• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.425-434
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate of the dietary life and nutritional status of the Buddhist priests. Dietary life, the state of prepare a meal and menu are carried out through the questionnaire and the nutritional status is carried out through the analysis of the constituents of the blood. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. 1. The traditional temple's foods undergo a change with the variety and westernization of dietary life. 2. Buddhist priests take a carbohydrate centered meal and the intake of protein and lipid is tendency to lack, but the intake of vitamin and mineral is sufficient with various vegetables. 3. The content of the lipid compoents and glucose of blood are low and they are free from the danger of geriatric diseases but the content of triglyceride is very higher than the healthy general adults. Therefore it is necessary to improve the nutritional status of the buddhist priests with decrease the intake of rice and increase the various side dish and to develop the standard menu for the Buddhist priests.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.402-414
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• 2010

A survey was conducted to study the ingredient and the nutrition of Yukwa consumed in Jeonbuk region. Additional survey was performed to the adult population in Jeobook region to identify the recognition and improvement of Yukwa. The ingredient and baking process varies from each region. The modernization of Yukwa baking process requires introduction of new flavour using new ingredient and simplification of the baking process as these two factors are holding back the modernization of the Yukwa. Top quality Yukwa can be produced by standardized baking process, using top quality agricultural goods, cultivated in Korea. The key to making Yukwa more accessible to the public is by simplifying the current baking process, including the drying process Bandegi, which is the most complicated process of all.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2009

In this study, food protein hydrolysates were prepared from six types of food protein: purified meat protein, whole egg protein, casein, isolated soy protein, concentrated rice protein, and gluten. Food proteins were hydrolyzed with pepsin and ethanol (80%)-soluble fractions of pepsin hydrolysates were employed for analysis. The products were colorless and odorless powders with low fat content and good solubility. The MW (molecular weight) of the protein hydrolysates was confirmed to be $200{\sim}1,800$ via gel filtration. Free amino acid contents accounted for less than 5% of the samples. The results of our amino acid analysis revealed that all food protein hydrolysates preserved their original amino acid compositions and nutritional values of their source proteins with highly pure oligopeptide mixtures. These results show that the food protein hydrolysates prepared in these investigations should prove excellent dietary nitrogen sources for a variety of applications.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.234-240
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• 2013

This study investigated the quality characteristics of gruel supplemented with purple sweet potato. The gruel was prepared with rice powder, salt, and various amounts of purple sweet potato (0, 2, 4, 6, 8%). Increasing the content of purple sweet potato decreased the pH and viscosity of the gruel, whereas sugar content and spreadability gradually increased. In addition, the content of purple sweet potato increased, the lightness (L) significantly decreased, while redness (a) and yellowness (b) increased. The results of the sensory evaluation show that overall-acceptability was highest for the gruel containing 6% purple sweet potato. In conclusion, the results shows that the gruel with 6% purple sweet potato is the best. This study indicates that it is possible to enhance the quality and acceptability of gruel by adding purple sweet potato powder.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 1994

In this paper a review of literature on Nuruk(yeast) between 1907 and 1945 was made, which showed that barley, rice bran, oat, rye, and other ingredients were originally used according to region and production quantity. Yeast can be classified into rough (Chokuk) and powder (Bunkuk) types depending on the degree of grinding. Yeast also had seasonal names, being called " Choonkuk", Hakuk", Jeolkuk", and "Dongkuk" in the spring, summer, autumn and wither respectively. The form of yeast in terms of quantity, size, and shape varied greatly by region, Production facilities were composed of plant structures to suit each process, enabling continuous output. The production process included shaping, placement in the fermenting chamber, piling by turns, risk-sifting and final output. Testing procudures were divided into visual inspection, physical testing, and chemical analyses.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.194-199
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• 2011

The results of a study on the effects of variable chestnut content (0~25%) on the palatability of Sulgidduk or steamed rice cake were as follows: moisture content and degrees Brix increased significantly following an increase in chestnut content. L value and a value decreased significantly, whereas b value increased significantly. Sensory evaluation scores increased in the order of 15% > 10% > 25% > 20% > 0% chestnut content. Thus, we believe that the addition of 15% chestnut increases the palatability of Sulgidduk.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.123-129
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• 2000

Lynceid conchostracans of the order Laevicaudata in East Asia are reviewed. Validity of the three older species, Lynceus mandsuricus Daday, Lynceus biformis (Ishikawa), and Lynceus dauricus Thiele, is examined and discussed. Two species among them were acknowledged but L. dauricus was synonymized to L. biformis and redescribed and illustrated in the present paper, based on the materials collected from the rice-fields at 15 localities in Korea.

