• 대한간호학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.714-727
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• 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a situation-specific theory to explain the disease management experience of patients with asthma. Methods: Twenty participants with asthma were selected using the theoretical sampling method. The data were acquired through in-depth interviews conducted from June to October 2018 and analyzed using the grounded theory approach of Strauss and Corbin. Results: In total, 69 concepts, 30 subcategories, and 13 categories were generated to explain the disease management experience of patients with asthma. The core category of the disease management experience of patients with asthma was 'management of the disease to prevent aggravation of symptoms over the lifetime'. The disease management process of asthma patients included three steps: the 'cognition phase', the 'adjustment phase', and the 'maintenance phase'. However, some patients remained in the 'stagnation phase' of disease management, which represents the result of the continual pursuit of risky health behavior. There were three types of disease management experiences among patients with asthma: 'self-managing', 'partially self-managing', and 'avoidant'. Conclusion: This study shows that patients with asthma must lead their disease management process to prevent exacerbation of their symptoms. It is imperative to develop nursing strategies and establish policies for effective disease management of patients with asthma based on their individual disease management processes and types.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제80권3호
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• pp.221-225
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• 2017

Since 2015, the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) has performed annual qualitative assessments of asthma management provided by all medical institutions that care for asthma patients in Korea. According to the third report of qualitative assessment of asthma management in 2017, the assessment appears to have contributed to improving the quality of asthma care provided by medical institutions, especially primary clinics. However, there is still a gap between the ideal goals of asthma management and actual health care policies/regulations in real clinical settings, which leads to the state of standstill with respect to the quality of asthma management despite considerable efforts such as the qualitative assessment of asthma management by national agencies such as the HIRA. At this point, a harmonized approach is needed to raise the level of asthma management among several components including medical policies, efforts of academic associations such as education and distribution of the guideline for management, and reliable financial support by the government.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.87-96
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was done to identify the level of knowledge and practice of self-management on asthma of school-aged children and to provide data for the development of an intervention program to improve self-management on asthma Methods: The participants were 100 school-aged children who were treated currently for asthma in J city located in G province. Data were collected from 25th August to 30th October 2014. Results: The mean scores were 14.37 of 20 for self-management knowledge (percentage of correct answer 71.9%), 21.65 of 30 for self-management practice. There were significant differences in knowledge according to grade, diagnosed age, food allergy, education on asthma and hardship in school life, and in practice according to gender and economic status, hardship in school life and experience of first-aid on asthma. There were positive correlations between knowledge and practice. Conclusion: Results indicate that school-aged children' knowledge and practice in self-management of asthma were not sufficient enough to perform accurate management of asthma. Therefore, to improve self-management ability of school-aged children to manage effectively asthma, educational strategies that focus on increasing knowledge need to be developed.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.171-180
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• 2020

With the recent increase in asthma, asthma has become recognized as one of the diseases. The perception that bronchial asthma is a chronic disease and requires treatment has been strengthened. In addition, asthma is recognized as a dangerous disease due to environmental changes and efforts are made to minimize these risks. However, the environmental impact on asthma is hardly a factor that individuals in asthmatic patients can cope with. Therefore, this study was conducted to see if the asthma disease could be replaced by the individual efforts of asthma patients. In particular, since the management of asthma is important during adolescence, we conducted research on asthma in teenagers. Utilizing support vector machines, artificial neural networks and deep learning techniques that have recently drawn attention, we propose models to predict the asthma of teenagers. The study also provides guidelines to avoid factors that can cause asthma in teenagers.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제79권3호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2016

Asthma is a prevalent and serious health problem in Korea. Recently, the Korean Asthma Guideline has been updated by The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases (KATRD) in an effort to improve the clinical management of asthma. This guideline focuses on adult patients with asthma and aims to deliver up to date scientific evidence and recommendations to general physicians for the management of asthma. For this purpose, this guideline was updated following systematic review and meta-analysis of recent studies and adapting some points of international guidelines (Global Initiative for Asthma [GINA] report 2014, National Asthma Education and Prevention Program [NAEPP] 2007, British Thoracic Society [BTS/SIGN] asthma guideline 2012, and Canadian asthma guideline 2012). Updated issues include recommendations derived using the population, intervention, comparison, and outcomes (PICO) model, which produced 20 clinical questions on the management of asthma. It also covers a new definition of asthma, the importance of confirming various airflow limitations with spirometry, the epidemiology and the diagnostic flow of asthma in Korea, the importance and evidence for inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and ICS/formoterol as a single maintenance and acute therapy in the stepwise management of asthma, assessment of severity of asthma and management of exacerbation, and an action plan to cope with exacerbation. This guideline includes clinical assessments, and treatment of asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome, management of asthma in specific conditions including severe asthma, elderly asthma, cough variant asthma, exercise-induced bronchial contraction, etc. The revised Korean Asthma Guideline is expected to be a useful resource in the management of asthma.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.686-693
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• 2005

