• Title/Summary/Keyword: Asp. niger

Search Result 40, Processing Time 0.025 seconds

Isolation and Some Properties of Bitter Taste Compounds from Cultured Oyster, Crassostrea gigas (양식산 굴로부터 쓴맛 성분의 분리 및 성질)

  • LEE Jong-Soo
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
    • /
    • v.28 no.1
    • /
    • pp.98-104
    • /
    • 1995
  • Five bitter taste compounds (OY-22, OY-23, OY-24, OY-25 and OY-26) were firstly isolated from cultured oyster (Crassostrea gigas) at Gamak Bay, Sourthern coast of Korea, between November, 1989 and January, 1990, and smoked-canned oyster, which were produced by the same oysters. They were presumed as cyclic peptides composed with 6 or 7 amino acids, including sulfur on the basis of NMR and MS spectra. Val and Leu in OY-24, leu and lie in OY-25 and tow leucines in OY-26 were detected from those each compounds, seperately, by the amino acid analysis. Another amino acids were thought as non-constitutional amino acids. They showed non-toxic to mice $(100{\mu}g/20g\;mice i.p.)$ and non actibacterial artivities to Asp. niger and B. subtilis $(10{\mu}g/disk)$. The chemical structures and other biological activities of them are now in studying.

  • PDF

Studies on the Utilization of several varieties of Acorn in Korea Part 1. Amino Acid Contents of Korean Acorn eliminated Tannin and Isolation of Strains producing tannin-hydrolyzing-enzyme (한국산 도토리의 이용에 관한 연구 제 1보 : Tannin 분해효소 생산균수의 검색, 한국재내식 방법에 의하여 Tannin을 제거한 도토리 분말의 일반성분 및 동단백질의 Amino acid 조성에 관하여)

  • 김창식;신응태
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
    • /
    • v.3 no.1
    • /
    • pp.17-22
    • /
    • 1975
  • Studies on the elimination of tannin from the acorns containing tannin up to 9%, for the utilization of the acorns in Korea, carried out as follows: 1. The strain of Asp. niger sp. which yield the reasonable enzymatic activity of tannase was isolated from the rotten acorns. 2. The method of hydrolyzing tannin in the water by suspending, and agitatiag the acorn powder: followed by decantation, showed the best result aomng the conventional methods in the efficiency of removal of tannin and in the economy of the process by reducing the tannin content to 0.18% in 24 hours. 3. It was notable that the acorn'powder from which the tannin was eliminated contains various essential amino acids in relatively ample a mount.

  • PDF

The Bildegradability of Carrageenan-based Film by Microorganisms (Carrageenan 필름의 미생물에 의한 생분해도 측정)

  • Kang, Seong Gook;Jung, Soon-Teck;Park, Hyun Jin;Rhim, Jong Whan
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
    • /
    • v.23 no.6
    • /
    • pp.702-709
    • /
    • 1995
  • Degradation Of $\kappa $-carrageenan-based film by microorganisms screened from carrageenan source and activated sludge of a carrageenan producing factory was investigated by measuring changes of pH, viscosity, total sugar and total organic carbon (TOC) of the medium containing $\kappa $-carrageenan as a carbon source. Initially fifteen strains of microorganism were isolated from carrageenan source and activated sludge and then three organisms among them were selected based on the ability of growing in the medium including 0.3% $\kappa $-carrageenan as a sole carbon source. They were identified as Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger. As indices of biodegradability Of $\kappa $-carrageenan based film, the changes of pH, viscosity, total sugar, and TOC of the carrageenan film-based medium were tested by the cultivation of single or mixed strains of the identified organisms. Mixed culture showed the highest biodegradability, which resulted in the changes of pH from 6.5 to 3.0, viscosity from 164 cps to 15.6 cps, total sugar content from 2.35 g/l to 0.53 g/l and TOC from 5721 ppm to 232 ppm after 30 days of cultivation. The biodegradability determined as the reduction rate of TOC by pure cultures of Asp. niger, E. coli, Sacch. cerevisiae and mixed culture of the three organisms were 94%, 86%, 80% and 96%, respectively.

  • PDF

Effects of Raw Materials and Various Molds on the Production of Koji

  • Yi, Sang-Duk;Yang, Jae-Seung;Lee, Gyu-Hee;Park, Seong-Hyun;Oh, Man-Jin
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
    • /
    • v.6 no.2
    • /
    • pp.101-106
    • /
    • 2001
  • Alpha-amylase and glucoamylase activities were higher in koji with 40% water than that with 30 and 50% water, and A. oryzae exhibited very high alpha-amylase and glucoamylase activities compared to A. sojae and A. niger. Acidic, neutral and alkaline protease activities also showed higher activities in koji prepared with flour, Korean wheat powder and soybean powder with 40% water based on the weight of the sample. Alpha-amylase, acidic, neutral and alkaline protease activities of all the koji samples according to incubation periods increased until 3~4 days of incubation and maintained nearly the same level or slightly decreased after 5 days of incubation. The protease activities of A. oryzae and A. sojae showed nearly the same trend regardless of differences in substrate conditions and koji materials, but those of A. niger showed a lower activity than those of A. oryzae and A. sojae. These results suggest that the preparation of koji is possible with Korean wheat powder and soybean powder and A. sojae can be utilized as a new strain for fermented foods using soybean as the main materials to increase functional properties and produce products having a new taste and flavor.

