• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.409-420
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a measurement scale for evaluating the auditory affect of automobile engine sounds. Methods: In order to collect affective vocabulary, literature review, user tests, and expert interviews were conducted. Affective vocabulary related to automobile engine sounds was selected through three methods. To develop the evaluation scale, open/close card-sorting and expert interview-based survey method was used. Results: The results of this study are as follows; In order to select the main affective vocabulary from the collected vocabulary, 39 vocabularies with a frequency of 5 or higher were selected as vocabulary expressing the main auditory affect of automobile engine sounds. Each affective vocabulary is divided into three di- mensions, it was confirmed that the conceptual model for the auditory affect of automobile engine sounds is composed of three levels: intuitive, descriptive, and evaluative of hierarchical structure. As a result of the study, four indices of intuitive dimension, seven indices of descriptive dimension, and one index of evaluative dimension were derived from the evaluation scale of the auditory affect in an automobile engine sound. Conclusion: The auditory evaluation scale developed in this study can be used to systematically measure and evaluate the auditory affect of automobile engine sounds.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.2378-2387
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• 2017

Violinists learn to make better sounds by hearing and evaluating their own playing though numerous practice. This study proposes a new method of auditory feedback, which mimics this violinists' step and verifies its efficiency using experiments. Making the desired sound quality of a violin is difficult without auditory feedback even though an expert violinist plays. An algorithm for controlling a robot arm of violin playing robot is determined based on correlations with bowing speed, bowing force, and sound point that determine the sound quality of a violin. The bowing speed is estimated by the control command of the robot arm, where the bowing force and the sound point are recognized by using a two-axis load cell and a photo interrupter, respectively. To improve the sound quality of a violin playing robot, the sounds information is obtained by auditory feedback system applied Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT) to the sounds from a violin. This study suggests Gaussian-Harmonic-Quality (GHQ) uses sounds' clarity, accuracy, and harmonic structure in order to decide sound quality, objectively. Through the experiments, the auditory feedback system improved the performance quality by the robot accordingly, changing the bowing speed, bowing force, and sound point and determining the quality of robot sounds by GHQ sound quality evaluation system.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.29-34
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• 2013

This study attempted to compare usability of auditory interfaces, which is a comprehensive concept that includes safety, utility, effectiveness, and efficiency, in personal computing environments: verbal messages (speech sounds), earcons (musical sounds), and auditory icons (natural sounds). This study hypothesized that verbal messages would offer higher usability than earcons and auditory icons, since the verbal messages are easy to interpret and understand based on semiotic process. In this study, usability was measured by a set of seven items: ability to inform what the program is doing, relevance to visual interfaces, degree of stimulation, degree of understandability, perceived time pressure, clearness of sound outputs, and degrees of satisfaction. Through the experimental research, the results showed that verbal messages provided the highest level of usability. On the contrary, auditory icons showed the lowest level of usability, as they require users to establish new coding schemes, and thus demand more mental effort from users.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.7-12
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• 2005

A ship can be considered as a large human-machine system and the interaction between worker and system affects the work performed and its efficiency. Inside the bridge of a ship, there exist many auditory signals as well as visual signals. However, only a few studies have been performed related to human recognition to alarm systems in bridge. In this study, auditory icons and abstract sounds are compared to find more effective means of alarm systems. the study result shows tint auditory icons are recognized faster than abstract sounds. This result is expected to be used as a basic data for developing performance criteria of auditory display inside bridge and for designing integrated ship bridge alarm system.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.3E
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• pp.19-24
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• 2000

The present research examined the contribution of sounds′ familiarity to auditory distance perception, while attempting to control the influences of unavoidable physical characteristics among sounds. Different vocal "styles" ("shouts", "whispers" and "a normal conversation") of man and woman were recorded digitally and presented from a stationary loudspeaker to blindfolded listeners in a semi anechoic chamber. Playback levels were adjusted to remove extraneous sound level cues. The results showed that the shouting voice was judged as appearing farthest, the whispering voice closest, and the conversational voice was intermediate. The findings suggested that the perception of auditory distance may be affected by past experience (or familiarity).

