• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.866-876
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• 2013

For the purpose of creating or maintaining a favorable customers' attitude tourism service firms use an advertising as a communication tool by changing ad-execution formats. Affective or informational ad-executions are normally applied for the service industry. In this study ad-attitude, products attitude, and purchase intention are tested whether the variables would be influenced by the ad-execution formats. As the result the study found that Ad-attitude influenced on product attitude but not on purchase intentions in the affective ad-execution format, whereas the Ad-attitude influenced both on product attitude and purchase intentions.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.178-186
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• 2009

The science writing is recognized for useful learning method to boost up scientific thinking for all class course as well as traditional lecture and experiment. Many researches say that science writing is helpful to extend students' science knowledge and scientific attitude. By the way, the researchers thought that science writing can also improve the science process skill if students participate in delicately organized learning program. In this study, we had contrived the teaching & learning strategy of science writing to improve science process skills. The learning program covers all field of Klopfer's process skills with various forms of writing; explaining writing, logical writing, critical writing, and creative writing. The learning program has been developed for 5th grade students in the regular classes in order to enhance science process skills as well as knowledge and scientific attitude. Not to miss any process skill or various kinds of writing, we used 3 dimensional frame. The axes of the frames are science process skills, forms of writing, and science curriculum contents. The students are given the final writing theme at the beginning of each chapter. They drill science process skills step by step during the classes, and have a chance to talk each other before the final writing. They practice writing skills from one sentence to full article by degrees. The effect of the program was examined by students' work and TSPS (Test of Science Process Skill). The result showed that 5th grade students had a meaningful progress in science process skills as well as knowledge and scientific attitude. we could confirm it with examining students' work in the class.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.265-272
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• 1996

In this paper, attitude computation algorithm for a strap down ARS(Attitude Reference System)of an underwater vehicle has been studied. Attitude errors o the ARS using low-level gyroscopes tend to increase with time due to gyroscope errors. To cope with this problem, a mixing algorithm of accelerometer aided attitude computation has been developed. The algorithm can successfully bound the error increase for cruising motion, but it gives instantaneously large errors when a vehicle maneuvers. To improve the performance in case of vehicle's maneuver, a new attitude computation mixing algorithm complying state of vehicle and to manage the adjustment of the gains which are invariant in the existing algorithm. In addition, a gain scheduling method is applied to fuzzy inference composition process for real-time computation. Monte Carlo simulation results show that the proposed algorithm provides better performance than the existing algorithm.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.7-20
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• 2017

MMORPG users can create their own identity that they will use to act through in the virtual world utilizing the avatar creation system. The MMORPG customization process, divided into the creation and transformation stages, provides a sandbox for the identity play by users. In this study, analysis of the users' customization attitudes using the Q methodology especially in the transformation stage was conducted. The users' attitudes were found to be categorized into 4 types: 1) fulfilling attitude, 2) customization immersed attitude, 3) customization challenging attitude, and 4) community oriented attitude. Of particular interest are the immersed customization type, where the attitude is driven by the internal motivation of "self-satisfaction" unlike the fulfillment and community oriented attitudes which are driven by instrumental motivation of the avatar, and the continuous desire towards transformation revealed by the challenging customization attitude. This study provides valuable insight in the design perspective for developers in instilling critical immersion elements to the users while preparing to update the level.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.31-46
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• 2009

An Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) for estimation of the attitude and rate of a spacecraft using only magnetometer vector measurement is developed. The attitude dynamics used in the estimation is the nonlinear Euler's rotational equation which is augmented with the quaternion kinematics to construct a process model. The filter is designed for small satellite in low Earth orbit, so the disturbance torques include gravity-gradient torque, magnetic disturbance torque, and aerodynamic drag torque. The magnetometer measurements are simulated based on time-varying position of the spacecraft. The filter has been tested not only in the standby mode but also in the detumbling mode. Two types of actuators have been modeled and applied in the simulation. The PD controller is used for the two types of actuators (reaction wheels and thrusters) to detumble the spacecraft. The estimation error converged to within 5 deg for attitude and 0.1 deg/s for rate respectively when the two types of actuators were used. A joint state parameter estimation has been tested and the effect of the process noise covariance on the parameter estimation has been indicated. Also, Monte-Carlo simulations have been performed to test the capability of the filter to converge with the initial conditions sampled from a uniform distribution. Finally, the UKF performance has been compared to that of the EKF and it demonstrates that UKF slightly outperforms EKF. The developed algorithm can be applied to any type of small satellites that are actuated by magnetic torquers, reaction wheels or thrusters with a capability of magnetometer vector measurements for attitude and rate estimation.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.55-65
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• 1998

