• 재활치료과학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2020

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 IOPI 조음 근력 강화 훈련 프로그램이 경직형 마비말장애 환자들의 조음기관(혀, 입술) 근력 상승, 조음 정확도, 조음 교대운동 속도, 규칙성 및 정확도 변화에 끼치는 효과에 대해 연구하고자 하였다. 연구 방법 : 본 연구는 제주에 거주하는 경직형 마비말장애 환자 3명을 대상으로 제주 소재의 대학병원 언어치료실에서 기초선 단계, 7주간 주3회씩 1회기당 30분씩 중재를 한 후에 사후 평가를 실시하여 혀와 입술의 근력, SMST 조음선별검사 중 /ㄹ, ㅅ, ㅈ/ 조음 정확도, 조음 교대운동 속도, 규칙성 및 정확도 변화를 연구하는 단일대상연구를 실시하였다. 결과 : IOPI 조음 근력 강화 훈련 프로그램을 경직형 마비말장애 환자들에게 실시한 이후에 조음기관 근력, /ㄹ, ㅅ, ㅈ/ 조음동안 정조음 산출 수, 조음 교대운동 검사 결과 초당 /퍼/, /터/, /커/, /러/, /긍/, /아/, /퍼터커/ 산출 횟수의 증가와 조음 규칙성과 조음 규칙성 및 정확성에서 긍정적인 변화가 나타났다. 결론 : 본 연구 결과, IOPI 조음 근력 강화 훈련 프로그램이 경직형 마비말장애 환자들의 조음 정확도, 조음 교대운동 속도, 규칙성 및 정확도 향상을 도모하였으며, 추후 IOPI를 다양한 하위 유형의 마비말장애 환자에게 실시하여 각 하위 유형 간 차이를 비교하고, 마비말장애의 가장 대표적인 뇌성마비 아동들에게 가정에서 IOPI를 활용한 조음기관 기능 훈련을 연계한 프로그램 적용 이후 조음 능력의 변화에 대해 연구한다면 매우 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제25권9호통권220호
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• pp.861-872
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• 1987

The Purpose of this study was to know the differences between the occlusal plane angles formed by F-H plane on cephalograms and the occlusal plane angles by the upper margin of the articulator, and to ind the contributing factors to the difference of occlusal angles. for this study, 39 young adults (20 men, 19 women) were selected who had normal occlusion, no severe attrition, no missing tooth, not been under orthodontic treatment and occlusal equilibration and no temporomandibular disorders. The maxillary casts were mounted with Hanau 159-1 ear piece type face-bow and measured the occlusal plane angle with prototype occlusal plane projector. The following results were obtained; 1. The mean value of the ear rod F-H plane occlusal angle was 14.75˚, articulator occlusal angle was 9.26˚ and strong positive correlation between these angles, 2. It was almost same angle between the ear rod F-H plane angle (14.75˚) and the beyron point to infraorbital rim-6mm. occlusal angle (14.46˚) 3. The mean distance from the ear rod porion to the Byron point was 5.67mm. 4. It was no significant correlation between the distances Po-Beyron point, Or-infraorbital rim and articulator occlusal angle.

• 음성과학
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.103-116
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• 2008

Cerebral palsy children represent abnormal vocalization pattern caused by respiration problem and paralyzed oral motor muscle that are the basics of speech production. Thus, this study examined the effect of respiration and articulator training programs on the basic ability of speech production in CP children. The subjects of this study were 4 children with 3 of spastic CP and 1 of ataxia CP. The respiration and articulator program was conducted in 30 sessions for 30 minutes each. Pre-test was administered twice before the program, ongoing test was administered every 5 session during the period of experiment, and post-test was administered twice. The program included speech production such as respiration training, lips, jaw, cheek, and tongue exercise, and velopharyngeal training, and related articulator training. The following results were obtained. First, all subject children were less than 5 seconds in maximum phonation time before the experiment and 2 were improved by more than 4$\sim$5 seconds during the experiment, but 2 had relatively low rising width. Second, while children with less than 30dB before the experiment became bigger in strength during the experiment, children with more than 35dB before the experiment showed a minor change. Subject child 4 had lower vocal strength in the post-test period. Finally, although each subject had individual difference in syllable diadochokinetic ability, the function was improved and the number of repetition in one respiration was also increased.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.125-146
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• 1990

The relationale for recording mandibular movement is to accurately adjust an articulator. Techniques to record mandibular movement include radiographic interpretation, extraoral tracing, and intraoral recording materials. This study was performed to compare the concylar guidance inclination and Bennett shift(immediate & progressive side shift)obtained by using an electronic pantograph, pantograph and wax interocclusal records in Korean. Ten adults who have normal occlusion and are free of TMJ dysfunction were selected and clutches were constructed. At first Pantronic survey was performed three times by using an kinematic hinge axis according to manufacturer's direction. Next pantographic survey was performed three times and the articulator was adjusted with each pantographic recording. And then maxillary cast was attached to the articulator with pantographic as a face-bow and the mandibular cast was mounted to the articulator with centric relation record. Three protrusive, three left lateral and three right lateral wax interocclusal records were taken on the subjects and the articulator was adjusted with each interocclusal record. Protrusive condylar inclination, lateral condylar inclination, immediate side shift and progressive side shift obtained by using electronic pantograph, pantograph and wax interocclusal record were compared and analized. The results were as follows; 1. The average left and right protrusive and orbiting condylar inclination($33.7^{\circ},\;37.1^{\circ},\;40.6^{\circ},\;43.5^{\circ}$) record with Pantronic was significantly greater than that recorded with other methods. 2. The average left and right protrusive and orbiting condylar inclination($24.8^{\circ},\;27.0^{\circ},\;31.4^{\circ},\;32.4^{\circ}$)recorded with wax interocclusal record was less than that of other methods. 3. The average left and right immediate side shift(0.57mm,0.44mm)recorded with wax interocclusal record was greater than that of other methods and the average left rigtht immmediate side shift(0.30mm,0.41mm)recorded with Pantronic was significantly greater than that recorded with pantograph(0.11mm,0.20mm). 4. The average variance of wax interocclusal was signivicantly higher than that of other methods.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.420-430
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• 2008

