itself to a very easy installation and maintenance compared to other types of positioning references such as electric wire, magnets, RF and laser beacons. The neural network is to predict the lateral deviation of the AGV in the intervals where no magnetic tape references are available. Further, the use of intelligent control ensures a robust and flexible control performance. Computer simulation of AGV control demonstrates its adequate tracking performances even where the sensor information is not available. Real experiments using Samsung AGV are also on the way for real verification

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2006년도 하계종합학술대회
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• pp.1037-1038
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• 2006

This paper treats the guide path tracking problem of an experimental automated guided vehicle. An experimental guide path is made of aluminium foil which has width of 2[cm]. A digital Proportional and Derivative controller is used to manipulate the steering system and it is verified by laboratory experiments that the designed AGV tracks the guide path withen the range of 3.2[cm] deviation.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.229-234
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• 2002

Immune system is an evolutionary biological system to protect Innumerable foreign materials such as virus, germ cell, and et cetera. Immune algorithm is the modeling of this system'response that has adaptation and reliableness when disturbance occur. In this paper, immune algorithm controller was proposed to control four wheels steering(4ws) Automated Guided vehicle(AGV) in container yard. And then the simulation result was analysed and compared with the results of NN-PID controller.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.313-324
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• 1996

A new policy to determine the waiting position of an idle Automated Guided Vehicle(AGV) is proposed and its performance is compared with the existing waiting position policies. Unlike the existing policies, the queue length in the input buffer is considered in the new policy. As a result, the waiting position based on the new policy depends on the status of the system. The simulation result indicates that the proposed policy reduces the waiting time in both the input and the output buffers significantly, regardless of the number of AGVs in the system. Therefore, the manufacturing lead time can be minimized.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제24권62호
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• pp.97-109
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• 2001

This research is concerned with jobshop scheduling problem for an advanced manufacturing system like flexible manufacturing which consists of two machine centers and a single automated guided vehicle(AGV). The objective is to develop and evaluate heuristic scheduling procedures that minimize makespan to be included travel time of AGV. A new heuristic algorithm is proposed and illustrates the proposed algorithm. The heuristic algorithm is implemented for various cases by SLAM II. The results show that the proposed algorithm provides better solutions in reduction ratio and frequency than the previous algorithm.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권10호
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• pp.1915-1923
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• 2011

For automated guidance control of a magnetically guided-all wheel steered vehicle, it is necessary to have information about position and orientation of the vehicle, and deviations from the reference path in real time. The magnet reference system considered here consists of three magnetic sensors mounted on the vehicle and magnetic markers, which are non-equidistantly buried in the road. This paper presents an observer to estimate such position and orientation at the center of gravity of the vehicle. This algorithm is based on the simple kinematic model of vehicle and uses the data of wheel velocity, steering angle, and the discrete measurements of marker positions. Since this algorithm requires the exact values of initial states, we have also proposed an algorithm of determining the initial position and orientation from the 16 successive magnet pole data, which are given by the magnetic measurement system(MMS). The proposed algorithm is capable of continuing to estimate for the case that the magnetic sensor fail to measure up to three successive magnets. It is shown through experimental data that the proposed algorithm works well within permissible error range.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-25
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• 1999

There is a worldwide trend to automate the handling operations in port container terminals in an effort to improve productivity and reduce labor cost. This study iscusses how to apply an AGV(automated guided vehicle) system to the handling of containers in the yard of a port container ter-minal. The main issue of this paper is how to assign tasks of container delivery to AGVs during ship operations in an automated port container terminal. A dual-cycle operation is assumed in which the loading and the discharging operation can be performed alternately. Mixed integer linear program-ming formulations are suggested for the dispatching problem. The completion time of all the dis-charging and loading operations by a quayside crane is minimized, and the minimization of the total travel time of AGVs is also considered as a secondary objective. A heuristic method using useful properties of the dispatching problem is suggested to reduce the computational time. The perfor-mance of the heuristic algorithm is evaluated in light of solution quality and computation time.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 1999년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.315-320
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• 1999

Obstacle Detection System(ODS) is a essential system for automated vehicle, such as AGV(Automatic Guided Vehicle), mobile robot. Automated vehicle must have a capability to detect and to avoid obstacles to guarantee a safe driving condition. To implement obstacle detection system, virtual bumper concept adapted. Like real bumper in a car, such as in the truck, it protects vehicle from collision using laser distance sensor. When an obstacle(such as other vehicle, building, etc) intrudes this virtual bumper area, a virtual force is calculated and produces necessary strategy to be able to avoid collision. In this paper, simplified virtual bumper concept is presented, and various problems when happens to implement are discussed.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2014

In this study, the unmanned vehicle to develop a preliminary step, we were facilities for Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) simulator is designed and implemented. Industry is increasingly the more advanced automation and management systems need to be efficient. These studies are at least 24-hour continuous unmanned vehicles and personnel can result in reduction of labor costs. In addition, safety accidents can be minimized in the industry as an effect of intelligent AGV is essential. This study is the initial step for the development of AGV. manufactured simulator to Simulation and drives the performance of the system is evaluated. The configuration of the simulator, ultrasonic sensors, infrared sensors, and using the obstacle were to follow a given path. In addition, two-way communication between the host computer and the main processor that was. communication method that IEE802.11 meets the standard is applied to high-speed wireless LAN systems, each of the sensor information is calculated. AGV having a drive shaft 4 of the four wheels are respectively independent structure. AGV's main processor is driven using a high-performance DSP, and the controller controls the steering device of the load could be significantly reduced.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.25-43
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• 2005

자동화 컨테이너 터미널의 생산성을 향상시키기 위해서는 장치장과 선석 사이를 오가며 컨테이너를 운반하는 무인 유도 차량(Automated Guided Vehicle; AGV)을 효율적으로 운영하여야 한다. 터미널에서 사용되는 AGV는 고정된 경로를 따르지 않고 자유롭게 주행할 수 있다. 이러한 특성을 가진 AGV들을 효율적으로 운영하기 위해서는 복잡하고 정교한 AGV교통 통제 시스템이 요구된다. AGV 주행 경로를 유연하게 설정하면 AGV가 주행하는 거리는 짧아지지만, AGV간의 충돌과 교착을 야기하는 경로간의 겹침과 교차 횟수는 늘어나게 된다. 따라서 모든 AGV의 경로를 사전에 세밀하게 분석하여 완벽하게 교착을 회피하는 방안은 계산 비용 측면에서 실시간에 적용하기가 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 빈번히 발생하는 두 AGV간의 충돌과 교착은 사전에 예측하여 회피하고, 셋 이상의 AGV간의 교착은 발생 후에 이를 감지하여 해결하는 방안을 제안한다. 본 제안 방안은 계산 비용이 적어 실시간 적용이 용이하다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 본 제안 방안의 효율성과 효용성을 검증하였다.