• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.140-145
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• 1989

이 논문에서는 ASIC 칩의 설계도면에서 발생하는 임의의 모양을 갖는 영역에서의 효과적인 회로배치 방법인 SOAP (self-organization assisted placement) 를 제안한다. 자율조직이란 Kohonen[1]이 제안한 신경회로망의 학습방법으로 가까이 위치하고 있는 신경소자들이 물리적으로 유사한 외부입력에 민감하도록 소자에 연결된 시냅스 (synapse)의 가중치들을 조절하는 것이다. SOAP에서는 회로 블럭을 신경소자에 회로 블럭의 위치 (x, y좌표)를 해당 신경소자에 연결된 2개의 학습입력으로부터의 시냅스의 가중치 쌍으로 대응시킴으로써 임의의 영역에서의 좋은 회로 배치 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 이 방법은 또한 입체 표면에서의 회로 배치에도 확장될 수 있다.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국디지털정책학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.675-690
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• 2004

A new way of teaching on the Internet can be called Web Based Instruction (WBI). WBI goes far above and beyond teaching in the school. It will have an impact on overall educational activity that will dramatically change many existing educational processes and persuade most teachers to change their conventional teaching methods. The main purposes of this research were to make a comparative study of academic achievement between expository lecture and web-based instruction, and to identify the difference in academic achievement of learning tasks in pre- and post- experiments of WBI. The conclusions of this study were as follows. First. there are no differences in academic achievement between expository lecture and teacher- directed web based instruction. Second, there are no differences in academic achievement between expository lecture and teacher-assisted web based instruction. Third, there is difference in academic achievement between teacher-assisted web based instruction and teacher-directed web based instruction. Fourth, there are no differences in academic achievement of reading tasks in pre- or post- experiments of teacher-directed web based instruction. On the basis of the research results and discussion, we finally present a Web-Application-Model (WAM) to encourage the usage of Internet as a useful teaching channel.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.3270-3294
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• 2020

Some things come easily to humans, one of them is the ability to navigate around. This capability of navigation suffers significantly in case of partial or complete blindness, restricting life activity. Advances in the technological landscape have given way to new solutions aiding navigation for the visually impaired. In this paper, we analyze the existing works and identify the challenges of path selection, context awareness, obstacle detection/identification and integration of visual and nonvisual information associated with real-time assisted mobility. In the process, we explore machine learning approaches for robotic path planning, multi constrained optimal path computation and sensor based wearable assistive devices for the visually impaired. It is observed that the solution to problem is complex and computationally intensive and significant effort is required towards the development of richer and comfortable paths for safe and smooth navigation of visually impaired people. We cannot overlook to explore more effective strategies of acquiring surrounding information towards autonomous mobility.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.225-238
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• 2022

The ultimate goal of human assisted reproductive technology is to achieve a healthy pregnancy and birth, ideally from the selection and transfer of a single competent embryo. Recently, techniques for efficiently evaluating the state and quality of preimplantation embryos using time-lapse imaging systems have been applied. Artificial intelligence programs based on deep learning technology and big data analysis of time-lapse monitoring system during in vitro culture of preimplantation embryos have also been rapidly developed. In addition, several molecular markers of the secretome have been successfully analyzed in spent embryo culture media, which could easily be obtained during in vitro embryo culture. It is also possible to analyze small amounts of cell-free nucleic acids, mitochondrial nucleic acids, miRNA, and long non-coding RNA derived from embryos using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or digital PCR, as well as next-generation sequencing. Various efforts are being made to use non-invasive evaluation of embryo quality (NiEEQ) to select the embryo with the best developmental competence. However, each NiEEQ method has some limitations that should be evaluated case by case. Therefore, an integrated analysis strategy fusing several NiEEQ methods should be urgently developed and confirmed by proper clinical trials.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2016

