• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.342-352
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• 2016

Purpose: This study conducted an Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) of selective attributes of Home Meal Replacement (HMR) as well as it examined the consumers' needs and willingness to buy HMR products to explore the need for developing more HMR products. Methods: This study was conducted among domestic consumers living in Seoul and its metropolitan areas, in the age range from the 20s to the 50s, and who had experience in purchasing HMR products. From the 490 surveys retrieved, 472 (96.3%) valid surveys were analyzed. Results: The analysis of the frequency of consuming HMR products showed the following results: 247 respondents answered '1-3 times a month' (52.3%); 167 respondents stated '1-2 times a week' (35.3%). With respect to the reason of purchase, 'simplicity of the recipe' was the most common, accounting for 188 respondents (39.8%), followed by 'time efficiency' accounting for 172 respondents (36.4%). Analysis of the demand for bibimbap (mixed rice) HMR products showed that 'chicken bibimbap' had the highest preference with 5.32 points, followed by 'bulgogi bibimbap' (5.08 points), and 'kimchi bibimbap' (4.96 points). In the case of HMR products that need to undergo further development, 'low-sodium products' received the highest points of 5.41 points, followed by 'small packaged products' (5.05 points), and 'functional products' (4.98 points). The factor analysis of the 13 selective attributes showed that they can be divided into 3 factors. The IPA analysis of the selective attributes of HMRs showed 'hygiene', 'taste', 'easy to go packaging', 'convenience in intake', and 'accessibility' in the 1st quadrant. In the 2nd quadrant, 'price' and 'freshness' were shown as the factors. In the 3rd quadrant, 'easy to serve', 'familiar food menu', and 'consistent menu' were shown as the leading factors, and in the 4th quadrant, 'saving labor' was the only factor. Conclusion: Based on these results, the research concludes that with respect to developing HMR products, there is a high demand for low sodium, low calorie, small packaged products; thus, showing the need to develop various HMR products for customer satisfaction. Furthermore, it shows that there is a need to consider developing HMR products that can maintain freshness at an affordable price.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.932-941
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• 2015

An aging population and increasing consumer demand for high-quality and innovative new products are key drivers for growth in the cosmeceutical industry. Cosmeceuticals are defined as products with biologically active ingredients that have a measurable effect on the user. This study explored the effects of shopping orientation and store attributes on impulse buying behavior for cosmeceuticals. We obtained 437 usable questionnaires from university students who had purchased cosmeceutical products. Data analysis was conducted using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling analysis via AMOS 18.0. The findings were: 1) hedonic shopping orientation and convenience shopping orientation had positive effects on product efficacy and promotion of the cosmeceutical store 2) brand shopping orientation had a positive effects on store atmospheric, skin care service, and brand of the cosmeceuticals store and 3) product efficacy and promotion of store attributes had a direct effect on impulse buying behavior for cosmeceuticals. Consumers who tended to enjoy the shopping to refresh themselves and to experience convenient shopping were likely to purchase cosmeceuticals impulsively, which mediated by the store attributes (product efficacy and promotion). Therefore, we confirmed partly causal relationships among the shopping orientation, store attributes, and impulse buying behavior of cosmeceuticals. Both managerial and theoretical implication for practitioners and researchers were discussed for managing product information more efficiently along with promotion strategies to trigger cosmeceuticals consumers in the context of shopping.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.844-855
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• 2010

An important issue for the improvement of product quality is to identify and understand the customer-required attributes of a product. This paper identifies and analyzes customer-required attributes of formal knitwear for middle age and elderly women through the use of the Kano model in order to develop competitive products. Various research methods were used in this study. Customer voices for formal knitwear were collected by means of brainstorming and in-depth interviews. The collected customer voices were transformed into customer-required attributes with the use of an affinity diagram. In addition, the data was collected by means of a questionnaire and was statistically analyzed to examine the dimensions of customer-required attributes on the basis of the Kano model. The results are as follows. Five categories of customer-required attributes were identified (symbolism, aesthetic, fitness, usefulness, and maintenance). The analysis based on the Kano model identifies a strong one-dimensional quality in all of the categories of customer-required attributes and the attractive quality that includes a one-dimensional quality in the categories of fitness and usefulness. The findings of this study demonstrate the applicability of the affinity diagram for apparel that educates formal knitwear developers of the customer-required attributes that they should strategically focus on in order to develop competitive products.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.213-220
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• 2001

