• 대한간호학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.313-318
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• 1994

To build a suitable National Health Care System for the coming 21s1 century, Nursing must also be renewed. The future Korea will be united and the majority of its population will raidly consist of the aged. Economically standing on the same level with developed countries the growth of scientific technologies will foster communications, firing astounding changes in the medical field. While the overall life style pattern of Koereans not to mention the structure of diseases undergo change, the possibility that the reckless induction of high-tech health care may only cause medical fees to eascafate. It can전so be expected that the health care system will evolve towards the consumers. Nursing in the 21s1 century will be of two scenarios according to WHO, which presents the role of the nurse. The first scenario is that "a gen-eric health care work force" namely a "care giver" will replace all other health professions. If Nursing does not become the compatent profession fitting to this purpose it will eventually dei out. The second scenario is that nurses who are educated in a well grounded and extensive general background and have command of a specialized area will undertake services varying from health pro-motion to treatment and rehabilitation both direct and indirectly, while supervising other personnel. The nurse here would become the "care giver". To become the necessary health care profession in the 21s1 century, nurses should be provided with more educational opportunities, variating in its con-tents, course, and system, enabling them to grow. Clair Faign points out that the minimal educational entry for the nursing profession is a 4 year undergraduate education in this aspect, now in the time to set the future of Nursing into the course of the first scenario. A new educational system stipulating a baccalaureate nursing degree is in urgent need, and aside from govermental actions nurse themseives should formaily officiallze this process, striving for quality assurance. While considering 6 years nursing education programs, multifarious degree courses for existing 3 years educated nurse should be provided Junior nursing schools must devise measures to grow into baccalaucate institutions, also. Among the existing courses, the Self Study Degree Program should be converted into RN, BSN courese provided by universities, and clinical training for the University on the Air must be supplimented, The possibility of establishing nursing courses into commercial high school programs only jeopardizes the development of the nursing profession.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.725-734
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• 2016

SCADA 시스템은 국내 산업분야 전반에서 원격 감시 제어를 위해 이용되고 있는 만큼 제어시스템의 보안인증을 올바르게 확립해야 할 필요가 점차 커지고 있다. ISASecure에서 진행하는 EDSA-CRT 테스트는 장치가 정상적인 환경과 비정상적인 네트워크 프로토콜 트래픽 환경에서 핵심 서비스를 적절하게 제공할 수 있는지에 초점이 맞춰져 있기는 하지만 IP, ARP, TCP등 IP 기반 프로토콜을 대상으로 진행하고 있고, 제어 프로토콜에 적용한 테스트 연구는 전무하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 제어 프로토콜 중 가장 널리 사용되는 DNP3 프로토콜에 대해 EDSA-CRT를 적용하여 테스트 요구사항을 도출하고자 한다. 이에 우리는 DNP3 프로토콜에 대한 33개의 테스트 케이스를 제시한다.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2014

SSE-CMM은 보안엔지니어링을 공학, 보증, 위험 프로세스의 3가지 요소로 나누고 있으며 정보보호 성숙도 평가 모델과 수준을 제시하고 있다. 정보보호 성숙도 측정은 취약점 진단, 위험분석 방법론을 실무 현장에서 사용할 수 있도록 종합적으로 결론을 제시한다. 사이버거래의 일반적인 서비스는 인터넷 뱅킹, 모바일 뱅킹, 텔레뱅킹 등이다. 사이버거래 처리구조의 한 종류인 뱅킹시스템 정보보호 성숙도 측정방법론 연구 목적은 기존의 취약점 진단, 위험분석 방법론을 실무현장에서 사용할 수 있도록 종합적 결론을 제시한다. 안전성과 편리성을 확보하여 이용자들이 사이버 거래를 편리하게 이용할 수 있는 환경을 구축하는 것이 사이버 거래 활성화의 핵심이다. 특히 업무현장에서 정보보호 성숙도 측정을 통한 사이버뱅킹시스템의 안전성을 확보한다면 현장의 실무처리 결과로 많은 효과가 나타날 것으로 기대한다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.25-52
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• 1993

Variation in the utilization of medical services is a very important issue in cost containment and quality assurance of health care. Practice variation directly affects health care expenditure especially in fee-for-service system, which is the payment system of health insurance in Korea. In addition to cost issue it is generally accepted that variations in medical practice and the cost of inpatient care suggest the possibility of inappropriate quality of care. This study is to closely examine the patterne and degrees of variation in cost structure of inpatient care among types of hospital and individual hospitals in some tracer diseases, and also to inquire into the service items which contribute much to the variation of total medical care cost. Foru common diseases, i.e. Cesarean Section, appendectomy, cataract extraction and pediatric pneumonia, were selected as tracer diseases. In most tracer diseases there were statistically significant differences in total medical care cost among hospitals in same type of hospital as well as among types of hospital(p<0.01). When total medical care cost were subdivided into the types of service, cost of medication and diagnostic examination varied the most prominenly. When the cost of medication were subdivided again, cost of parenteral antibiotics showed the most prominent variation. Of total medical care cost, medication was most contributory to the variation of total medical care cost(58.1~82.3%), and cost of antibiotics was most contributory to the variation of medication cost(63.9~92.2%). The results of study implicated that reducing the variation of medication may plays a significant role in containing the cost of inpatient care. In order to sort out the factors affecting practice variations including drug prescription pattes further researches are required.

