• 복식
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.117-128
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• 2002

This paper is extended the meaning and period of CONICAL HAT. That is, the race in Central Asia and Western Asia have worn the conical hat before Scytian appeared. One in conical hat puts on the clothes of two-piece style and has the lifestyle. a horse riding and nomadism. Besides the race originate into the Indo-European language family. On the whole the conical hat has relations with the region and is classified into two groups. Scytian and Klin-Yar style. First. the Scytian style of low hat forms the seam of two-piece and is discovered in Southern Russia. Central Asia and East-Northern Asia. Second, the Klin-Yar style of high hat forms the one piece and generally is discovered in Asia Minor and west of Altai. Until now the moaning of the conical hat has focused on the military. However, one in Central Asia and Western Asia is mostly a king. nobility and god. Therefore, in addition to the meaning of military. I estimate that the conical hat may be expressed as the noble status.

• Acta Via Serica
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.119-135
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• 2016

The initial phase of the Mongol invasion resulted in the establishment of relative political stability in the vast expanses of Eurasia, which came under the control of a single political entity - the Mongol realm. This contributed to a fairly rapid restoration of the commercial links and trade routes between the East and the West. During this period, Chinese silk again became available in large quantities in the Western markets. At the same time, the beginning of silk production and manufacturing of silk fabrics in Italy and the fashion flash for these goods in Western countries affected trade between Europe and the Muslim world. The centers of silk production in the Ilkhanid Empire were some provinces of Azerbaijan and Persia, where from it was exported in large numbers along the trade routes of Anatolia and Syria to the Mediterranean ports and further to the west. There are numerous testimonies of European travelers, and Muslim authors related the international silk trade in 13th-15th centuries, ie in the era from the Mongol Ilkhanid Empire till the reign of the Turkman Aqqoyunlu dynasty. One of the most informative documentary sources on this issue are the legislative codes (kanuname) of sultan Uzun Hasan from the Aqqoyunlu dynasty regarding the eastern provinces of the Asia Minor. This article presents and analyzes the information from these documents concerning the whole range of goods related to silk and silk fabrics trade in the period under the consideration.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권5호
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• pp.1114-1125
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• 2021

Supplying a sufficient amount of high-quality colostrum is a prevailing challenge in Hanwoo calf production systems. This study aimed to describe the efficiency of a lacteal-derived colostrum replacer versus natural bovine colostrum (from Holstein) fed to Hanwoo calves. Forty newborn Hanwoo calves (25 males and 15 females; 30.7 ± 3.15 kg body weight [mean ± standard deviation]) were blocked by sex and birth weight and fed either natural colostrum or a commercial colostrum replacer. Calves displayed a narrow difference in the evolution of body weight and structural body dimensions when they received a commercial versus natural colostrum. Minor differences existed in the starter and total dry matter consumption between calves fed natural or commercial colostrum. Although the colostrum source had no significant effects on days to first diarrhea (average of 7.6 days; p = 0.17), the duration of diarrhea was longer in natural colostrum-fed calves (3.2 vs. 4.5 days; p = 0.04). Consumption of natural colostrum resulted in greater mean serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) on day 2 (14.7 vs. 10.8 ± 0.92 mg/mL) and day 7 (8.21 vs. 5.12 ± 0.82 mg/mL) of calf life, resulting in a greater proportion of commercial colostrum-fed calves (50% vs. 15%; day 2) to experience failure of passive transfer of immunity (serum IgG < cutoff point of 10 mg/mL). Overall, growth rate, body frame development, and incidence of diarrheal disease were not different in both groups. These results suggested that the colostrum replacer product tested in this study could be an alternative to natural colostrum derived from Holstein cow in securing calf growth and health in Hanwoo calf-rearing operations.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.126-140
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• 2012

