• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.88-88
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• 2019

Antioxidants are involved in the defense mechanism against the attack of free radicals. This study was carried out to determine the antioxidant activity of new variety of Glycyrrhiza cultivar radix, Wongam and Sinwongam. Dissolved freeze dried Wongam and Sinwongam extracts were filtered by $0.2{\mu}m$ filter and serially diluted at the concentrations of $10{\mu}g/mL$, $50{\mu}g/mL$, $100{\mu}g/mL$, $500{\mu}g/mL$, and $1000{\mu}g/mL$. The antioxidant potential was determined by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity, ABTS (2,2-azino-bis (3-rthylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt) radical cation decolorization assay, nitrite radical scavenging assay, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. DPPH radical scavenging activities (i.e. the highest value $50.9{\pm}0.8%$ by Wongam and $82.6{\pm}1.1%$ by Sinwongam), ABTS radical scavenging activities (i.e. the highest value $88.1{\pm}1.8%$ by Wongam and $98.6{\pm}0.1%$ by Sinwongam), and nitrite radical scavenging activities (i.e. the highest value $87.3{\pm}1.6%$ by Wongam and $89.8{\pm}0.8%$ by Sinwongam) increased in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, ferric reducing power activities also increased in a dose-dependent manner. The FRAP value of Wongam and Sinwongam extracts were $0.72{\pm}0.03$ and $0.99{\pm}0.06$ compared to ascorbic acid, as a positive control, was $1.32{\pm}0.02$. These results suggested that Wongam and Sinwongam have beneficial effects as a potent antioxidant.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.355-369
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• 2021

Shape optimization of tall buildings is an efficient approach to mitigate wind-induced effects. Several studies have demonstrated the potential of shape modifications to improve the building's aerodynamic properties. On the other hand, it is well-known that the cross-section geometry has a direct impact in the floor area availability and subsequently in the building's profitability. Hence, it is of interest for the designers to find the balance between these two design criteria that may require contradictory design strategies. This study proposes a surrogate-based multi-objective optimization framework to tackle this design problem. Closed-form equations provided by the Eurocode are used to obtain the wind-induced responses for several wind directions, seeking to develop an industry-oriented approach. CFD-based surrogates emulate the aerodynamic response of the building cross-section, using as input parameters the cross-section geometry and the wind angle of attack. The definition of the building's modified plan shapes is done adopting the reduced basis approach, advancing the current strategies currently adopted in aerodynamic optimization of civil engineering structures. The multi-objective optimization problem is solved with both the classical weighted Sum Method and the Weighted Min-Max approach, which enables obtaining the complete Pareto front in both convex and non-convex regions. Two application examples are presented in this study to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed strategy, which permits the identification of Pareto optima from which the designer can choose the most adequate design balancing profitability and occupant comfort.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.46-58
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• 2019

Background: Dating violence refers to violence occurring between people in an intimate relationship. Forms of dating violence are often categorized into physical, psychological, and sexual violence, and most existing literature has followed this frame. However, few studies have focused on the phenomenon of living under the perpetrator's coercive control in victims of dating violence, although those experiences are known to be signs of severe forms of violence later on. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of being coercively controlled in female victims who had experienced dating violence. Method: For this study, in-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 14 female victims, and all interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. The data were analyzed using the phenomenological analysis method suggested by Colaizzi. Results: Three themes were derived in chronological order: idealizing the relationship (period of potential control), facing severer tyranny (period of coercive control), and escaping from the unending trap (period of post-control). The results showed that the victims experienced perpetrators' control with specific patterns. The perpetrators' controlling behaviors were invisible, literally benevolent, at the beginning; however, severe forms of violence seemed to appear as their relationship deepened and the perpetrators failed to control the victims. Conclusion: Findings from this study presented vivid experiences of female victims who needed help and care. Hopefully, the results can benefit in terms of developing evidence-based prevention strategies for victims as well as assessing the risks of severe forms of dating violence, such as physical attack or murder.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• 제48권12호
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• pp.1148-1156
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• 2018

