• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.36-43
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• 2018

A great deal of difficulty is encountered in the thermo-mechanical analyses of nozzle assemblies for solid propellant rocket motors. The main issue in this paper is the modeling of the boundary conditions and the connections between the various components-gaps, relative movements of the components, contacts, friction, etc. This paper evaluates the complex phenomena of nozzle assemblies during burning time with co-simulations that include fluid, thermal surface reaction/ablation, and structural analysis. The validity of this approach is verified via comparison of analysis results with measured strains.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.12
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• pp.3902-3909
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• 2021

SACOS series of subchannel analysis codes have been developed by XJTU-NuTheL for many years and are being used for the thermal-hydraulic safety analysis of various reactor cores. To achieve fine whole core pin-level analysis, the input preprocessing and parallel capabilities of the code have been developed in this study. Preprocessing is suitable for modeling rectangular and hexagonal assemblies with less error-prone input; parallelization is established based on the domain decomposition method with the hybrid of MPI and OpenMP. For domain decomposition, a more flexible method has been proposed which can determine the appropriate task division of the core domain according to the number of processors of the server. By performing the calculation time evaluation for the several PWR assembly problems, the code parallelization has been successfully verified with different number of processors. Subsequent analysis results for rectangular- and hexagonal-assembly core imply that the code can be used to model and perform pin-level core safety analysis with acceptable computational efficiency.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.1119-1126
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• 2021

Spacer grid with mixing vane had been widely used in nuclear reactor core. One of the main feather of spacer grid with mixing vane was that strong swirl flow was formed after the spacer grid. The swirl flow not only changed the bubble generation in the near wall field, but also affected the bubble behaviors in the center region of the subchannel. The interaction between bubble and the swirl flow was one of the basic phenomena for the two phase flow modeling in fuel assembly. To obatin better understanding on the bubble behaviors in swirl flow, full three dimension numerical simulations were conducted in the present paper. The swirl flow was assumed in the cylindral calculation domain. The bubble interface was captured by Volume Of Fluid (VOF) method. The properties of saturated water and steam at different pressure were applied in the simulation. The bubble trajectory, motion, shape and force were obtained based on the bubble parameters captured by VOF. The simulation cases in the present study included single bubble with different size, at different angular velocity conditions and at different pressure conditions. The results indicated that bubble migrated to the center in swirl flow with spiral motion type. The lateral migration was mainly related to shear stress magnitude and bubble size. The bubble moved toward the center with high velocity when the swirl magnitude was high. The largest bubble had the highest lateral migration velocity in the present study range. The effect of pressure was small when bubble size was the same. The prelimenery simulation result would be beneficial for better understanding complex two phase flow phenomena in fuel assembly with spacer grid.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2021

Reinforcing bars, a major component of the pre-fab structure, adheres to the existing on-site assembly method and attempts to develop and commercialize the technology of the pre-assembly method, but the effect is insignificant. Welded Wire / Bar Mat (WBM) has various advantages such as commercialization of rebar through machine manufacturing to improve workability, but it is different from the existing design and the construction method is different from the previous one. Therefore, to maximize the advantages of WBM and improve productivity, manufacturing, transportation, and construction from the design stage should be considered based on BIM from the initial design stage. In this paper, the concept of the design support system for the WBM was established based on the use of BIM in concrete reinforcement and the preliminary research on the WBM. WBM conversion design was performed for the existing prefabricated members, and based on this, the exchange format and system of the master prefabricated model with the WBM design data were set up. As a result of the pilot test, it was found that the traditional reinforcing bar information extracted from the master prefab model has transmitted 100% accurately. As for the WBM information, 100% of the information on the straight reinforcement was transmitted and represented, and the information on the bent reinforcement was found to have a 90% recall in the master BIM tool.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.265-280
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• 2024

The collapse behavior observed in single-story beam-column assembly (SSBCA) do not accurately represent the actual overall stress characteristic of multi-story frame structure (MSFS) under column loss scenario owing to ignoring the interaction action among different stories, leading to a disconnection between the anti-collapse behaviors of "components" and "overall structures", that is, the anti-collapse performance of frame structures with two different structural scales has not yet formed a combined force. This paper conducts a numerical and theoretical study to explore the difference of the collapse behaviors of the SSBCA and MSFS, and further to reveal the internal force relationships and boundary constraints at beam ends of models SSBCA and MSFS. Based on the previous experimental tests, the corresponding refined numerical simulation models were established and verified, and comparative analysis on the resistant-collapse performance was carried out, based on the validated modeling methods with considering the actual boundary constraints, and the results illustrates that the collapse behaviors of the SSBCA and MSFS is not a simple multiple relationship. Through numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, the development laws of internal force in each story beam under different boundary constraints was clarified, and the coupling relationship between the bending moment at the most unfavorable section and axial force in the composite beam of different stories of multi story frames with weld cover-plated flange connections was obtained. In addition, considering the effect of the yield performance of adjacent columns on the anti-collapse bearing capacities of the SSBCA and MSFS during the large deformation stages, the calculation formula for the equivalent axial stiffness at the beam ends of each story were provided.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