This paper presents the interrelationship between software quality character and engineering attributes. The software quality characteristics and subcharacteristics are excerpted from IS0/IEC 9126 standards, and the engineering attributes are from Deutsch and Willis〔4〕. Based on the previous studies a subjective judgement, trisected interrelationship(strong, medium, weak) bet these two groups are derived. The results are summarized in a table, and can be used as a quick reference guide to the software quality engineering application such as quality evaluations for software products, selection of key engineering attributes for high-quality software production, and so forth.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.509-519
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use behavior and satisfaction of home-baking premix products. A total of 275 questionnaires were completed and statistically analyzed by the SPSS 14.0 package. The reasons for home-baking were : fun(33.8%), quality time with the family(33.8%), and distrust in foodstuffs(13.5%). The respondents(38.9%) used home-baking premix products 2~3 times per year. And the respondents purchased home-baking premix products primarily for snack foods(83.3%). Among the selection attributes of home-baking premix products, the respondents considered the importance of 'sanitation'(m=4.16) a top priority, followed by 'taste'(m=4.15), 'ease of use'(m=4.12), 'detailed instructions' (m=4.05), 'quality of raw materials'(m=4.04), and 'origin'(m=3.91). However, in the case of satisfaction, 'ease of use' (m=3.81) was the most satisfying aspect, followed by 'detailed instructions'(m=3.67), 'sanitation'(m=3.56) and 'manufacturer' (m=3.48). According to importance-performance analysis(IPA), 'quality of raw materials' and 'origin', which were selection attributes, should be quickly improved. Also, 'taste', 'ease of use', 'detailed instructions' and 'sanitation' should be maintained. This survey found that the satisfaction levels for home-baking premix product selection attributes had a significant influence on overall satisfaction($F$=7.91, $p$ <0.001). In particular taste(${\beta}$=0.32, $t$=3.53, $p$ <0.001) had a meaningful effect on overall satisfaction. In addition, the satisfaction levels for home-baking premix product selection attributes affected repurchase intention($F$=8.61, $p$ <0.001).

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.511-525
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• 2014

This study set out to investigate consumers' attitudes toward pro-environment, and their actual purchasing behavior. It aimed to empirically examine the effects of the consumers' attitudes toward pro-environmental products, the importance of the product attributes and the perceived value of the companies' environmental activities, on their purchasing behavior of eco-friendly fashion products, including their satisfaction, trust, and repurchase intention. The questionnaires were administered on 304 married women with previous experience of buying eco-friendly fashion products. The results were as follows. First, the consumers' behavioral patterns in terms of environmental concerns and the purchasing of eco-friendly household items were significantly positive in relation to the purchasing behaviors of eco-friendly fashion products. Second, the importance of eco-friendly attributes was significantly positive in relation to the purchasing behaviors of eco-friendly fashion products. Third, the perceived value of corporate environmental activity was not related to the purchasing behaviors of eco-friendly fashion products. Finally, the purchasing behavior of eco-friendly fashion products was significantly positive in relation to the satisfaction with eco-friendly fashion products as well as the trust and repurchase intention, and satisfaction and trust positively affected the repurchase intention. The implication of the research and direction for future study were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.246-260
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• 2018