Background and Objectives: It is controversial that decreased left ventricular function could predict poststroke outcomes. The purpose of this study is to elucidate whether left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) can predict cardiovascular events and mortality in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) without atrial fibrillation (AF) and coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: Transthoracic echocardiography was conducted consecutively in patients with AIS or transient ischemic attack at Soonchunhyang University Hospital between January 2008 and July 2016. The clinical data and echocardiographic LVEF of 1,465 patients were reviewed after excluding AF and CHD. Poststroke disability, major adverse cardiac events (MACE; nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and cardiovascular death) and all-cause mortality during 1 year after index stroke were prospectively captured. Cox proportional hazards regressions analysis were applied adjusting traditional risk factors and potential determinants. Results: The mean follow-up time was $259.9{\pm}148.8days$ with a total of 29 non-fatal strokes, 3 myocardial infarctions, 33 cardiovascular deaths, and 53 all-cause mortality. The cumulative incidence of MACE and all-cause mortality were significantly higher in the lowest LVEF (<55) group compared with the others (p=0.022 and 0.009). In prediction models, LVEF (per 10%) had hazards ratios of 0.54 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.36-0.80, p=0.002) for MACE and 0.61 (95% CI, 0.39-0.97, p=0.037) for all-cause mortality. Conclusions: LVEF could be an independent predictor of cardiovascular events and mortality after AIS in the absence of AF and CHD.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.229-237
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• 2021

Cloud of things (CoTs) is a newer idea which combines cloud computing (CC) with the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT capable of comprehensively producing data, and cloud computing can be presented pathways that allow for the progression towards specific destinations. Integrating these technologies leads to the formation of a separate element referred to as the Cloud of Things (CoTs). It helps implement ideas that make businesses more efficient. This technology is useful for monitoring a device or a machine and managing or connecting them. Since there are a substantial amount of machines that can run the IoT, there is now more data available from the IoT that would have to be stored on a local basis for a provisional period, and this is impossible. CoTs is used to help manage and analyze data to additionally create usable information by permitting and applying the development of advanced technology. However, combining these elements has a few drawbacks in terms of how secure the process is. This investigation aims to recent study literature from the past 3 years that talk about how secure the technology is in terms of protecting by authentication, reliability, availability, confidentiality, and access control. Additionally, this investigation includes a discussion regarding some kinds of potential attacks when using Cloud of Things. It will also cover what the various authors recommend and conclude with as well as how the situation can be approached to prevent an attack.

• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.9-19
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• 2021

원자력 테러 예방을 위해 기존의 물리 보호 시스템(PPS)를 수정한 빅데이터 기반의 클라우드 컴퓨팅 시스템과 통합된 데이터 마이닝 디자인이 조사됩니다. 원자력 범죄사건에 대해 시뮬레이션 연구에 의해 테러 관련 기관의 네트워킹이 모델링됩니다. 불법 도청 없이 무고한 사람들을 공격하려는 시도와 테러리즘을 정부가 탐지할 필요가 있습니다. 이 연구의 수학적 알고리즘은 테러 사건의 정확한 결과를 제공할 수 없지만, 시뮬레이션을 통해 잠재적 가능성을 얻을 수 있습니다. 본 결과는 시간에 따른 모양 진동을 보여줍니다. 또한 각 값의 빈도를 통합하면 결과의 전환 정도를 알 수 있습니다. 값은 63.125 시간에 -2.61741로 증가합니다. 따라서 테러 가능성은 나중에 가장 높습니다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.355-369
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• 2022

Section model test, as the most commonly used method to evaluate the aerostatic and aeroelastic performances of long-span bridges, may be carried out under different conditions of incoming wind speed, geometric scale and wind tunnel facilities, which may lead to potential Reynolds number (Re) effect, model scaling effect and wind tunnel scale effect, respectively. The Re effect and scale effect on aerostatic force coefficients and aeroelastic characteristics of streamlined bridge decks were investigated via 1:100 and 1:60 scale section model tests. The influence of auxiliary facilities was further investigated by comparative tests between a bare deck section and the deck section with auxiliary facilities. The force measurement results over a Re region from about 1×10⁵ to 4×10⁵ indicate that the drag coefficients of both deck sections show obvious Re effect, while the pitching moment coefficients have weak Re dependence. The lift coefficients of the smaller scale models have more significant Re effect. Comparative tests of different scale models under the same Re number indicate that the static force coefficients have obvious scale effect, which is even more prominent than the Re effect. Additionally, the scale effect induced by lower model length to wind tunnel height ratio may produce static force coefficients with smaller absolute values, which may be less conservative for structural design. The results with respect to flutter stability indicate that the aerodynamic-damping-related flutter derivatives 𝘈^*₂ and 𝐴^*₁𝐻^*₃ have opposite scale effect, which makes the overall scale effect on critical flutter wind speed greatly weakened. The most significant scale effect on critical flutter wind speed occurs at +3° wind angle of attack, which makes the small-scale section models give conservative predictions.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.104-112
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• 2023