• 대한응급의학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.399-407
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• 2018

Objective: Regionalization is one of the principal subjects for the advancement of rural emergency medical service systems in South Korea. This study shows the characteristics of interhospital transfer and status of the incidence of three major emergency disorders (acute myocardial infarction [AMI], acute stroke, and severe trauma) in one local province. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted for patients with three major emergency disorders who visited emergency medical facilities in one local province from January 2013 to December 2015, on the basis of the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS) data. Results: The incidence of three major emergency disorders had increased annually. Patients with each of these disorders tended to choose distinguishing methods of visiting emergency medical facilities. AMI patients tended to visited emergency medical facilities using private cars or on foot, while severe trauma patients usually visited by 119 ambulance, and acute stroke patients used 119 ambulance and private car in similar amounts. Overall, 65% of AMI patients were treated in intraregional medical facilities, but about 70% of acute stoke and severe trauma patients were transferred outside of the region. Conclusion: Because each of these disorders has an individual characteristic, it is difficult to expect a solution for the problems associated with emergency disorders just by assuring the availability of medical resources. Based on regionalization, a policy to provide the optimal treatment for those emergency disorders should be developed by planning public medical service systems based on the individual characteristics of emergency disorders, the standardized transfer plans of emergency patients and the assurance for mobilization and sharing of confined medical resources.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.541-552
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• 2019

최근 사회복지전담공무원들은 지속적으로 증가하는 업무로 인해 많은 직무스트레스에 시달리고 있는 상황에서 감정노동을 수행하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 세종특별시와 충청남도에 근무하는 사회복지전담공무원 937명을 대상으로 설문조사를 통하여 감정노동이 복지서비스 질에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 사회복지전담공무원은 보통수준 이상의 감정노동을 경험하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 표면행위보다는 내면행위를 다소 많이 하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 사회복지전담공무원이 제공하는 서비스는 보통 이상의 높은 수준으로 나타났으며 유형성, 보증성, 신뢰성, 감정이입, 대응성의 순이었다. 셋째, 감정노동의 하위 요인 중에서 내면행위는 서비스 질에 정(+)적인 영향을 미치고 있었다. 즉, 자신의 감정상태 자체를 변화시켜 업무에 임할수록 제공하는 서비스 질은 증가하는 것이다. 반면에 하위요인 중에서 내면행위는 서비스 질에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 향후 사회복지전담공무원의 과도한 업무 부담에 대한 정책적 대응이 필요하고, 감정노동에 대한 대응 매뉴얼을 제공하여야 한다.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2021

미국은 CSfC(Commercial Solutions for Classified Program) 제도를 통해 진화하는 사이버공격에 대응하기 위해 국가기관이 민간 상용보안제품을 신속히 국가관에 도입할 수 있도록 공인된 안전성 평가 및 인증을 수행하고 있다. CSfC 프로세스에 등록된 상용보안제품은 신속한 승인 프로세스를 거쳐 국방기관에서 사용할 수 있으며 중복된 평가 없이 상용보안제품을 승인한다. 승인된 보안제품은 국방정보시스템 구현에 필요한 시간, 비용, 승인 프로세스로 인한 비용을 절감할 수 있다. 본 연구는 국방에 도입하기 위해 미국 NSA(National Security Agency)에서 제시한 네트워크 보안 아키텍처 MSC(Multi-Site Connectivity), MA(Mobile Access), Campus WLAN, DAR(Data at Rest) 4종에 대한 보안통제 항목을 분석하였다.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.83-109
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• 2009

