• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.245-247
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• 2022

In August 2021, we surveyed diseases of wild vegetables grown in Taebaek, Gangwon Province, Korea. During the disease survey, we observed severe damping-off symptoms in young edible aster (Aster scaber) plants in a vinyl greenhouse investigated. The incidence of the disease in the plants ranged from 5% to 20%. Diseased plants of edible aster were collected from the vinyl greenhouse, and fungi were isolated from petiole lesions of the diseased plants. Rhizoctonia sp. was consistently isolated from the petiole lesions. We examined morphological characteristics and anastomosis groups of nine Rhizoctonia sp. isolates obtained from the petiole lesions. The examination results revealed that all the isolates corresponded to Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 based on the morphological characteristics and anastomosis test. Three isolates of R. solani AG-4 were tested for their pathogenicity on edible aster plants by artificial inoculation. Inoculation tests showed that the tested isolates caused damping-off symptoms on the inoculated plants. The induced symptoms were similar to those observed in the vinyl greenhouse investigated. Damping-off of edible aster caused by R. solani AG-4 is first reported in this study.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nutrition Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.168-168
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• 2002

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.140.1-140.1
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• 2001

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2004

Seed characteristics-weight, seed length and width, pure seed percentage are measured on 15 native herb species, and seeds of six native herb species were tested on the seedbed in the forest with autumn seeding. Seeds of 13 species including Aster scaber were very small; seed length is less than 7mm and seed width is less than 3mm pure seed percentages of 10 native herb speciesin-cluding Ligularia fischeriwere were much lower than 5％. Germination percent of five native herb species were significantly different among the growing sites. The mean germination percent was highest 47.00％ for Angelica gigas, 38.25％ for Ligularia fischeri, 30.88％ for PimPinella brachycarpa, 15.75％ for Aralia continetalis, 10.00％ for Cirsium setidens, and the lowest 9.32％ for Aster scaber.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.778-784
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• 2022

Wild vegetables, such as Cirsium setidens, and Aster scaber, are commonly distributed as dried materials because the wild vegetables lose their freshness quickly after harvest and distribution. Dried wild vegetables require rehydration to use as a food ingredient, and the quality of rehydrated wild vegetables is affected by pre-drying and drying methods. Here, we introduce the newly developed pre-drying and drying method, termed "micro oil sprayed thermal air (MOTA) technique". The three wild vegetables processed by the MOTA technique showed improved rehydration rate and reduced time to achieve maximum rehydration rate. Color characteristics were also improved in C. setidens. These results indicate that the MOTA technique improves the overall quality of rehydrated wild vegetables. It is expected that our findings could enhance the marketability of dried wild vegetables by improving overall quality and reducing preparation time.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.393-401
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• 2016

The phenolic compounds extracted from Aster scaber were examined for their biological activities owing to their potential use in health and beauty food products. The phenolic content in water and 60% ethanol extracts were $11.1{\pm}0.11$ and $4.18{\pm}0.05mg/g$, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of the water and ethanol extracts were 87% and 91% at $50{\mu}g$ phenolics/mL, respectively. At the same phenolics concentration, the respective extracts showed 84% and 95% for ABTS radical decolorization activities and 95% and 97% for TBARs. The antioxidant protection factors for the water and ethanol extracts at $200{\mu}g$ phenolics/mL were 1.87 and 2.22 PF, respectively. Enzyme inhibitory activities of the water and ethanol extracts ($50{\mu}g$ phenolics/mL) were 50.8% and 69.4% on angiotensin converting enzyme, 91% and 80% on xanthine oxidase, and 24% and 89% on ${\alpha}$-amylase, respectively. The tyrosinase inhibitory activities indicating skin-whitening were 47% and 25% for the water and ethanol extracts, respectively. Anti-wrinkle effect of the water extract was relatively higher than that of the ethanol extract. These results suggest that the water and ethanol extracts of Aster scaber can be used as an ingredient in health and beauty food products.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.240-245
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• 2002

Cancer metastasis represents the most important cause of cancer death and antitumor agents that may inhibit this process have been extensively pursued. Invasion and metastasis of malignantly transformed cells involve degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) components by matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), especially MMP-2 and -9. We previously showed that H-ras-induced invasive phenotype may involve MMP-2, rather than MMP-9, in MCF10A cells. In the present study, we investigated the chemopreventive effect of Aster, a widely used culinary vegetable in Korea. We screened twelve extracts from three Aster species (Aster scaber, Aster oharai and Aster glehni) for the inhibitory effect on MMP activities of H-ras MCF10A human breast epithelial cells. All of the extracts tested in this study efficiently inhibited the gelatinolytic activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9. A more prominent inhibition was observed in MMP-2 activity compared to MMP-9. Out of twelve extracts, eight extracts showed>90％ inhibition of MMP-2 activity in H-ras MCF10A cells while only one extract showed>90％ inhibition of MMP-9 activity. We selected three extracts (AO-3, AG-3 and AS-EA) for further studies since they exerted a marked inhibition in the ratio of MMP-2 to MMP-9. Treatment with AO-3, AG-3 and AS-EA in H-ras MCF10A cells caused a significant inhibition of invasive phenotype and migration, proving a chemopreventive potential of these extracts. Taken together, our results demonstrate that extracts of Aster effectively inhibit invasion and migration of highly malignant human breast cells, possibly via downregulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.371-376
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• 2018

