• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.115-118
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• 1994

Differences of feeding response of 280 silkworm genetic stocks and 71 breeding lines to MP-O artificial diet and the mode of the inheritance were investigated. Feeding response to MP-O diet varied markedly between the silkworm varieties, and the non-normally distributed curve for the response was observed. From the genetic analysis, the high feeding response to MP-O diet was recessive to the low feeding response. Therefore it is considered that the high feeding response of the newly hatched silkwrom larvae to MP-O diet is controlled by a recessive gene.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.801-812
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Diet planning in childcare centers is difficult because of the required knowledge of nutrition and development as well as the high design complexity associated with large numbers of food items. Artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to provide diet-planning solutions via automatic and effective application of professional knowledge, addressing the complexity of optimal diet design. This study presents the results of the evaluation of the utility of AI-generated diets for children and provides related implications. MATERIALS/METHODS: We developed 2 AI solutions for children aged 3-5 yrs using a generative adversarial network (GAN) model and a reinforcement learning (RL) framework. After training these solutions to produce daily diet plans, experts evaluated the human- and AI-generated diets in 2 steps. RESULTS: In the evaluation of adequacy of nutrition, where experts were provided only with nutrient information and no food names, the proportion of strong positive responses to RL-generated diets was higher than that of the human- and GAN-generated diets (P < 0.001). In contrast, in terms of diet composition, the experts' responses to human-designed diets were more positive when experts were provided with food name information (i.e., composition information). CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the development and evaluation of AI to support dietary planning for children. This study demonstrates the possibility of developing AI-assisted diet planning methods for children and highlights the importance of composition compliance in diet planning. Further integrative cooperation in the fields of nutrition, engineering, and medicine is needed to improve the suitability of our proposed AI solutions and benefit children's well-being by providing high-quality diet planning in terms of both compositional and nutritional criteria.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.137-141
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• 2000

To determine effects of temperatures and photoperiods on larval development of the mulberry longicorn beetle, Apriona germari, the larvae were reared at various rearing temperatures and under the various photoperiods on an artificial diet. The larval period of A. germari was extended as long as the temperature was lowered. Also the larval development in terms of length and weight of larvae was increased. However, survival rate during larval stage significantly decreased at 15$^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$ than at $25^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$. The results indicated that the favorable temperature for artificial diet rearing of A. germari fell at least above $25^{\circ}C$ constantly. In photoperiod conditions, survival rate and larval development for A. germari were obviously most effective under a photoperiod of 14L:10B. As a result in artificial diet rearing of a. germari at $25^{\circ}C$ and under a photoperiod of 14L:10D was mostly favorable in terms of larval development and period.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.287-295
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• 2018

A meridic artificial diet, including whole milk powder, wheat bran, maize leaf powder, and sucrose as the main nutrients, was tested for rearing Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae). When locusts were supplied with only the artificial diet over their entire life cycle, a second generation was not produced. The same result was observed when the diet was supplied daily and fresh maize leaves were supplied every other day. However, when the diet and fresh maize leaves were supplied alternately every other day, four generations of L. migratoria were produced. Fecundity in adults reared with the alternating diet was higher than that in adults supplied with both the diet and maize leaves daily. These results indicate that this artificial diet could be used as a supplementary food for rearing of L. migratoria.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.8-12
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• 1981

Practical application of silkworm artificial diet is very desirable to save labour in sericultural industry as the problem of labour shortage is becoming serious in Korea. However, silkworms reared on the artificial diet are more susceptible to viruses than those reared on mulberry leaves because of the lower anti-viral activity of gut juice of silkworms grown on artificial diet compared with that of silkworms grown on mulberry leaves. In this study, authors investigated the varietal difference of silkworm larvae, Bombyx mori L., reared on artificial diet which contained 20 percent of dried mulberry powder, in the susceptibility to nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV). The results showed that there is no difference in susceptibility to NPV among tested varieties when high concentration of NPV was admitted to silkworm larvae, but varietal difference appeared in lower concentration admitted. Among 7 hybrids tested, Hansaeng 1${\times}$Hansaeng 2 was most resistant to NPV with an $LC_{50}$ of 2.7${\times}$10$\^$6/ and Jam 111${\times}$Jam 112 was also more resistant comparatively than other hybrids.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.71-73
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• 2007

In order to produce color cocoon, 3 rd day 5 th instar silkworm was cultivated with dye mixed artificial diet. Silkworm fed by artificial diet mixed with gardenia pigment spun blue colored cocoon, by Orange II orange cocoon, by methyl orange yellowish cocoon, and by Acid blue R bluish cocoon. Cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight ratio of silkworm fed by colored artificial diet were lower than those of normal silkworm.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.235-243
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• 1995

Recently, the cocoon production is reducing very steeply in Japan. The main reason for this cocoon reduction is due to high labor cost and the production expense is apt to rise year by year. Accordingly, the improvement of cocoon productivity by retrenchment of the production expense is intensively required in my country. Therefore, the silkworm rearing on the artificial diet is largely expected as the innovation techniques of sericulture. Since rearing of the silkworm on artificial diets has first been achieved in 1960, and the silkworm larvae were reared throughout all the instars on artificial diets(Fukuda et al., 1960, Ito & Tanaka, 1960). The artificial diets used at this time contained 50% or more of dried, pulverized mulberyy leaves as one of the main ingredients, and the composition was rather simple. When reared on these diets, larval growth and development were retarded, small cocoons appeared, and the adults laid only a small number of eggs. At first, we would like to study about nutritional requirement of the silkworm, using the chemically defined diet which prepared artificially. Subsequently, attempts were made to improve the diets by replacement of crude ingredients with possibly purer compounds, as mentioned later. Before giving the details on individual nutrient, I would like to summarize about the outline of utilization flow of various nutrients through the larval-pupal development and these daily quantitative requirements per body weight in the silkworm when they were reared on mulberry leaves.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 1999

The cost of artificial diets for silkworm is very expensive, so that it is essential to lower it in order to extend the period of silkworm rearing on artificial diets. In the present paper, the utilization of several kinds of grass powders was tried to use as an ingredient of artificial diet to reduce its production cost. The value of grass powder as an ingredient of artificial diet was assessed on the base of ingestability and growth of silkworms. As a result it was found it was found that they varied with the kinds and harvesting season of grasses. But it is appeared to be possible to use a grass powder as an ingredient for silkworm diet, when it contains 10~20% of grasses. Moreover, to cut the cost of diet, it is recommanded that the diet containing grass powder could be a applied to the polyphagous silkworm variety.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.180-183
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• 1990

Simple mass-rearing methods for Spodoptera exigua Hubner with an artificial diet were done in th laboratory. Hatchability of egg and its survival rates upto 3rd instar lava were 97.9 and 83.3 ercent, respectively. The pupation rates in individual rearing, mass-rearing, mass-rearing with sawdust were 48.5%, 37.5%, and 82.5%, respectively. The emergence rates in those methods were 85.2%, 86.7%, 90.9%, respectively.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.5-7
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• 1977

On the purpose of exploiting cellulose resourse which is needed for artificial diet of silkworms, mulberry branch, eastern cotton wood branch, pitch pine pulp, poplar pulp, chaff, sawdust and rice straw were examined. Among the matters above mentioned. mulberry branch and pitch pine pulp were found to be replaceable as cellulose component in the artificial diet. By means of some chemical treatments, it is found that one of the extracted cellulose powder from mulberry branches is more useful in the larval growth.