Minimally invasive surgery for gastric cancer has increased in popularity during the last two decades mainly in the Asia for patients with early-stage cancer. Nevertheless, the development of laparoscopic surgery for gastric cancers in the Western world has been slow because of the advanced stage at diagnosis for which LG is not yet considered an acceptable alternative to standard open surgery. RAG has been reported as a safe alternative to conventional surgery for treating of early gastric carcinoma. We assess the current status of robotic surgery in the treatment of gastric cancer focusing on the technical details, postoperative outcome, oncological considerations and future perspectives. In gastrectomy the biggest advantage of the robotic approach is the ease and reproducibility of lymphadenectomy. Reports also show that even the intra corporeal digestive restoration is facilitated by use of the robotic approach, particularly following TG. Additionally, the accuracy of robotic dissection is confirmed by decreased blood loss in comparison to conventional laparoscopy. The learning curve and technical reproducibility also appear to be shorter with robotic surgery and, consequently, robotics can help to standardize and diffuse minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of gastric cancer. While published reports have shown no significant differences in surgical morbidity, mortality, or oncological adequacy between robot-assisted and conventional gastrectomy. There are some advantages in terms of postoperative recovery of patients after robotic surgery. More studies are needed to assess the true indications and oncological effectiveness of robotic use in the treatment of gastric carcinoma.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.45-60
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• 2009

본 연구는 중학교 기술 가정과 옷차림 단원을 위한 e-러닝 시스템을 구현함으로써 학습자의 흥미와 이해를 높여 보다 효과적인 교수 학습활동을 할 수 있게 하고 기술 가정 의생활 영역에 대한 e-러닝 개발의 기초자료가 되고자 하였다. 연구방법으로 구체적인 상황학습의 효과와 보다 현실감 있는 학습 환경을 제공하기 위해 학습내용을 학습자가 직접 클릭해서 조작할 수 있도록 구현하였고 학습자의 주의와 동기를 유발시킬 수 있도록 의류 쇼핑몰의 최신 의복자료를 이용하여 개성 있게 코디하는 방법 등을 제시하고 또래들의 패션 사진을 사례에 맞게 적절히 활용하였다. 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 시뮬레이션 조작과 가시적 관찰을 할 수 있는 학습 자료의 구현으로 보다 쉽게 학습목표에 도달할 수 있도록 하였다. 둘째, 텍스트 보다는 오디오와 이미지, 동영상 자료를 많이 사용하여 보다 효과적인 교수 학습 활동이 이루어지도록 하였다. 셋째, 옷차림 단원 학습은 특히 유행과도 관련이 있는데 멀티미디어가 갖는 현실감 있고 생동적인 교육 자료를 시의 적절하게 제공함으로써 e-러닝의 장점을 최대한 활용하였고 학습내용을 학습자 자신의 실생활과 관련된 사진이나 동영상으로 제시함으로써 학습자의 동기유발이 되도록 하였다. 이상과 같은 연구를 바탕으로 옷차림 단원의 학습에 있어 본 연구에서 사용한 저작도구 뿐 만 아니라 다양한 멀티미디어 저작도구를 활용한 e-러닝 콘텐츠 개발의 추가적 연구 활동과 풍부한 수업자료의 확보를 위한 교수 학습 자료의 DB 구축을 제언한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2015

Background: The aim of this study was to establish whether pulmonary lobectomy using video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) can be safely performed by trainees with limited experience with open lobectomy. Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from 251 patients who underwent VATS lobectomy at a single institution between October 2007 and April 2011. The surgical outcomes of the procedures that were performed by three trainee surgeons were compared to the outcomes of procedures performed by a surgeon who had performed more than 150 VATS lobectomies. The cumulative failure graph of each trainee was used for quality assessment and learning curve analysis. Results: The surgery time, estimated blood loss, final pathologic stage, thoracotomy conversion rate, chest tube duration, duration of hospital stay, complication rate, and mortality rate were comparable between the expert surgeon and each trainee. Cumulative failure graphs showed that the performance of each trainee was acceptable and that all trainees reached proficiency in performing VATS lobectomy after 40 cases. Conclusion: This study shows that trainees with limited experience with open lobectomy can safely learn to perform VATS lobectomy for the treatment of lung cancer under expert supervision without compromising outcomes.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.169-179
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of simulation-based training (SBT) for basic life support (BLS) utilizing video-assisted debriefing (VAD) about non-technical skills (NTSs) and technical skills (TSs). The goal of the proposed study is the evaluation of a teaching method about the correct application of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Methods: The study design was a control group pre- and post-test non-synchronized experimental design. The sample included twelve teams of 36 nursing students. Both the experimental and the control groups received the SBT for BLS. Only the experimental groups received VAD where as the control groups had a verbal debriefing. Raters who used checklists for TSs and NTSs evaluated both groups. Data were analyzed by the SPSS 20.0 using Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), Mann-Whitney U test and Willcoxon signed rank test. Results: The experimental groups scored higher than the control groups in both TSs (p=.004) and the NTSs (p=.008). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that NTSs are an important factor that lead CPR successfully, so VAD can be used as an efficient teaching-learning strategy in the SBT for BLS for nursing students and nurses.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1317-1341
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• 2021

Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) is adopted to enable effective and smooth communication among different networks. In some specific application, the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are used in IoT to gather peculiar data without the interaction of human. The WSNs are self-organizing in nature, so it mostly prefer multi-hop data forwarding. Thus to achieve better communication, a cross-layer routing strategy is preferred. In the cross-layer routing strategy, the routing processed through three layers such as transport, data link, and physical layer. Even though effective communication achieved via a cross-layer routing strategy, energy is another constraint in WSN assisted IoT. Cluster-based communication is one of the most used strategies for effectively preserving energy in WSN routing. This paper proposes a Bio-inspired cross-layer routing (BiHCLR) protocol to achieve effective and energy preserving routing in WSN assisted IoT. Initially, the deployed sensor nodes are arranged in the form of a grid as per the grid-based routing strategy. Then to enable energy preservation in BiHCLR, the fuzzy logic approach is executed to select the Cluster Head (CH) for every cell of the grid. Then a hybrid bio-inspired algorithm is used to select the routing path. The hybrid algorithm combines moth search and Salp Swarm optimization techniques. The performance of the proposed BiHCLR is evaluated based on the Quality of Service (QoS) analysis in terms of Packet loss, error bit rate, transmission delay, lifetime of network, buffer occupancy and throughput. Then these performances are validated based on comparison with conventional routing strategies like Fuzzy-rule-based Energy Efficient Clustering and Immune-Inspired Routing (FEEC-IIR), Neuro-Fuzzy- Emperor Penguin Optimization (NF-EPO), Fuzzy Reinforcement Learning-based Data Gathering (FRLDG) and Hierarchical Energy Efficient Data gathering (HEED). Ultimately the performance of the proposed BiHCLR outperforms all other conventional techniques.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2007

이 연구에서는 컴퓨터 보조 수업에서 상황맥락적인 피드백의 활용이 학생들의 개념 이해도, 과학 학습동기, 컴퓨터 보조 수업에 대한 인식에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 인천시의 한 남녀 공학 중학교에 있는 1학년 114명의 학생들을 상황맥락적 피드백 CAI, 피드백 CAI, CAI 집단에 배치하고, 8차시 동안 ‘물질의 세 가지 상태'와 ‘분자의 운동'에 대하여 수업을 실시하였다. 구획변인은 중간고사 과학 성적을 사용하였다. 이원 공변량 분석 결과, 사전 과학 성취 수준에 관계없이 상황맥락적 피드백 CAI 집단의 개념 이해도 점수가 다른 CAI 집단에 비해 높았고, 그 점수 차이가 통계적으로 유의미하였다. 상위 학생들의 경우 피드백 CAI 집단의 과학학습 동기 점수가 CAI 집단의 점수보다 통계적으로 유의미하게 높았으나, 하위 학생들의 경우에는 세 집단 간 점수 차이가 통계적으로 유의미하지 않았다. 컴퓨터 보조 수업에 대한 인식의 경우, 상황맥락적 피드백 CAI 집단과 피드백 CAI 집단의 상위 학생들은 CAI 집단의 상위학생에 비해 컴퓨터 보조 수업에 대해 긍정적으로 인식하였다. 피드백 CAI 집단의 하위 학생들은 다른 두 CAI 집단보다 부정적인 인식이 약간 높았다. 교육학적 함의를 논의하였다.