Consumption of wild edible greens (WEG) has risen in Korea recently, and processing of WEG at greenhouses is increasing. In this study, we investigated chamchwi (Aster scaber Thunb), a major WEG, to assess the effect of growth conditions on nutritional quality and blanching process. Field-grown chamchwi had 1.5-2-fold more total phenolic compounds and anti-oxidative capacity than the house-grown one. Among functional compounds, quercetin was significantly higher (about 5-fold) in the field samples (approximately $430{\mu}g/g$ fresh weight) than in the house samples. Soluble sugars in field-grown chamchwi were 2-fold higher than in the house samples. For both the samples, blanching process decreased chamchwi quality significantly, but the degree of loss for each component was different. Consequently, field-grown chamchwi exhibited superior nutritional quality than greenhouse-grown one, and blanching process resulted in a similar decrease of nutritional quality in both the samples.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.584-590
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• 2007

This study investigated quality characteristics of Aster scaber (color; firmness; vitamin C, chlorophyll and phenolic contents; and sensory properties) under blanching conditions of $90^{\circ}C$/25 min, $95^{\circ}C$/16 min, and $100^{\circ}C$/6 min, and salt concentrations of 0%, 1% and 2%. The contents of vitamin C, chlorophyll and total phenolic compounds, and firmness decreased by 39.5-60.3%, 26.2-31.5%, 45.6-50.1% and 50.7-51.1%, respectively, after blanching. For these parameters, treatment with 1% salt was 7.1-30.2%, 9.2-12.2%, 35.9-52.0% and 2.7-6.8% relative to the control, and drip water could be prevented by 3.3-23.4%. Results for treatment with 2% salt were (respectively) 22.7-34.1%, 10.4-20.7%, 55.5-80.4% and 13.8-17.3%, and drip water could be prevented by 23.9-27.3%. These results showed that 2% salt treatment had a greater effect on preservation of quality characteristics than 1% treatment and the control. With respect to sensory evaluation, the 2% treatment had lower overall acceptability than the 1% treatment because of the saltier taste. However, the 1% treatment was more acceptable than the control. The optimal blanching condition was found to be $100^{\circ}C$/6 min and 1% salt.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.540-551
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate the effects of dried leaf powders and ethanol extracts of Perilla frutescens(perilla leaf), Artemisia princeps var. orientalis(mugwort) and Aster scaber(chamchui) on lipid metabolism and antioxidative capacity in rats. Forty-nine male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 105.9$\pm$1.7g were blocked into seven groups according to body weigth and raised for four weeks with diets containing 5% dried powders of perilla leaf, mugwort and chamchui, or ethanol extracts from the same amount of each dried leaf powder. Food intake was higher in the control and chamchui powder groups than the other remaining groups. Weight gain was not significantly different among all experimental groups. Food efficiency ratio was highest in the perilla leaf powder group. Plasma total lipid and cholesterol, liver total lipid and triglyceride levels were highest in the perilla leaf powder group. In contrast, dried powders of mugwort and chamchui showed hypolipidemic effects in plasma and liver. Plasma and liver TBARS levels in both dried powder and ethanol extract groups of the three plants were lower than control. There was also no significant difference between corresponding dried powder and ethanol extract groups. Catalas and GSH-Px activities in erythrocyte and liver were not different among all the experimental groups. However, SOD activities were significantly different among the esperimental groups. In erythrocyte. SOD activiteis of all dried powder and ethanol extract groups except the perilla leaf powder group were higher than control, and the chamchui power group showed the highest activity among them. In liver, all the plant groups showed higher SOD activities than control. There was no significant difference between corresponding dried powder and ethanol extract groups. In conclusion, the dried chamchui powder and liver. All the dried plant powder and ethanol extract were effective in decreasing the TBARS levels of liver and particularly plasma. Among the antiocidative enzymes, SOD activity was most responsive to the experimental diets. All the plant groups showed increases in liver SOD activities and there were more increments in dried powder groups. Since the effects of dried powder groups on lipid metabolism were better than those of extract groups, it is plausible that the high dietary fiber level in dried powders was effective. Antioxidative effects were not significantly different between corresponding dried power and extract groups, and it was thought that ethanol extracts from three plants also had similar antioxidative effects as dried powderers.