• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.403-410
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• 2018

The choice of attenuation relationships is one of the most important parts of seismic hazard analysis as using a different attenuation relationship will cause significant differences in the final result, particularly in near distances. This problem is responsible for huge sensibilities of attenuation relationships which are used in seismic hazard analysis. For achieving this goal, attenuation relationships require a good compatibility with the target region. Many researchers have put substantial efforts in their studies of strong ground motion predictions, and each of them had an influence on the progress of attenuation relationships. In this study, two attenuation relationships are presented using seismic data of Mazandaran province in the north of Iran by Genetic Expression Programming (GEP) algorithm. Two site classifications of soil and rock were considered regarding the shear wave velocity of top 30 meters of site. The quantity of primary data was 93 records; 63 of them were recorded on rock and 30 of them recorded on soil. Due to the shortage of records, a regression technique had been used for increasing them. Through using this technique, 693 data had been created; 178 data for soil and 515 data for rock conditions. The Results of this study show the observed PGA values in the region have high correlation coefficients with the predicted values and can be used in seismic hazard analysis studies in the region.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제34권9호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2018

감쇠식을 이용한 지진재해평가는 다양한 사회기반시설을 대상으로 한 프로젝트에 널리 수행된다. 이에 따라, 다양한 지반 조건에서의 최대지반가속도 예측을 위한 수많은 감쇠식과 관련 연구들이 수십 년에 걸쳐 이루어졌다. 하지만 기존에 제시된 대부분의 감쇠식들은 일반적으로 토층 상부 30m에 대한 평균 전단파 속도를 지반 분류의 기준으로 적용하여 다양한 지반 조건에서의 지진 규모나 최대지반가속도를 예측할 수 있도록 제시되어 터널이나 원자력 발전소와 같이 기반암을 기초로 하여 건설되는 특수한 유형의 사회기반시설물에 적용하기에는 불확실성을 지니고 있었다. 본 연구에서는 일본에서 측정된 데이터를 기반으로 암반 조건에서의 최대지반가속도 예측이 가능한 개선된 상관관계를 제시하였으며, 산출된 결과를 기존에 제시된 감쇠식을 통해 계산된 결과와 비교하였다. 분석결과, 기존에 제시된 감쇠식들을 통해 최대지반가속도를 예측할 경우, 200km 미만의 거리 내에 위치한 암반지역에서의 최대지반가속도를 상대적으로 과소 예측 하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방재학회 2009년도 정기 학술발표대회
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• pp.43-50
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• 2009

Strong ground motion attenuation relationship represents a comprehensive trend of ground shakings at sites with distances from the source, geology, local soil conditions, and others. It is necessary to develop an attenuation relationship with careful considerations of characteristics of the target area for reliable seismic hazard/risk assessments. In the study, observed ground motions from the January 2007 magnitude 4.9 Odaesan earthquake and the events occurring in the Gyeongsang provinces are compared with the previously proposed ground attenuation relationships in the Korean Peninsula to select most appropriate one. In the meantime, a few strong ground motion attenuation relationships are proposed and introduced in HAZUS, which have been designed for the Western United States and the Central and Eastern United States. The selected relationship from the ones for the Korean Peninsula has been compared with attenuation relationships available in HAZUS. Then, the attenuation relation for the Western United States proposed by Sadigh et al. (1997) for the Site Class B has been selected for this study. Reliability of the assessment will be improved by using an appropriate attenuation relation. It has been used for the earthquake loss estimation of the Gyeongju area located in southeast Korea using the deterministic method in HAZUS with a scenario earthquake (M=6.7). Our preliminary estimates show 15.6% damage of houses, shelter needs for about three thousands residents, and 75 life losses in the study area for the scenario events occurring at 2 A.M. Approximately 96% of hospitals will be in normal operation in 24 hours from the proposed event. Losses related to houses will be more than 114 million US dollars. Application of the improved methodology for loss estimation in Korea will help decision makers for planning disaster responses and hazard mitigation.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2007

정확한 지진재해 예측을 위해서는 대상지역 특성을 고려하여 개발한 강진동 감쇠식을 사용해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 한반도의 감쇠식에 관한 기존연구에서 제시한 여러 감쇠식 및 지진자료를 비교한 후 그 유형이 가장 유사한 관계식을 선별하였다. 지진재해예측을 위한 HAZUS에서는 미국을 서부와 중동부로 구분한 강진동 감쇠식을 지원하는데, 앞서 선별한 국내 감쇠식과 부합하는 미국의 감쇠식 종류를 알아보았다. 이번 연구는 향후 HAZUS를 이용하여 한반도의 지진재해를 예측하고자 할 때, 우리나라의 감쇠현상과 가장 유사한 미국의 강진동 감쇠식을 사용함으로써 신뢰성 높은 재해예측에 효과적인 영향을 줄 것으로 기대한다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2017

