• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2009

Ficus deltoidea Jack is an important and popular medicinal plant species found in the Malaysia. Plants are being collected and used based on morphology and authentication to prevent adulteration is not in practice. In this study, twenty-six accessions of F. deltoidea Jack were collected from Kelantan and Terengganu states of Peninsular Malaysia to examine their genetic similarities and differences using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. Out of 20 arbitrary primers, two primers (D-10 and D-11) were selected which produced reliable DNA polymorphism. D-10 and D-11 primers generated 138 RAPD bands ranging from 250 bp to 3000 bp. Ninety-nine of them were polymorphic loci (72%) and thirty-nine were nonpolymorphic loci (28%). A total of 56 bands with polymorphic loci were amplified with primer D-10 and analyzed by cluster analysis and UPGMA to present a dendrogram depicting the degree of genetic relationship among 26 accessions. Eight RAPD markers were sequenced to determine their identity. RAPD analysis showed the genetic diversity among 26 accessions of F. deltoidea Jack. The RAPD profile and RAPD marker sequences reported in this paper could be used in plant and/or plant material authentication. This study also suggested that RAPD can be a useful technique to study DNA polymorphism in F. deltoidea Jack.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.757-758
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• 2015

The digital watermark is one of important techniques to solve copyright authentication problems of digital media. Researches on the digital watermark are rapidly increasing in various media. The watermark system can resist some attacks such as signal attack, geometric attack and protocol attach. However, so far the robustness of the watermark needs to be improved. This paper suggests a watermarking technique with which a watermark is embedded on a coefficient of wavelet-based frequency band and extracted from it for protection of property rights and authentication of Blackfin processor-based digital sound. By carrying out hardware implementation of the suggested sound watermarking, the commercialization of protection of property rights and robustness of watermarks resulted from development of high-level programs can be confirmed.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.1038-1044
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• 2006

Tunneling technique does a role to network authentication or the preservation support of date at high-speed network In order to this, IPsec, SOCKS V5 or GRE tunneling protocol have been using. This paper embodies the offer base of communication service by changing routing route to special IP band for connection interception of harmful service md according to user's needs, by changing routing route to special service at high-speed network. So we measure and analysis action principle of GRE with GRE protocol, the result apply to a service of connection control and authentication base.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.16C no.6
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• pp.669-680
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• 2009

By identifying the unique information of the objects using the RF, the RFID technique which will be able to manage the object is spot-lighted as the main technology in Ubiquitous era. On RFID systems, since the information of RFID may easily be unveiled in air, the secure and privacy problems always exist. In this paper, we propose mutual authentication protocol based on symmetric key. Proposed protocol has been able to minimize the tag's H/W resource by using symmetric key. And we use tag ID which is encrypted with hash function and a shared symmetric key by Challenge-Response pair of PUF(Physically Unclonable Function), thus there is no key disclosure problem in our protocol.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.4912-4917
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• 2015

Fragile watermarking is a technique to insert a watermark into an image without significantly degrading its visual quality so that the watermark can be extracted for the purposes of authentication or integrity verification. And the watermark for authentication and integrity verification should be erased easily when the image is changed by filtering etc. In this paper, we propose a image block-wise watermarking method for image tamper proofing using digital signature. In the proposed method, a digital signature is generated from the hash code of the initialized image block. And The proposed method is able to detect the tampered parts of the image without testing the entire block of the watermarked image.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.805-810
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• 2012

Recently, applications range of NFC is widening by popularization of smartphone. Expansion of NFC means generalization of electronic payments systems. So security of NFC is very important. AES-128 is safe cryptographic technique for NFC now in use. But, the more range of applications increases, the more safe cryptographic techniques are necessary. In this paper, we propose the safe method is unaffected by the development of NFC. Proposed A-NFC scheme, adding the authentication of asymmetric cryptographic, is easy to apply for NFC and NFC-USIM chipsets, and it can adapt to the general NFC environment.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.13C no.5 s.108
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• pp.595-600
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• 2006

Nowadays, low-cost radio frequency identification (RFID) technique, is recognizable without the physical contact between the reader and the tag, has been attracting more and more interests from both industry and academic institutes. however, it causes the serious privacy infringement such as excessive information exposure and user's location information tracking due to the wireless characteristics. The security problem of read only tag can be only solved by physical method. In this paper, we propose a low-cost authentication protocol which can be adopted for read-only RFID tag using XOR and Partial ID. The proposed protocol is secure against reply attacking, eavesdropping and spoofing attacking so that avoiding the location privacy exposure

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.1088-1094
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• 2010

Image authentication algorithms have to discriminate forged contents in the various critical fields of military, medical services, digital documents. They must ensure perceptual invisibility and fragility against malicious attacks. It is desirable that watermarking algorithms support sufficient insertion capacity and blind feature. And, high reliable algorithms that can eliminate false-positive and false-negative errors are needed in the watermark extraction process. In this paper, we control coefficients of high frequency band in a DCT domain and compensate brightness histogram for high reliability. As a result, we found that the proposed algorithm guarantee various requirements such as perceptual invisibility with high PSNR values, fragility, high reliability and blind feature. In addition, experiment results show that the proposed algorithm can be used steganographic applications by sufficient capacity of watermark.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.7C
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• pp.755-761
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• 2006

Previous RFID technique, it is recognizable without the physical contact between the reader and the tag, causes the serious privacy infringement such as excessive information exposure and user's location information tracking due to the wireless characteristics. Especially the information security problem of read only tag is solved by physical method. In this paper, we propose a low-cost mutual authentication protocol which is adopted to read-only tag and secure to several attacks using XOR and Partial ID. The proposed protocol is secure against reply attacking, eavesdropping, spoofing attacking and location tracking.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.17-22
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• 2014

Wireless Ad hoc Network is threatened from many types of attacks because of its open structure, dynamic topology and the absence of infrastructure. Attacks by malicious nodes inside the network destroy communication path and discard packet. The damage is quite large and detecting attacks are difficult. In this paper, we proposed attack detection technique using secure authentication infrastructure for efficient detection and prevention of internal attack nodes. Cluster structure is used in the proposed method so that each nodes act as a certificate authority and the public key is issued in cluster head through trust evaluation of nodes. Symmetric Key is shared for integrity of data between the nodes and the structure which adds authentication message to the RREQ packet is used. ns-2 simulator is used to evaluate performance of proposed method and excellent performance can be performed through the experiment.