This study was intended to suggest the desirable direction in the 7th national curriculum revision through the analysis of the elementary science textbooks in the 6th national curriculum. The analysis system was composed of three categories, (1)knowledge (2)inquiry process and (3)attitude. And knowledge was divided into fact, concept and rule. And inquiry process was divided into thirteen subcategories such as manipulating experimental apparatus, observing, measuring, recording data, classifying, interpreting/ predicting, determining relationship/ causal explanation, extrapolating/ interpolating, drawing conclusions/ formulating a generalization or model, evaluating, formulating a problem, generating a hypothesis and designing an experiment/ controlling variables. Each sentence in the textbooks was considered as an analyzing unit. The frequency and percentage of each category were counted and the ratios were calculated. The findings could be summarized as follows: 1. The content of the elementary science textbooks was composed of knowledge 10.3%, inquiry process 88.8%, attitude 0.8% respectively. 2. As increasing the grades, the ratio of knowledge showed high frequency, but that of attitude showed low frequency. 3. In All the grades, the ratio of observing was the highest in inquiry process. 4. In the domain of physics and chemistry, the manipulating experimental apparatus showed high frequency. In the domain of biology and earth science, the role of observing was emphasized.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.145-165
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate items for improving environmental education in elementary school for the more efficiency policies of environmental education. In this study, we investigated the relative importance of each items through Analytic Hierarchy Process for the various groups of the expert who is related with environmental education. We made hierarchical structure for efficiency education through brainstorming process. The hierarchical structure consisted of 3 high-level items and 8 low-level items. The questionnaires were distributed to 4 groups with 187 experts. After the consistency test of returned questionnaires, we gained 60 available questionnaires of experts. According to the generalization results of all groups, "The pro-environmental attitude of the teacher" is the most important. The second important thing is "The pro-environmental attitude of the schoolmaster" and the third is "Experiential learning and on-the-spot study concerning environment". And the following are "Budget for environmental education" and "Environmental education in discretionary activity", "Teaching materials for environmental education", "The cultivation of the experts on environmental education", "Environment event in school" in order. As the result, we have to intensify the pro-environmental attitude of the teachers and schoolmasters and develop experiential learning and on-the-spot study programs concerned environment to improve environmental education. At the same time, we need the more politic support related with budget for environmental education.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.2 s.86
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• pp.89-104
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to analyze the affecting factors on male salary workers' level of retirement planning. The focus was on the causal effects on salary workers' attitude toward retirement and their level of retirement planning. The major findings were as follows.: First, the salary worker's attitude toward retirement was neutral, neither positive nor negative, and they estimated their level of retirement planning relatively high. Second, the major factors affecting on attitude toward retirement were salary workers' age, their current economic status, and future perspectives for the post-retirement life. Third, the major affecting factors on level of retirement planning were salary workers' age, health status, and level of self-esteem, household net asset, savings and investment for elderly life, and attitude toward retirement. forth, the causal effects on the level of retirement planning was verified, and attitude toward retirement had direct effect as well as indirect effect on the level of retirement planning. From the findings, it can be concluded that the salary workers' attitude toward retirement played a important role in the process of retirement planning.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.45-56
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• 2019

Purpose - This study aimed at investigating the mediation roles of attitude dimensions in the effects of involvement type on hedonic product purchase intention and moderation role of lay rationalism in the effects of involvement type on attitude dimensions. Research design, data, and Methodology - "Wenjuanxing" was used online to make questionnaire, which was loaded on Wechat and QQ. 125 data were collected online in China. The Process macro model 58 including moderation of the two paths in the causal sequence was used to verify hypotheses. Results and Conclusions - First, cognitive (affective) involvement had positive effect on the utilitarian (hedonic) dimension of consumer attitude and the purchase intention. Second, hedonic dimension of attitude had positive effects on purchase intention, but utilitarian dimension of attitude had not significant positive effects on purchase intention. Third, Lay rationalism did decrease (did not increase) the positive effects of affective (cognitive) involvement on hedonic (utilitarian) dimension of attitude. Therefore Marketing managers should understand the differences between the cognitive involvement and affective involvement, and develop the ways by which they attract consumers to choose their hedonic product. And they should give affective (cognitive) information to the customers with low (high) rationalism consumers when they do marketing for their hedonic product.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.101-111
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• 2000

The present study was carried out to investigate the actual condition of the evaluation of science learning in the secondary school, and to develop the basic data for the improvement of the science learning assessment. Various questions for three evaluative domains were asked to 51 science teachers with the questionnaire during the in-service training course for certificate on summer in 1998. The cognition of the table of specification appeared high as 98% responses to the questionnaire, but the teachers' ability to distinguish behavioral elements was low as 47% responses. The evaluative rate of three domains for knowledge, skill and attitude appeared as 45%, 35% and 20% evaluation in both diagnostic and formative evaluation and 40%, 40% and 20% evaluation in summative evaluation. The evaluation of process skill appeared a tendency depending on laboratory reports as 61%, and was higher rather than in the formative evaluation or summative evaluation. In the evaluation of attitude domain, about a half of teachers answered that they evaluated the domain with laboratory reports as 43%, and some teachers evaluated the domain with teacher's observation as 33%. Also there were a few teachers who did not evaluate the attitude domain as 8%. The rate for the elements of the process skill appeared 86% responses in the interpretation of data, 31% in the observative ability, 18% in the predictive ability, 14% in the classified ability, 12% in the measuring and data-investigating ability, 4% in the discussion ability, and 2% in the investigating ability. We could find out that many teachers had given higher rate in the evaluation of process skill and attitude rather than before the present study, therefore there was more improvement in the evaluation for process skill and attitude domain after the 6th curriculum.