국내에 분포하는 나자스말속(Najas L.) 분류군의 형태적 변이를 파악하고 각 분류군의 식별형질을 검토하기 위하여 32개 정량형질을 이용하여 주성분분석을 수행하였다. 나자스말속의 분류군에서 잎의 너비, 엽초의 모양, 엽연의 거치수, 약실의 수, 한 줄에 배열하는 종자의 그물눈 수와 길이의 비 등이 유용한 식별형질로 파악되었다. 자웅이주인 민나자스말(N. marina)은 잎과 줄기, 수꽃과 암꽃, 열매가 대형으로서 자웅동주인 다른 분류군들과 뚜렷하게 구분되었다. 자웅동주인 분류군들 중에서 나자스말(N. graminea), 실나자스말(N. gracillima), 동아나자스말(N. orientalis)은 영양 형질에 의하여 식별이 가능하지만, 톱니나자스말(N. minor)과 큰톱니나자스말(N. oguraensis)은 수꽃에 있는 약실의 수에 의해서만 구분되었다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1999

동물지리학적 분석결과 한국산 종들의 분포 양상을 보면 Holarctic(9.6%), Transpalearctic(38.4%), Transpalearctic-Oriental(8.2%), Eastern Palearctic(Trans-Far East Asia)-Oriental(4.1%), Eastern Palearctic(17.8%)과 Endemic(21.9%)으로 나타났다. 한국산 뭉툭맵시벌아과는 구북계에서 종들과 고유종의 분포가 많은 것으로 보아 북반구에서 도래한 것으로 여겨진다. 뭉툭맵시벌아과의 가장 오래된 화석종은 Catachora minor Townes, Urotrophon Pusillus Townes 등 2종이다. 뭉툭맵시벌아과의 전세계의 분포는 대륙이동과 거의 유사하게 이루어 졌다고 여겨진다.

• 한국해양환경ㆍ에너지학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2015

해양 생물에 대한 교란은 해양쓰레기의 악영향 중 하나이다. 이 연구에서는 한국의 서해안에 있는 수하암이라는 섬에서 수행된 조사를 바탕으로 플라스틱 해양쓰레기를 포함하고 있는 저어새 둥지의 비율이 계산되었다. 플라스틱을 포함하고 있는 둥지의 비율은 2010년 71%에서 2011년 37%, 2012년 33%로 줄어들었다. 전체 둥지의 개수는 2010년 28개에서 2011년 38개, 2012년 43개로 늘어났다. 이 번식지에 2011년과 2012년에 나뭇가지와 볏짚 등의 자연물 둥지 재료가 공급되었는데, 이런 보호 활동이 위와 같은 변화의 한 원인으로 보인다. 해양쓰레기의 악영향을 줄이기 위해 추가적인 보호 활동이 필요하다.

• 수완나부미
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.27-65
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• 2014

Flourishing in the Central Dry Zone of Burma during a period from the mid-eleventh to the late-thirteenth century A.D., the historical kingdom of Pagan was one of the major Buddhist centers in Southeast Asia. The significance of Pagan as an important pilgrimage site of the region, where numerous relics of the Buddha were enshrined, had been maintained until long after the fall of its civilization. It is evident that the artistic influences of Pagan, particularly in the architectural and decorative domains, had been transmitted to various other Buddhist civilizations in the area. This study provides a detailed analysis on the relationships between the mural tradition of Pagan and those of its neighboring civilizations in Thailand-of the Ayutthayā, Lānnā and Sukhothai schools-dating from after the Pagan Period in the fourteenth century to the sixteenth century. Surprisingly, as the analysis of this study has suggested, such relationships seemed to be trivial, more on a minor stylistic basis than on substantial ideological and iconographic grounds. They suggest that transmission of the complex idea and superb craftsmanship of the mural tradition would not have been maintained adequately at Pagan after its civilization, probably due to the lack of royal patronage. It would have been extremely difficult for foreign pilgrims who visited Pagan after its dynastic period to appreciate the surviving murals of this lost tradition in terms of their complex programs and associated symbolism. Also, there had been a new center of the Sinhalese Buddhism firmly established in the Martaban area of lower Burma since the mid-fourteenth century that outcompeted Pagan in terms of supplying the new Buddhist ideas and tradition. Its fame spread wide and far among the Buddhist communities of Southeast Asia. Later, these Buddhist communities also established direct contact with Sri Lanka. The Sukhothai murals and the Ayutthayā murals in the crypt of Wat Rātchaburana, dating from the fourteenth/fifteenth century, show obvious Sri Lankan influence in terms of artistic style and Buddhist iconography. They could be a product of these new religious movements, truly active in Southeast Asia during that time.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.80-80
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• 2018