Such factors as the increase of population and me development of information technology were raised the needs of citizens in Korea. To meet these needs for the better services, Korean government has built up the computer networks that connect forty-two administrative operations of the central government since 1984. Through the computerization of administrative services, Korean government has been pursuing the balanced development among the regions in the country. To this end, regional informationization has been implemented since the mid 1980s. Specifically, rural villages has become information network villages (invils) by adopting computers and networks. Consequently, three hundred thirty-seven invils were implemented in the country. By selecting forty-six invils in Kyeongbuk province in Korea, this research was intended to find efficient and effective ways of operating invils. To find the problems and opportunities of the invils, the researcher has visited each of the forty-six invils between January 12th. and February 12th. in 2009. Two-round surveys were distributed to the managers of these forty-six invils. This research identified ten problems as below. a. Problems after the implementation of invils b. Problems occurred at the same rime as the operation of invils c. Problems with regard to the invil managers d. Problems with regard to the criteria of success or failure e. Problems with regard to the cooperation of administrative offices f. Problems with regard to the boosting of invil experience g. Problems with regard to software assurance developed in invils h. Problems with regard to incentives to invlis i. Problems with regard to the role of invils To solve these problems in hands of invils, this research suggested policy ideas in two levels: 1. invils 2. government Policies should be implemented by invils: a. The strengthening of training rural people for the better utilization of computers b. The strengthening of the regulations on membership management and electronic commerce c. The establishment of the invil managers' job tenure d. The reformation of measuring the success or failure of an invil e. The integration of administrative offices centralized by invils f. The establishment of trust between administrative offices and invils g. the integration of experience villages and invil managing offices h. The revitalization of incentives to invils and experience villages i. The enforcement of cooperative offices among invils Policies to be implemented by the government: a. The revitalization of electronic commerce through invils b. The rationalization of selecting invils in an area c. The unification of various offices for rural informationization d. The construction of portal sites for rural areas e. The continuous training of IT leaders in rural areas f. The provision of pays to invil managers based on break-even points g. The transcendentalization toward the second new town movement

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2022

평생교육원은 성인을 대상으로 요람에서부터 무덤까지의 배움을 모토로 사람들에게 제공하는 교육 시스템이다. 본 연구는 평생교육원의 서비스 품질과 긍정심리자본, 심리적 안녕감에 관한 선행연구들을 근거로 평생교육원의 서비스 품질이 긍정심리자본을 통해 심리적 안녕감에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지에 대해 규명하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 평생교육원을 다니는 학생 212명을 대상으로 하여 2021년 11월 1일부터 11월 14일까지 설문지를 배부하고 회수하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같이 요약된다. 첫째, 평생교육원의 서비스 품질은 긍정심리자본 중 자기효능감에 모두 아무런 영향을 주지 않았지만, 희망에는 모두 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 평생교육원 서비스 품질 중 확신성과 반응성은 탄력성에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났고, 반응성은 긍정심리자본 중 낙관주의에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 긍정심리자본 중 희망과 탄력성 그리고 낙관주의는 심리적 안녕감에 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 평생교육원 학습자들에게 더 좋은 품질의 평생교육원 서비스를 제공하기 위한 정책 방향에 자료로 활용할 수 있으리라 본다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.49-76
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• 1994

Small area variations in health care utilization have long been studied as an important issue related to boto cost containment and quality assurance. This study was conducted to investigate if variations in hospital services across small geographic areas in Korea existed. The claims data of the fiscal year 1992 obtained from the regional health insurance societies were used for the study. Main findings of the research can be summarized as follows : 1. Extremal Quotients(EQ) of hospital expenditure per capita and hospital days per capita varied among diagnosis types. The EQ ranged from 2.05(cataract) to 41.67(pneumonia) in hospital expenditure per capita and from 1.86(cataract) to 45.89(pneumonia) in hospital days per capita. The diagnosis groups which showed high variation were pneumonia, cephalo-pelvic disproportion, gastritis and duodenitis, fracture of rib, and acute bronchitis. Those which showed low variation were acute appendicitis and cataract. 2. The EQ level of admission rate was different in terms of diagnosis types, ranging from 2.57(catarct) to 44.45(pneumonia). The variations were high in medical disorders such as pneumonia, oephalo-pelvic disproportion, gastritis and duodenitis and acute bronchitis, while relatively low in surgical conditions such as acute appendicitis and cataract. 3. As an indicator of service intensity, the EQ of expenditure per admission ranged from 1.67(acute appendicitis) to 31.27(essential hypertension). The diagnoses which had high variation were essential hypertension, gastric ulcer, whereas those which had low variation were cephalopelvic disproportion and acute appendicitis. With regard to hospital days per admission, the EQ ranged from 1.55(acute appendicitis) to 28.13(gastric ulcer) by diagnosis types. The diagnosis groups with showed high variation were gastric ulcer, essential hypertension, and acute bronchitis, whereas those with low variation were cephalo-pelvic disproportion, intervertebral disc disorders, and acute appendicitis. Both the expenditure and hospital days per admission showed lewwer variations than the expenditure per capita, hospital days per capita and admission rate. 4. Comparing patterns of variation in utilization indices, diagnoses such as essential hypertension, gastric ulcer, fracture of rib showed higher variations in expenditure per admission than in admission rates, whereas diagnoses such as pneumonia, cephalo-pelvic disproportion and gastric ulcer showed higher variations in admission rate than expenditure per admission. These findings suggest that wide variations existed in several diagnoses groups across small areas in Korea. Further research should be performed to investigate factors related to small area variations including provider behavior.