COVID-19 caused a catastrophe in human health. People infected with COVID-19 also suffer from various clinical illnesses during and after the infection. The Boerhavia diffusa plant is well known for its antihypertensive activity. ACE-II inhibitors and calcium channel blockers are reported as mechanisms for the antihypertensive activity of B. diffusa phytoconstituents. Various studies have said ACE-II is the virus's binding site to attack host cells. COVID-19 treatment commonly employs a variety of synthetic antiviral and steroidal drugs. As a result, other clinical illnesses, such as hypertension and hyperglycemia, emerge as serious complications. Safe and effective drug delivery is a prime objective of the drug development process. COVID-19 is treated with various herbal treatments; however, they are not widely used due to their low potency. Many herbal plants and formulations are used to treat COVID-19 infection, in which B. diffusa is the most widely used plant. The current study relies on discovering active phytoconstituents with ACE-II inhibitory activity in the B. diffusa plant. As a result, it can be used as a treatment option for patients with COVID-19 and related diseases. Different phytoconstituents of the B. diffusa plant were selected from the reported literature. The activity of phytoconstituents against ACE-II proteins has been studied. Molecular docking and ligand-protein interaction computation tools are used in the in-silico experiment. Physicochemical, drug-likeness, water solubility, lipophilicity, and pharmacokinetic parameters are used to evaluate phytoconstituents. Liriodenine has the best drug-likeness, bioactivity, and binding score characteristics among the selected ligands. The in-silico study aims to find the therapeutic potential of B. diffusa phytoconstituents against ACE-II. Targeting ACE-II also shows an effect against SARS-CoV-2. It can serve as a rationale for designing a drug for patient infected with COVID-19 and associated diseases.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2023

코로나19로 인한 비대면 환경 수요 증가와 블록체인, NFT 등 기술의 발전으로 메타버스의 성장이 가속화되고 있다. 그러나 다양한 메타버스 플랫폼의 등장으로 사용자가 증가함에 따라, 메타버스 내에서 랜섬웨어 공격, 저작권 침해, 성범죄 등 범죄 사례가 발생하고 있다. 이로 인해 메타버스 시스템 내에서 디지털 증거로 활용 가능한 아티팩트의 필요성이 높아지고 있다. 그러나 메타버스 솔루션에 대한 표준화된 포렌식 절차가 부재하며, 메타버스 포렌식을 위한 아티팩트에 대해서도 알려진 정보가 없다. 또한, 보안성 평가 및 포렌식 분석 뿐만 아니라 관련 제도나 가이드라인 역시 미비하여 포렌식에 어려움이 있다. 이에 본 논문은 대표적 메타버스 게임 솔루션인 Roblox에 대한 동적 분석을 통해 사용자의 행위 분석 및 타임라인 분석에 활용 가능한 아티팩트를 제시한다. 메모리 포렌식 및 로그 분석으로 파악한 아티팩트 간 연계를 통해 메타버스 범죄 시나리오에서의 활용 가능성을 제시하고, 현행 법률 및 규정에 대한 검토를 통해 제도적 미비점을 분석하여 개선 방안을 제언한다.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.189-194
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• 2009

종속영양 와편의류인 Pfiesteria 종과 이와 유사한 형태의 Pfiesteria-like 종간의 생태적 지위차를 확인하기 위해, Pfiesteria piscicida, Cryptoperidininopsis brodyi, Stoeckeria algicida 3종에 전복유생(abalone larvae)을 투입하여 그들의 섭식 여부를 확인하고, 이들의 농도변화에 따른 전복 유생의 생존율 변화를 확인하였다. P. piscicida와 C. brodyi는 부화 1일차의 전복 유생을 직접 공격하여 치사 시킨 후 peduncle이라는 섭식기관을 이용하여 개체 전체를 섭식하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 하지만 형태적으로 이들과 매우 유사하고 peduncle도 가진 S. algicida는 전복 유생을 직접 공격하거나 섭식하지 않았다. 전복 유생의 생존율은 P. piscicida와 C. brodyi의 초기 투입농도가 증가함에 따라 상대적으로 낮아졌다. 이러한 결과는 형태적으로 매우 유사한 종속영양성 와편모류일지라도 그들이 가지는 생태적지위는 매우 다르며, 보다 명확한 해양 생태계 먹이사슬을 이해하기 위해서는 종(species) 수준의 명확한 종 동정연구가 필요함을 제시해 준다.