• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2006

An automated carbonyl measurement system was constructed. Atmospheric carbonyl compounds were extracted onto DNPH containing collection solution while flowing through a glass coil. Each carbonyl species was separated on a HPLC column and quantified by UV absorption detector. Using this system, carbonyl compounds were continuously measured at the campus of Korea University in Seoul, Korea during June, 2005. Sampling resolution was 30 minutes and the detection limit of HCHO was 0.19 ppbv. Also, $\O_{3}$, it's precursors, and meteorological parameters were measured. The maximum, minimum, average, and median concentrations of HCHO during the whole experiment was 35.8 ppbv, 1.4 ppbv, 11.7 ppbv, and 9.3 ppbv respectively. Formaldehyde showed a distinct diurnal variation with a broad maximum around 13 $\sim$ 15, which was 1 $\sim$ 3 hours ahead of an ozone maximum. During a couple of days, however, HCHO concentrations were kept high through the night or increased concomitantly with NOx in the morning. These results imply that HCHO was mainly produced from the photochemical oxidation of VOCs, but local emission sources couldn't be ruled out. The differences between daily maximum and minimum of $O_{3}$ and HCHO were calculated for 11 days of June, when typical diurnal variations were observed for the two species. A strong positive correlation was found between $\Delta O_{3}$ and $\Delta HCHO$ and the average mole ratio of $\Delta HCHO$ to $\Delta O_{3}$ was 2.6. It indicates that formaldehyde played a key role in $\Delta O_{3}$ production as an indicator species in Metropolitan Seoul during June, 2005.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 2006

In this paper, we describe a bio-fluidic device for adaptive sample pretreatment, in order to optimize the conditions under which absorbance assays can be conducted. This device can be successfully applied to the measurement of Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentrations using adaptive dilution, with which the dilution ratio can be adjusted during the dilution. Although many attempts have been previously made to miniaturize complex biochemical analyses at the chip scale, very few sample pretreatment processes have actually been miniaturized or automated at this point. Due to the lack of currently available on-chip pretreatments, analytical instruments tend to suffer from a limited range of analysis. This occasionally hinders the direct and quantitative analysis of specific analyses obtained from real samples. In order to overcome these issues, we exploit two novel strategies: dilution with a programmable ratio, and to-and-fro mixing. The bio-fluidic device consists of a rectangular chamber constructed of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). This chamber has four openings, an inlet, an outlet, an air control, and an air vent. Each of the dilution cycles is comprised of four steps: detection, liquid drain, buffer injection, and to-and-fro mixing. When using adaptive sample pretreatment, the range in which E. coli concentrations can be measured is broadened, to an optical density (O.D.) range of $0.3{\sim}30$. This device may prove useful in the on-line monitoring of cell concentrations, in both fermenter and aqueous environments.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.237-241
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• 2001

Three STR loci (STRX1[AGAT]$_{n}$, HPRTB[AGAT]$_{n}$ and ARA[AGC]$_{n}$) on X chromosome and three other STR loci (DYS390[CTG(A)T]$_{n}$, DYS392[ATT]$_{n}$ and DYS39［GATA]$_{n}$) on Y chromosome were analyzed in 154 unrelated healthy Korean subjects. Four loci (STRX1, HPRTB, DYS390 and DYS393) were amplified by quadruplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using fluorescent labeled primers (FLP). ARA and DYS392 were amplified separately using single PCR, similarly by using FLP. They were then run in an automated DNA sequencer and were analyzed with Genescan software. We found 7 alleles (308-332 bp) in STRX1, 7 alleles (275-299 bp) in HPRTB, 16 alleles (252-315 bp) in ARA, 6 alleles (203-223 bp) in DYS390, 7 alleles (245-263bp) in DYS392 and 5 alleles (116-132 bp) in DYS393. The ＊13(34%), ＊13(5l%), ＊23 (l8%), ＊23(50%), ＊14(39%) and ＊13(40%) alleles were observed to be the highest frequencies of STRX1, HPRTB, ARA, DYS390, DYS392 and DYS393, respectively. The detection of STR loci on sex chromosomes by quadruplex PCR allows simple determination of sex and identification of an individual. individual.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.315-330
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• 2017

Halo coronal mass ejections (CMEs) originating from solar activities give rise to geomagnetic storms when they reach the Earth. Variations in the geomagnetic field during a geomagnetic storm can damage satellites, communication systems, electrical power grids, and power systems, and induce currents. Therefore, automated techniques for detecting and analyzing halo CMEs have been eliciting increasing attention for the monitoring and prediction of the space weather environment. In this study, we developed an algorithm to sense and detect halo CMEs using large angle and spectrometric coronagraph (LASCO) C3 coronagraph images from the solar and heliospheric observatory (SOHO) satellite. In addition, we developed an image processing technique to derive the morphological and dynamical characteristics of halo CMEs, namely, the source location, width, actual CME speed, and arrival time at a 21.5 solar radius. The proposed halo CME automatic analysis model was validated using a model of the past three halo CME events. As a result, a solar event that occurred at 03:38 UT on Mar. 23, 2014 was predicted to arrive at Earth at 23:00 UT on Mar. 25, whereas the actual arrival time was at 04:30 UT on Mar. 26, which is a difference of 5 hr and 30 min. In addition, a solar event that occurred at 12:55 UT on Apr. 18, 2014 was estimated to arrive at Earth at 16:00 UT on Apr. 20, which is 4 hr ahead of the actual arrival time of 20:00 UT on the same day. However, the estimation error was reduced significantly compared to the ENLIL model. As a further study, the model will be applied to many more events for validation and testing, and after such tests are completed, on-line service will be provided at the Korean Space Weather Center to detect halo CMEs and derive the model parameters.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.293-302
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• 2015