  • PDF

Thermostable Sites and Catalytic Characterization of Xylanase XYNB of Aspergillus niger SCTCC 400264

  • Li, Xin Ran;Xu, Hui;Xie, Jie;Yi, Qiao Fu;Li, Wei;Qiao, Dai Rong;Cao, Yi;Cao, Yu
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    • /
    • v.24 no.4
    • /
    • pp.483-488
    • /
    • 2014
  • In order to improve the expression of heat-resistant xylanase XYNB from Aspergillus niger SCTCC 400264, XynB has been cloned into Pichia pastoris secretary vector pPIC9K. The XynB production of recombinant P. pastoris was four times that of E. coli, and the $V_{max}$ and specific activity of XynB reached $2,547.7{\mu}mol/mg$ and 4,757 U/mg, respectively. XynB still had 74% residual enzyme activity after 30 min of heat treatment at $80^{\circ}C$. From the van der Waals force analysis of XYNB (ACN89393 and AAS67299), there is one more oxygen radical in AAS67299 in their catalytic site, indicating that the local cavity is much more free, and it is more optimal for substrate binding, affinity reaction, and proton transfer, etc, and eventually increasing enzyme activity. The H-bonds analysis of XYNB indicated that there are two more H-bonds in the 33rd Ser of XYNB (AAS67299) than in the 33rd Ala(ACN89393 ), and two H-bonds between Ser70 and Asp67.

Antomicrobial Activity amd Preservative Dffects of chitosan on cosmetic Products

  • Lee, Bum-Chun;Pyo, Hyung-Bae;Lee, Chung-Wu
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
    • /
    • v.23 no.3
    • /
    • pp.122-127
    • /
    • 1997
  • Chitin and chitosan have been almost neglected until 1960's although they second largest biomass on earth. Chitosan is a partially deacetylated chitin and belongs to the class of cationic biopolymers. We investigated the antimicrobial activity of chitosan as natural preservatives in cosmetic products. Antimicrobial activity of chitosan against some microorganisms was investigated. The results indicated that chitosan had an effectiveness against some bacteria. We found that chitosan had minimum inhibitory concentataions as low as 100 ppm to S. aureus ATCC 6538, E. coli ATCC 1634 and P. aeruginosa KCTC 2004. But there was not effects to Asp. Niger ATCC 1374 at 1,000 ppm. Also, formuias preserved with chitosan have been subjected to preservative efficacy tests to some microorganisms. Formla preserved with 0.5% chitosan had an effective antimicrobial activity against the Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria but not fungi. It is possible to dertermine the formulas with chitosan, which would be effective to reduce the artificial preservatives.

  • PDF

Radiosensitivity of Molds Isolated from Honey Pollen (꿀화분 곰팡이의 방사선 감수성)

  • Lee, Jae-Won;Kim, Young-Bae;Choi, Eon-Ho
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
    • /
    • v.29 no.4
    • /
    • pp.416-421
    • /
    • 1986
  • 방사선을 이용한 화분의 저장방법을 개선하기 위하여 저장중인 메밀 화분으로 부터 곰팡이를 분리, 동정하고 이들의 방사선 감수성을 조사하였다. 분리, 동정된 곰팡이는 Penicillium jenseni, Aspergillus oryzae, Asp. niger, Alternaria SP. 으로 이들 포자의 $D_{10}$ 값은 각각 0.43, 0.54, 0.58, 0.97kGy 이었고, 유도선량은 각각 0.23, 0.18, 0.23, 0kGy이었다. Pen. jenseni 포자의 방사선 감수성은 용존산소하에서 증가하였으며 이에 열처리를 병용하였을 때는 유도선량이 현저하게 감소하였다. 화분 중의 총세균과 곰팡이의 $D_{10}$ 값은 각각 1.25kGy와 $1.50{\sim}4.30kGy$이었다.