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.3E
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• pp.33-39
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• 2000

This study investigated whether the adjacency principle. demonstrated in a perceived visual space, can be applied to auditory space. In order to demonstrate an auditory adjacency principle, multiple sound sources were varied in direction and distance in an acoustically absorbant space. Specifically, a NEAR sound source was located 10° to the left of the listener's midline at a distance of 2 meters; a FAR sound source was located 10° to the right at a distance of 5 meters. These sources served as perceptual reference points with respect to the localization of three test sounds, all at a distance of 3 meters. Two of three test sounds were directionally closer to the NEAR and FAR reference sounds, respectively. The other was between the reference sources directionally. The listener was asked to judge the perceived distances and the loudness of the three test sounds and the two reference sounds. The results indicated that the apparent distances of the test sounds were most determined by the disparity of distance between each test sound and the reference sound most directionally adjacent to it. Therefore, the findings offer evidence that the adjacency principle can be applied to the auditory space.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.11 no.1 s.22
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• pp.11-16
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• 2005

A ship can be considered as a large human-machine system and the interaction between worker and system affects the work performance and its efficiency. In the bridge if a ship, there exist many auditory signals as well as visual signals. However, only a few studies have been performed related to human recognition to alarm systems in the bridge. In this study, auditory icons and abstract sounds are compared to find more effective means if alarm systems. The study result shows that auditory icons are recognized faster than n abstract sounds. The result is expected to be use as a basic data for developing performance criteria q auditory display inside bridge and for designing integrated ship bridge alarm system.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to scientifically examine Kuhl's (2011), originally Johnson and Newport's (1989) critical period graph, from a perspective of auditory perception and linguistic discrimination. This study utilizes two types of experiments (auditory perception and linguistic phoneme discrimination) with five different age groups (5 years, 6-8 years, 9-13 years, 15-17 years, and 20-26 years) of Korean English learners. Auditory perception is examined via ultrasonic sounds that are commonly used in the medical field. In addition, each group is measured in terms of their ability to discriminate minimal pairs in Chinese. Since almost all Korean students already have some amount of English exposure, the researchers selected phonemes in Chinese, an unexposed foreign language for all of the subject groups. The results are almost completely in accordance with Kuhl's critical period graph for auditory perception and linguistic discrimination; a sensitive age is found at 8. The results show that the auditory capability of kindergarten children is significantly better than that of other students, measured by their ability to perceive ultrasonic sounds and to distinguish ten minimal pairs in Chinese. This finding strongly implies that human auditory ability is a key factor for the sensitive period of language acquisition.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.883-889
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• 2011

The brand sound of vehicle diesel engine is recently one of the important advantage strategies in the automotive company. Because various noise components masked under high frequency level can be audible in quieter driving situation. Many researches have been carried out for subjective and objective assessments on vehicle sounds and noises. In particular, the interior sound quality has been one of research fields that can give high quality feature to vehicle products. Vehicle interior noise above 500 Hz is usually controlled by sound package parts. The materials and geometries of sound package parts directly affect on this high frequency noise. This paper describes the sound quality evaluation method for the vehicle diesel engine noise to establish objective criteria for sound quality assessment. Considering the sensitivity of human hearing to impulsive sounds such as diesel noise, the human auditory mechanism was simulated by introducing temporal masking in the time domain. Furthermore, each of the human auditory organs was simulated by computer codes, providing reasonable analytical explanations of typical human hearing responses to diesel noise. This method finally provides the sound quality index of vehicle diesel engine noise that includes high frequency intermittent offensive sounds caused by impacting excitations of combustion and piston slap.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.481-491
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to interpret the evaluation structure of auditory images about streetscapes in urban area on the basis of the semantic view of soundscapes. Using the caption evaluation method. which is a new method, from 2001 to 2005, a total of 45 college students participated in a fieldwork to find out the images of sounds while walking on the main streets of Namwon city. It was able get various data which include elements, features, impressions, and preferences about auditory scene. In Namwon city, the elements of the formation of auditory images are classified into natural sound and artificial sound which include machinery sounds, community sounds. and signal sounds. Also, the features of the auditory scene are classified by kind of sound, behavior, condition, character, relationship of circumference and image. Finally, the impression of auditory scene is classified into three categories, which are the emotions of humans, atmosphere of the streets, and the characteristics of the sound itself. From the relationship between auditory scene and estimation, the elements, features and impressions of auditory scene consist of the items which are positive, neutral, and negative images. Also, it was able to grasp the characteristics of auditory image of place or space through the evaluation model of streetscapes in Namwon city.