Halonitromethanes (HNMs) are one of the most toxic groups of disinfection by-products. Recently, various studies have been fulfilled. An automated headspace-solid phase microextraction (SPME) gas chromatography/electron capture detector (GC-ECD) technique was developed for routine analysis of 9 HNMs in water samples. The optimization of the method is discussed. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantification (LOQ) range from 90 ng/L to 260 ng/L and from 270 ng/L to 840 ng/L for 9 HNMs, respectively. Matrix effects in tap water and sea water were investigated and it was shown that the method is suitable for the analysis of trace levels of HNMs, in a wide range of waters. The method developed in the present study has the advantage of being rapid, simple and sensitive.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.10 no.3 s.21
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• pp.41-51
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• 2002

Recently, many studies extracting the geography information using digital aerial image have been implemented. But it is very difficult that automatically recognizing objects using edge detection method on the aerial image, and so that work have practiced manually or semi-automatically. Therefore, in this study, we have removed impedimental elements for recognition using the image which overlapped the significant information bands of brightness-sliced aerial images, then have developed the algorithm which can automatically recognize and extract road information and we will try to apply that method when we develope a system. For this, first of all, we have developed the 'template conformal-transformation moving operator' for automatically recognizing crosswalk area from crosswalk band image and the 'window normal search algorithm' which is able to track road area based on long-side length of crosswalk, so that we have proposed the method that can extract directly the road information from the aerial image.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.125-133
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• 2016

Objective: The aim of this study is to figure out the level of Functional Movement Screen (FMS) of 122 automobile manufacturing workers and to set the FMS score for predicting risk of musculoskeletal disorders. Background: Although today's industrial sites have been becoming automated rapidly, the risks of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) have been on the rise. In the case of WMSDs, it is important to control WMSDs at the early stage. Early detection of WMSDs is very important for the successful treatment. However, the medical examination puts a great financial burden on most workers. To reduce their burden, there is one test to check the musculoskeletal functional condition and to predict the risk of injury, which is called FMS. Method: This research tested the FMS score of 122 workers at a motor company, and also conducted a questionnaire survey of individual characteristics and job characteristics. Results: For the 122 subjects, the average score of FMS is $14.63{\pm}2.27$. There is a negative correlation between FMS and their ages and BMI (p <0.05). FMS is higher when exercising regularly (p <0.05). The FMS scores of musculoskeletal disorder patients are lower than those of normal workers (p <0.05). While it is more likely to become a musculoskeletal disorder patient when FMS score is less than 14, it is more likely to become a normal worker when FMS score is more than or equal to 14. Conclusion: According to the result of FMS test, there is a score difference between individuals with musculoskeletal disorders and normal ones. FMS scores can also predict and identify workers with risk of the musculoskeletal disorders. Application: According to this study, FMS can be expected to have a positive effect on the prevention of WMSDs in worksites.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 2017

Recently, identification of the extremely stressed condition of children is an essential skill for real-time recognition of a dangerous situation because incidents of children have been dramatically increased. In this paper, therefore, we present a model based on machine learning techniques for stress status identification of a child by using bio-signals such as voice and heart rate that are major factors for presenting a child's emotion. In addition, a smart band for collecting such bio-signals and a mobile application for monitoring child's stress status are also suggested. Specifically, the proposed method utilizes stress patterns of children that are obtained in advance for the purpose of training stress status identification model. Then, the model is used to predict the current stress status for a child and is designed based on conventional machine learning algorithms. The experiment results conducted by using a real-world dataset showed that the possibility of automated detection of a child's stress status with a satisfactory level of accuracy. Furthermore, the research results are expected to be used for preventing child's dangerous situations.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.54.3-55
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• 2016

DEEP-South Scheduling and Data reduction System (DS SDS) consists of two separate software subsystems: Headquarters (HQ) at Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI), and SDS Data Reduction (DR) at Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI). HQ runs the DS Scheduling System (DSS), DS database (DB), and Control and Monitoring (C&M) designed to monitor and manage overall SDS actions. DR hosts the Moving Object Detection Program (MODP), Asteroid Spin Analysis Package (ASAP) and Data Reduction Control & Monitor (DRCM). MODP and ASAP conduct data analysis while DRCM checks if they are working properly. The functions of SDS is three-fold: (1) DSS plans schedules for three KMTNet stations, (2) DR performs data analysis, and (3) C&M checks whether DSS and DR function properly. DSS prepares a list of targets, aids users in deciding observation priority, calculates exposure time, schedules nightly runs, and archives data using Database Management System (DBMS). MODP is designed to discover moving objects on CCD images, while ASAP performs photometry and reconstructs their lightcurves. Based on ASAP lightcurve analysis and/or MODP astrometry, DSS schedules follow-up runs to be conducted with a part of, or three KMTNet telescopes.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.59-74
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• 2020

The web space where web applications run is the cyber information warfare of attackers and defenders due to the open HTML. In the cyber attack space, about 84% of worldwide attacks exploit vulnerabilities in web applications and software. It is very difficult to detect web vulnerability attacks with security products such as web firewalls, and high labor costs are required for security verification and assurance of web applications. Therefore, rapid vulnerability detection and response in web space by automated software is a key and effective cyber attack defense strategy. In this paper, we establish a security risk management model by intensively analyzing security threats against web applications and software, and propose a method to effectively diagnose web and application vulnerabilities. The testing results on the commercial service are analyzed to prove that our approach is more effective than the other existing methods.