Purpose. This study was designed to examine the effect of asthma management education program applied to allergic asthma patients receiving immunotherapy due to house dust mite on their stress and compliance with health care regimens. Methods. A quasi experimental design with non-equivalent control group and non-synchronized design was used. The subjects of this study were 61 patients who were receiving immunotherapy at intervals of a week after their symptoms were diagnosed as house dust mite allergic asthma at the pulmonary department of a university hospital in Seoul. They were divided into an experimental group of 29 patients who received asthma management education and a control group of 32 patients. The asthma management education pro-gram was composed of group education (once) and reinforcement education (three times) with environmental therapy and immunotherapy to house dust mite. Results. Stress significantly decreased in the experimental group compared to that in the control group. Compliance with health care regimens significantly increased in the experimental group compared to that in the control group. Conclusions. The results suggested that the asthma management education program is effective for the management of stress and the improvement of compliance in patients with allergic asthma to house dust mite.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제80권2호
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• pp.113-135
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• 2017

Asthma is traditionally regarded as a chronic airway disease, and recent literature proves its heterogeneity, based on distinctive clusters or phenotypes of asthma. In defining such asthma clusters, the nature of comorbidity among patients with asthma is poorly understood, by assuming no causal relationship between asthma and other comorbid conditions, including both communicable and noncommunicable diseases. However, emerging evidence suggests that the status of asthma significantly affects the increased susceptibility of the patient to both communicable and noncommunicable diseases. Specifically, the impact of asthma on susceptibility to noncommunicable diseases such as chronic systemic inflammatory diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis), may provide an important insight into asthma as a disease with systemic inflammatory features, a conceptual understanding between asthma and asthma-related comorbidity, and the potential implications on the therapeutic and preventive interventions for patients with asthma. This review discusses the currently under-recognized clinical and immunological phenotypes of asthma; specifically, a higher risk of developing a systemic inflammatory disease such as rheumatoid arthritis and their implications, on the conceptual understanding and management of asthma. Our discussion is divided into three parts: literature summary on the relationship between asthma and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis; potential mechanisms underlying the association; and implications on asthma management and research.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.581-588
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• 2006

Asthma is a chronic inflammation of the airway associated with increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness that leads to recurrent episodes of cough, wheezing, breathless, chest tightness. According the recent studies, repeated airway inflammation leads to structural changes so called 'airway remodeling' and associated with decreased pulmonary function. Airway remodeling begins form the early stage of asthma and the early diagnosis and management is very important to prevent airway remodeling. Medication for asthma can be classified into acute symptom reliever and chronic controller. Short acting beta2 agonist is a well-known reliever that reduced asthma symptoms within minutes. Controllers should be taken daily as a long-term basis to control airway inflammation. Inhaled corticosteroid(ICS) is the most effective controller in current use. However, in some patients ICS monotherapy is not sufficient to control asthma. In those cases, other medications such as long acting beta2 agonist, leukotriene modifier or sustained-release theophylline should be added to ICS, which called Add-on-Therapy. Combination inhaler devices are easy to use. Oral leukotriene modifier has a good compliance especially in children. Finally, as asthma is a chronic disease, the development of on-going partnership among health care professionals, the patients, and the patients' family is necessary for the effective management of asthma.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.189-197
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop an asthma management education program for preschool children using Roy's adaptation theory as a framework and examining the effects of this program on adaptation to asthma treatment. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pre-post-test design was used with 43 preschool children diagnosed with asthma and required to be hospitalized for inhalation therapy. An intervention group (n=23) participated in the educational program and a control group (n=20) received regular treatment. The education program was conducted and evaluated from June 30 to October 31 2012, a maximum 3 times every 24 hours during hospitalization. Two nurses conducted the program using the teaching method of Gagn$\acute{e}$ and Briggs; instruction design theory through questionnaires to measure perception of disease, behavior of adaptation to treatment with inhalation therapy. Results: Effects of asthma management education program; scores for face-pain rating decreased and time of adaptation to treatment increased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group but no significant differences were found for perception of the disease's cause and treatment. Conclusion: Results indicate that the asthma management education program has positive effects on adaptation to asthma treatment of preschoolers.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.252-259
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• 2005

Purpose: Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood. It's important mother's caring for management of children with asthma. This study was to provide the evidenced data for preparing an educational program by identifying the knowledge level and educational demand about pediatric asthma of mothers of children with asthma. Method: The subjects were 91 mothers of children with asthma who admitted at 3 hospital in Busan. The data were collected through a self-reporting questionnaire from Feburary to May, 2005. The data was analyzed by SPSS 10.0 program. Results: The total mean percentage of correct answer of knowledge about pediatric asthma was 55.6% and the total mean $score{\pm}SD$ of educational demand about pediatric asthma was $4.40{\pm}0.50$. The knowledge level was statistically different by recurrence number(F=3.08, p=.049). There was not correlation between knowledge level and eucational demand. Conclusions: The mothers of children with asthma had a medium knowledge level and a high educational demand. Based on the results, mothers' knowledge is an important part of children with asthma management. Therefore nursing intervention program for mothers of children with asthma should be developed and the mothers should cope with asthma effectively.