This study examined the customers' perception on Home Meal Replacement (HMR) products. Specifically, there were three research objectives: 1. to identify the customers' HMR purchase patterns and preference of HMR product development; 2. to identify the attributes of the HMR products that the customers perceive; and 3. to examine the customers' level of expectation-confirmation toward HMR product attributes according to the demographic characteristics. This study employed a self-administered survey that was distributed online from November 21~24, 2017. The sample of the study was the customers who had purchased HMR products in the six months prior to taking the survey. A total of 553 respondents completed the survey, which was used for data analysis. The results revealed the customers' HMR purchase patterns. The major HMR product type of purchase was ready to heat (52.6%), while the main reason for purchasing HMR products was convenience (83.2%). For the differences in the level of expectation-confirmation toward HMR products in accordance with the demographic characteristics of customers, the results indicated that there was a difference in the expectation-confirmation level according to age, whereas the respondents aged 29 and under showed a significantly higher level of time-saving for the preparation and ease of cooking (P<0.05) than the other age groups. In addition, there was a significant difference in the expectation-confirmation level for saving meal preparation time (P<0.05) and convenience (P<0.01) among the customer's occupation. These findings can provide the basis for a strategy for developing HMR products reflecting the rapidly changing customers' needs. HMR products should be developed according to the specific target market, as the study indicated that the respective customer segmentation resulted in a difference in their expectation toward HMR products.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1068-1082
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate empirically the consumer behavior regarding the purchase of millinery items in relation to their evaluation criterion and demographic characteristics. The survey was carried out to 395 individuals in their 20s and over who were quota sampled according to age and gender. The collected data were statistically treated with the SPSS 12.0 program in terms of descriptive statistics, cross tabulation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, factor analysis, Cronbach's $\alpha$ coefficient and Duncan-test. The 20s and 50s over were more interested in hat products than other ages. Female consumers obtained the most information about hat products from store visits, TV and magazines. On the other hand, male consumers had it from the acquaintances and internet. Younger consumers more often utilized internet to have it. Their main purchase location was department stores. The younger purchased it more in traditional market, the older purchased it more in mega wholesale market or discount store. The consumers of hat products considered the intrinsic classification most when buying hats. The evaluation criteria employed by them were aesthetics, quality, and external attributes. Hat consumers were more concerned about aesthetics attributes than the other two criteria. Female consumers and consumers who are more interested in the hat and have a higher level of education and income considered aesthetics attributes most important.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.193-207
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• 2008

This study analyzed the impact of the well-being trends and the attributes of the choice of the walnut-cookie on the consumer's purchasing intention. The results of this study would enhance newly revised product so that brand and product marketing strategy would be strengthened. This study also would contribute for the consumer related management through systematic and exploring research regarding consumers' expectation of products' values and trends. Specific results are as followings. Well-being oriented trends had various meanings such as "Commercial Well-being", "Eco-friendly Well-being", "Physical Well-being", and " Favors for leisure". Consumer's attributes of choice for the walnut-cookie were "Branding", "The Value of Traditional Food", "Environmental Position", and "The Function of Products". And the "Popularity", "Nutrition". and the "Service" were most preferred factors to be chosen. The multiple regression analysis was tried to test the impact of demographics, well-being trend, and the attributes of choice for walnut-cookie influence on the consumer's purchasing intention. The statistically significant factors were age, job, and leisure oriented consumer style of consumer's characteristics as well as corporation's brand strategy on a basis of marketing aspects. The younger groups, leisure pursing groups, and student groups showed the higher level of purchasing intention for the walnut-cookie compared to other groups.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.77-88
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• 2014

This study examined the cosmetic store attributes that japanese tourists evaluated when purchasing cosmetics in korean cosmetic stores and the effect of those attributes on satisfaction, repurchase intention and recommendation intention. The subjects of this study were 250 Japanese female tourists who had purchase experiences of Korean cosmetics in the stores. Data analysis was conducted using factor analysis, regression analysis, and ANOVA using SPSS 15.0. The result of this study was as follows: First, cosmetic store attributes for Japanese tourists were composed of four factors such as products, store's atmosphere, salesperson and sales promotion. Second, it was shown that the salesperson and store atmosphere attributes have positive effect on cosmetic store satisfaction. Third, it was shown that store satisfaction had a positive effect on both repurchase intention and recommendation intention. Fourth, Japanese tourists' satisfaction on cosmetic store depends on the frequency of visiting Korea, and preference of the Korean Wave.