In recent days, fuel cell has received attention from the world as an alternative power source to hydrocarbon used in automobile engines. With the industrial advances of fuel cell, There have been a lot of researches actively conducted to find a way of generating hydrogen. Among many hydrogen production methods, Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell(SOEC) is not only a basic way but also environment-friendly method to produce hydrogen gas. Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell has lower electrical energy demands and high thermal efficiency since it is possible to operate under high temperature and high pressure conditions. For these reasons, experimental researches as well as studies on numerical modeling for Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell have been under way. However, studies on numerical modeling are relatively less enough than experimental accomplishments and have limited performance prediction, which mostly is considered as a result from inadequate effects of electrochemical properties by temperature and pressure. In this study, various experimental studies of commercial Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) composed of Ni-YSZ (40wt%, Ni-60 wt% YSZ)/8-YSZ (TOSOH, TZ8Y)/LSM (La_0.9Sr_0.1MnO₃) was utilized for improving effectiveness of SOEC model. After numerically analyzing effects of electrochemical properties according to operating temperature, causing the largest deviation between experiments and simulation are that Charge Transfer Coefficient (CTC), exchange current density, diffusion coefficient, electrical conductivity in SOEC. Analyzing temperature effect on parameter used in overpotential model is conducted for modeling of SOEC. cross-validation method is adopted for application of various MEA and evaluating feasibility of model. As a result, the study confirm that the numerical model of SOEC based on structured process of effectiveness evaluation makes performance prediction better.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 2018

Modular construction can improve construction quality and accuracy through manufacturing process, and it allow massive production and cost savings by repeatedly producing the same unit. In particular, it is possible to reduce the time because the on-site work and the manufacturing process can be carried out at simultaneously. However, according to the modular construction project survey report, there is no significant difference regarding the average construction period between modular construction and conventional construction. This is due to schedule delay problems that occur during construction phase. Therefore, it is necessary to select alternatives to prevent schedule delay during on-site construction progressing. Especially, in case of large-scale modular construction project, on-site module assembly and manufacturing process are performed concurrently. Hence, identification of alternatives should be done at the co-occurrence by taking both manufacturing and on-site work process in to account. In this research, the management factors of large-scale modular construction project were identified through the IDEF0 modeling, and the quantity management model for manufacturing and assembly is developed. This will reduce the schedule delay problem that occurs in the progression on-site work of a large scale modular construction.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.313-342
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• 2014

A Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA), Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) benchmark for Uncertainty Analysis in Modeling (UAM) is defined in order to facilitate the development and validation of available uncertainty analysis and sensitivity analysis methods for best-estimate Light water Reactor (LWR) design and safety calculations. The benchmark has been named the OECD/NEA UAM-LWR benchmark, and has been divided into three phases each of which focuses on a different portion of the uncertainty propagation in LWR multi-physics and multi-scale analysis. Several different reactor cases are modeled at various phases of a reactor calculation. This paper discusses Phase I, known as the "Neutronics Phase", which is devoted mostly to the propagation of nuclear data (cross-section) uncertainty throughout steady-state stand-alone neutronics core calculations. Three reactor systems (for which design, operation and measured data are available) are rigorously studied in this benchmark: Peach Bottom Unit 2 BWR, Three Mile Island Unit 1 PWR, and VVER-1000 Kozloduy-6/Kalinin-3. Additional measured data is analyzed such as the KRITZ LEU criticality experiments and the SNEAK-7A and 7B experiments of the Karlsruhe Fast Critical Facility. Analyzed results include the top five neutron-nuclide reactions, which contribute the most to the prediction uncertainty in keff, as well as the uncertainty in key parameters of neutronics analysis such as microscopic and macroscopic cross-sections, six-group decay constants, assembly discontinuity factors, and axial and radial core power distributions. Conclusions are drawn regarding where further studies should be done to reduce uncertainties in key nuclide reaction uncertainties (i.e.: $^{238}U$ radiative capture and inelastic scattering (n, n') as well as the average number of neutrons released per fission event of $^{239}Pu$).

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.723-732
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a system dynamics model for adolescent obesity in Korea that could be used for obesity policy analysis. Methods: On the basis of the casual loop diagram, a model was developed by converting to stock and flow diagram. The Vensim DSS 5.0 program was used in the model development. We simulated method of moments to the calibration of this model with data from The Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey 2005 to 2013. We ran the scenario simulation. Results: This model can be used to understand the current adolescent obesity rate, predict the future obesity rate, and be utilized as a tool for controlling the risk factors. The results of the model simulation match well with the data. It was identified that a proper model, able to predict obesity probability, was established. Conclusion: These results of stock and flow diagram modeling in adolescent obesity can be helpful in development of obesity by policy planners and other stakeholders to better anticipate the multiple effects of interventions in both the short and the long term. In the future we suggest the development of an expanded model based on this adolescent obesity model.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.70-77
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• 2011

A ventilation-relief valve performs as a safety-valve assembly for the liquid-propellant feeding system of space launch vehicle. This valve plays a role of relieving the vaporized propellants from propellant tanks during the filling and storing stages of propellants. Also it regulates to maintain the pressure of ullage volume of on-board propellant tanks within the safety-margin during the flight. The simulation model of ventilation-relief valve is designed with AMESim to predict and evaluate the dynamic characteristics and pneumatic behaviors of valve. To validate a valve simulation model, the simulation results of the opening and closing pressures and their operating durations of valve by AMESim analysis are compared with the results of mathematical methods. In addition, the results of internal flow simulation with FLUENT are utilized to improve the accuracy of valve-modeling. This study will serve as one of reference guides to enhance the developmental efficiency of ventilation-relief valves with the various operating conditionss, which shall be used in Korea Space Launch Vehicle-II.