  • PDF

The Mycobiota of Air Inside and Outside the Meju Fermentation Room and the Origin of Meju Fungi

  • Kim, Dae-Ho;Kim, Sun-Hwa;Kwon, Soon-wo;Lee, Jong-Kyu;Hong, Seung-Beom
    • Mycobiology
    • /
    • v.43 no.3
    • /
    • pp.258-265
    • /
    • 2015
  • The fungi on Meju are known to play an important role as degrader of macromolecule of soybeans. In order to elucidate the origin of fungi on traditional Meju, mycobiota of the air both inside and outside traditional Meju fermentation rooms was examined. From 11 samples of air collected from inside and outside of 7 Meju fermentation rooms, 37 genera and 90 species of fungi were identified. In outside air of the fermentation room, Cladosporium sp. and Cladosporium cladosporioides were the dominant species, followed by Cladosporium tenuissimum, Eurotium sp., Phoma sp., Sistotrema brinkmannii, Alternaria sp., Aspergillus fumigatus, Schizophyllum commune, and Penicillium glabrum. In inside air of the fermentation room, Cladosporium sp., Aspergillus oryzae, Penicillium chrysogenum, Asp. nidulans, Aspergillus sp., Cla. cladosporioides, Eurotium sp., Penicillium sp., Cla. tenuissimum, Asp. niger, Eur. herbariorum, Asp. sydowii, and Eur. repens were collected with high frequency. The concentrations of the genera Aspergillus, Eurotium, and Penicillium were significantly higher in inside air than outside air. From this result and those of previous reports, the origin of fungi present on Meju was inferred. Of the dominant fungal species present on Meju, Lichtheimia ramosa, Mucor circinelloides, Mucor racemosus, and Scopulariopsis brevicaulis are thought to be originated from outside air, because these species are not or are rarely isolated from rice straw and soybean; however, they were detected outside air of fermentation room and are species commonly found in indoor environments. However, Asp. oryzae, Pen. polonicum, Eur. repens, Pen. solitum, and Eur. chevalieri, which are frequently found on Meju, are common in rice straw and could be transferred from rice straw to Meju. The fungi grow and produce abundant spores during Meju fermentation, and after the spores accumulate in the air of fermentation room, they could influence mycobiota of Meju fermentation in the following year. This could explain why concentrations of the genera Aspergillus, Eurotium, and Penicillium are much higher inside than outside of the fermentation rooms.

Biodegradation effect of cross-cultivated fungi and edible mushrooms on plastic films (식용버섯과 진균 교차 배양을 활용한 플라스틱 필름의 생물학적 분해효과)

  • Doo-Ho Choi;Eunji Lee;Gi-Hong An;Kang-Hyo Lee
    • Journal of Mushroom
    • /
    • v.22 no.1
    • /
    • pp.31-36
    • /
    • 2024
  • Plastics are widely used in industries in human society and because of their structural stability, degradation is a serious global issue. To estimate the degradation of plastic, 31 edible mushrooms were cultured with the selected plastic films (polyethylene [PE], polystyrene [PS], and poly(ethylene terephthalate) [PET]) for 3 months at 25 ℃. Measuring the weight of the films showed that four species of mushrooms, namely Porostereum spadiceum, Ganoderma lucidum, Coprinellus micaceus, and Pleurotus ostreatus, exhibited the highest degrees of plastic degradation. In addition, the mushrooms and fungi that exhibited the most significant plastic degradation were cross-cultured to promote this degradation. As a result, cross-cultivation of G. lucidum and Aspergillus niger showed a weight loss of 2.49% for the PET film. For the PS film, Aspergillus nidulans showed a weight loss of 4.06%. Cross-cultivation of A. nidulans and C. micaceus, which showed a weight loss of 2.95%, was noted as an alternative for PS biodegradation, but is harmful to humans. These bio-degradation effects of edible mushroom will contribute to the development of alternatives for eco-friendly plastic degradation.

Enzymatic Milling Process for Barley Flour Preparation (보리의 효소적(酵素的) 제분(製粉) 및 이용(利用)에 관한 연구)

  • Kwon, Tai-Wan;Ahn, Byung-Yoon;Choi, Weon-Sang;Cheigh, Hong-Sik
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.18 no.3
    • /
    • pp.197-203
    • /
    • 1986
  • An enzymatic flour milling process for barley into three major fractions (barley flour, bran-crease-germ and water solubles) was studied. Carbohydrate and protein of barley endosperm could be efficiently solubilized by the digestion process of partially pearled barley with enzymes. Bran, crease and germ were removed from hydrolyzate by filtering through 30-40mesh sieves. And then filtered product was separated into fractions by sedimentation or centrifugation. The most effective digestion of the barley was obtained by the enzyme with higher activities of glucanase and protease under such conditions as barley-water ratio, 1:1.5(W/V) and temperature at $45^{\circ}C$. Total flour yield recovered was approximately 73-76% of the barley, and the portions recovered as bran-crease-germ and water solubles were about 3.6 and 15.8%, respectively.

  • PDF