• Proceedings of the EASDL Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.83-83
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• 2003

Electron donating ability by DPPH and nitrite scavenge were measured in ethanol extracts from raw, simple cooked and seasoned materials of Bibimbab(mixed rice), Korean traditional one-dish meal. Ethanol extracts of raw frugrantedible wild aster showed the highest electron donating abilities(80.28%) by DPPH. When its seasoned materials were compared with raw and simple cooked materials, it showed the highest electron donating abilities by DPPH.(중략)

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.629-632
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• 1999

Constructed wetlands are being used for the removal of nutrients from livestock wastewater. However, natural vegetation typically used in constructed wetlands does not have marketable value. As an alternative, agronomic plants grown under flooded or saturated soil conditions that promote denitrification can be used. Studies on constructed wetlands for swine wastewater were conducted in wetland cells that contained either natural wetland plants or a combination of soybeans and rice for two years with the objective of maximum nitrogen reduction to minimize the amount of land required for terminal treatment. Three systems, of two 3.6 by 33.5 m wetland cells connected in series were used; two systems each contained a different combination of emergent wetland vegetation: rush/bulrush (system 1) and bur-reed/cattail (system 2). The third system contained soybean (Glycine max) in saturated-soil-culture (SSC) in the first cell, and flooded rice (Oryza sativa) in the second cell. Nitrogen (N) loading rates of 3 and $10kg\;ha^{-1}\;day^{-1}$ were used in the first and second years, respectively. These loading rates were obtained by mixing swine lagoon liquid with fresh water before it was applied to the wetland. The nutrient removal efficiency was similar in the rush/bulrush, bur-reed/cattails and agronomic plant systems. Mean mass removal of N was 94 % at the loading rate of $3kg\;N\;ha^{-1}\;day^{-1}$ and decreased to 71% at the higher rate of $10kg\;N\;ha^{-1}\;day^{-1}$. The two years means for above-ground dry matter production for rush/bulrushes and bur-reed/cattails was l2 and $33Mg\;ha^{-1}$, respectively. Flooded rice yield was $4.5Mg\;ha^{-1}$ and soybean grown in saturation culture yielded $2.8Mg\;ha^{-1}$. Additionally, the performance of seven soybean cultivars using SSC in constructed wetlands with swine wastewater as the water source was evaluated for two years, The cultivar Young had the highest yield with 4.0 and $2.8Mg\;ha^{-1}$ in each year, This indicated that production of acceptable soybean yields in constructed wetlands seems feasible with SSC using swine lagoon liquid. Two microcosms studies were established to further investigate the management of constructed wetlands. In the first microcosm experiment, the effects of swine lagoon liquid on the growth of wetland plants at half (about 175 mg/l ammonia) and full strength (about 350 mg/l ammonia) was investigated. It was concluded that wetland plants can grow well in at least half strength lagoon liquid. In the second microcosm experiment, sequencing nitrification-wetland treatments was studied. When nitrified lagoon liquid was added in batch applications ($48kg\;N\;ha^{-1}\;day^{-1}$) to wetland microcosms the nitrogen removal rate was four to five times higher than when non-nitrified lagoon liquid was added. Wetland microcosms with plants were more effective than those with bare soil. These results suggest that vegetated wetlands with nitrification pretreatment are viable treatment systems for removal of large quantities of nitrogen from swine lagoon liquid.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.1256-1266
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• 2009

Effects of particle size and physical effective fibre (peNDF) of rice straw in diets on chewing activities, feed intake, flow, site and extent of digestion and rumen fermentation in goats were investigated. A 4${\times}$4 Latin square design was employed using 4 mature Liuyang black goats fitted with permanent ruminal, duodenal, and terminal ileal fistulae. During each of the 4 periods, goats were offered 1 of 4 diets that were similar in nutritional content but varied in particle sizes and peNDF through alteration of the theoretical cut length of rice straw (10, 20, 40, and 80 mm, respectively). Dietary peNDF contents were determined using a sieve for particle separation above 8 mm, and were 17.4, 20.9, 22.5 and 25.4%, respectively. Results showed that increasing the particle size and peNDF significantly (p<0.05) increased the time spent on rumination and chewing activities, duodenal starch digestibility and ruminal pH, and decreased ruminal starch digestibility and $NH_{3}$-N concentration. Intake and total tract digestibility of nutrients (i.e. dry matter, organic matter, and starch) and ruminal fermentation were not affected by the dietary particle size and peNDF. Increased particle size and peNDF did not affect ruminal fibre digestibility, but had a great impact on the intestinal and total tract fibre digestibility. The study suggested that rice straw particle size or dietary peNDF was the important influential factor for chewing activity, intestinal fibre and starch digestibility, and ruminal pH, but had minimal impact on feed intake, duodenal and ileal flow, ruminal and total tract digestibility, and ruminal fermentation.