In this study, the characteristics of site amplification at seismic observation stations in Japan were estimated using the attenuation relationship of each station's response spectrum. Ground motion records observed after 32 earthquakes were employed to construct the attenuation relationship. The station correction factor at each KiK-net station was compared to the transfer functions between the base rock and the surface. For each station, the plot of the station correction factor versus the period was similar in shape to the graphs of the transfer function (amplitude ratio versus period). Therefore, the station correction factors are effective for evaluating site amplifications considering the period of ground shaking. In addition, the station correction factors were evaluated with respect to the average shear wave velocities using a geographic information system (GIS) dataset. Lastly, the site amplifications for specific periods were estimated throughout Japan.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1535-1541
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• 1994

The void content of carbon fiber reinforced composite laminates was determined by the ultrasonic nondestructive technique. The ultrasonic immersion, through-transmission method developed stresses the utilization of spectral analysis and frequency dependence of the attenuation due to porosity. The measured attenuation shows approximately linear behavior over the frequency range investigated. The linear relationship between the void content and the attenuation slop (d $\alpha$/df) is found to hold, but the constant of proportionality is quite different for samples with different pore morphology. The void volume fraction determined by the attenuation slope agreed very well with that obtained by the acid digestion analysis.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.III
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• pp.543-550
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• 2000

The objective of this research was to study the effect of contact force of ultrasonic probe on the ultrasonic attenuation measurement of radish. The relationship between ultrasonic attenuation (y) and contact force (x) for radish can be expressed as equation y=a+bLn(x), where a=8.7194+2.l68x(porosity) and b =-9.9188+0.0075 ${\times}$ (volume). The relationship between ultrasonic power spectrum (y) and contact force (x) for radish is also represented by equation y=a+bLn(x), where a= 60.l965-1.47l4${\times}$(porosity). The coefficient b has no significant relation with radish properties.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.419-424
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• 2020

Poroelasticity theory has been widely used for detecting cancellous bone deterioration because of the safe use for humans. The tortuosity itself is an important indicator for ultrasound detection for bone diseases. The transport properties of cancellous bone are also important in bone mechanotransduction. In this paper, two important factors, the wave velocity and attenuation are examined for permeability (or tortuosity). The theoretical calculation for the relationship between the wave velocity (and attenuation) and permeability (or tortuosity) for cancellous bone is shown in this study. It is found that the wave along the solid phase (trabecular struts) is influenced not by tortuosity, but the wave along the fluid wave (bone fluid phase) is affected by tortuosity significantly. However, the attenuation is different that the attenuation of a fast wave has less influence than that of a slow wave because the slow wave is observed by the relative motion between the solid and fluid phases.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.41-46
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• 2002

The general purpose of this paper is Evaluation of material properties in spring steels by investigate correlation between ultrasonic attenuation and virker's hardness, charpy impact properties, microstructures. The three test speciments of the $490{\times}90 mm$ plates and 20 mm thick are used but differ in heat treatment, one is rolled plate, the second is quenched and then tempered, and the third is quenched. ultrasonic attenuation were obtained at fifteen locations on the plates. In order to investigate the correlation between hardness ( especially, HV ) and the attenuation, the virker's hardness and the microstructures were observed for three spring steels. also the charpy impact test were carried out at the room temperature in order to investigate the relationship between impact properties and the attenuation. The experimental results obtained from three different spring related to the heat treatment conditions and attenuation coefficient is increased with increasing the hardness(HV). Ultrasonic attenuation coefficients have shawn are ability to distinguish among spring steels.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제3권6호
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• pp.585-592
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• 1993

여러 온도에서 급냉 및 템퍼링시킨 SCM440강을 이용하여 결정입도와 조직의 변화가 초음파감쇄에 미치는 영향에 관하여 연구하였다. 초음파감쇄는 주로 결정립에 의한 산란에 기인하였으며 감쇄계수는 결정립의 크기가 클수록 증가하였으나 템퍼링 시킨 조직의 경우 템퍼링온도가 높아질수록 감쇄계수는 감소하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 주파수의 의존성은 직선적인 log-log 관계를 가지며 Roney의 식과 비례하는 것으로 조사되었다.