Hosta is a genus of the family Asparagaceae and distributed in East Asia. There are six Hosta species (Hosta capitata (Koidz.) Nakai, H. clausa Nakai, H. jonesii M.G.Chung, H. minor (Baker) Nakai, H. venusta F.Maek., and H. yingeri S.B.Jones) native to Korea and among them, four species (H. minor, H. jonesii, H. venusta and H. yingeri) are endemic to the Korea peninsula. Hosta is generally propagated by seed, crown division or tissue culture. However, tissue culture is a more efficient method to mass proliferation, a new cultivar development and disease-free plantlet production in a limit time. Hence, we conducted this study to evaluate the influence of various plant growth regulators (PGRs) treatments on the induction of callus and somatic embryo of the six Hosta species. Leaf, petiole and root were used to select optimum tissue culture explants. Petiole explants thus only were used for callus induction and somatic embryogenesis with TDZ (0.1, 0.5 or 1.0mg/L) and NAA (0.1 or 0.5 mg/L) combinations. After 12 weeks of culture, the highest rate of somatic embryogenesis was achieved on modificated MS medium containing 1.0 mg/L TDZ and 0.1 mg/L NAA in H. capitata and H. minor (15.5%, respectively), 0.1 or 0.5 mg/L TDZ and 0.1 mg/L NAA in H. jonesii (22.2%), 1.0 mg/L TDZ and 0.5 mg/L NAA in H. yingeri (26.7%), and 0.1 mg/L TDZ and 0.5 mg/L NAA in H. venusta (53.3%). H. clausa showed very low effect on somatic embryogenesis by PGRs; 2.2%. There was interspecies difference to PGRs respond for callus and somatic embryo induction. Regenerated multiple shoots and plantlet of H. minor, H. jonesii, H. venusta and H. yingeri were obtained via somatic embryogenesis.

• International Journal of Contents
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.36-42
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• 2014

Previous studies of the Korean wave have focused mainly on fan clubs by taking an ethnographic approach in the context of countries in Southeast Asia and, in a minor extension, Europe. This study fills the gap in the literature by providing a social network analysis of Tweets in the context of Mexico. We used the Twitter API in order to collect Twitter comments with the hashtag #kpop from March to August 2012, analyzing them with a set of webometric methodologies. The results indicate that #kpop power Twitterians in Mexico were more likely to be related to the public television broadcast. The sent Tweets were usually related to their programs and promotion for Kpop artists. These Tweets tended to be positive, and according to URLs, not only Kpop but also Korean dramas had considerable influence on the Korean wave in Mexico.

• Mycobiology
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.188-195
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• 2021

The genus Pseudoperonospora, an obligate biotrophic group of Oomycota, causes the most destructive foliar downy mildew disease on many economically important crops and wild plants. A previously unreported disease by Pseudoperonospora was found on oriental pickling melon (Cucumis melo var. conomon) in Korea, which is a minor crop cultivated in the temperate climate zone of East Asia, including China, Korea, and Japan. Based on molecular phylogenetic and morphological analyses, the causal agent was identified as Pseudoperonospora cubensis, and its pathogenicity has been proven. Importantly, two phylogenetic clades of P. cubensis, harboring probably two distinct species, were detected within the same plots, suggesting simultaneous coexistence of the two clades. This is the first report of P. cubensis causing downy mildew on oriental pickling melon in Korea, and the confirmation of presence of two phylogenetic clades of this pathogen in Korea. Given the high incidence of P. cubensis and high susceptibility of oriental pickling melon to this disease, phytosanitary measures, including rapid diagnosis and effective control management, are urgently required.