연구목적: 기존의 교합기들은 서양인의 악안면구조와 하악운동 평균치에 맞추어 제작되어 있다. 이에 현재 임상교육에 널리 사용하고 있는 반조절성 교합기 (KaVo PROTAR, Hanau Modular)를 한국인에게 적용함에 있어서 적절한 기준을 구하고자 이번 연구를 시행하였다. 연구방법: $24{\sim}41$세 한국인 성인 59명 (남41명, 여18명)을 선정하였다. 피검자 일인당 두쌍의 상하악 모형을 제작, KaVo PROTARevo 7과 Hanau Modular 반조절성교합기에 facebow transfer하여 교합기에 부착 후 전방시상과로각, 교합평면경사도, 교합기 상의 하악의 위치를 계측하였다. 연구성적: 1. 평균 전방시상과로각은 KaVo PROTAR 반조절성 교합기상에서 $33.75^{\circ}$(표준편차 $12.46^{\circ}$)였고, Hanau Modular 반조절성 교합기상에서 $40.72^{\circ}$(표준편차 $12.09^{\circ}$)였다. 2. 평균 교합평면경사각은 KaVo PROTAR 반조절성 교합기상에서 $-2.76^{\circ}$(표준편차 $3.63^{\circ}$)였고, Hanau Modular 반조절성 교합기상에서 $11.87^{\circ}$(표준편차 $3.63^{\circ}$)였다. 3. 하악치열의 중심은 교합기의 중심에서 평균 $5{\sim}7$ mm 범위내에 있었으며 KaVo PROTAR 반조절성 교합기에서는 전치부와 구치부 모두 교합기의 상하적 위치관계에서 중앙에 위치하였고, Hanau Modular 반조절성 교합기에서는 교합기의 중앙높이에서 전치부는 하방 5 mm, 구치부는 상방 3 mm에 위치하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.424-433
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• 2015

본 연구는 조음거리와 발성유형에 따른 영유아의 자음 음운인식 능력에서의 차이를 규명해 보기 위해 한국어 장애음을 대상으로 반복측정 실험설계를 통해 진행되었다. 집단 내 변인인으로서의 조음거리는, 연음과 경음의 자질을 갖는 1음절 초성의 조음 위치에 의해 구분된 조음점 간 거리로서 음운인식 수행도의 차이에 구조적으로 영향을 미치는지를 확인하고자 하였다. 실험결과, 음운차이 인식 수행력에서 조음거리를 변인으로 한 주효과를 확인하였는데, 그 거리가 멀어질수록 수행력이 점강하였다. 이는 동일위치나 근접거리 조음점 조건의 음운인식 수행도가 조음점 간 거리가 먼 조건에서의 수행도에 비해 민감한 반응을 보임으로써, 당해 조음점에 인접한 말소리들을 인식하는 능력이 우선 발달하는 결과를 시사함은 물론, 조음 유사성이 조기 음운습득에 영향을 끼칠 수 있음을 말해준다 하겠다. 아울러 집단 간 요인에서도 연령효과를 확인할 수 있었는데, 연령이 높을수록 조음거리에 영향을 덜 받는 경향이 있었으며 인접거리 조건에서는 남아대비, 여아의 수행력이 우수함을 알 수 있었다. 발성유형 중 긴장성을 피험자 내 변인으로 설정한 조건의 주효과는 나타나지 않았지만 연령의 주효과 및 성별과의 상호작용을 통해 연령상승에 따른 긴장음의 인식률의 유의한 상승을 관찰하였고, 긴장음 내에서는 여아의 변별력이 더 우수함을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제21권10호통권173호
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• pp.777-781
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• 1983

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2018

In this study, we examined how the upper and lower lips articulate to produce labial /p/. Using electromagnetic midsagittal articulography, we collected flesh-point tracking movement data from eight native speakers of Seoul Korean (five females and three males). Individual articulatory movements in /p/ were examined in terms of minimum vertical upper lip position, maximum vertical lower lip position, and corresponding vertical upper lip position aligned with maximum vertical lower lip position. Using linear mixed-effect models, we tested two factors (word boundary [across-word vs. within-word] and speech rate [comfortable vs. fast]) and their interaction, considering subjects as random effects. The results are summarized as follows. First, maximum lower lip position varied with different word boundaries and speech rates, but no interaction was detected. In particular, maximum lower lip position was lower (e.g., less constricted or more reduced) in fast rate condition and across-word boundary condition. Second, minimum lower lip position, as well as lower lip position, measured at the time of maximum lower lip position only varied with different word boundaries, showing that they were consistently lower in across-word condition. We provide further empirical evidence of lower lip movement sensitive to both different word boundaries (e.g., linguistic factor) and speech rates (e.g., paralinguistic factor); this supports the traditional idea that the lower lip is an actively moving articulator. The sensitivity of upper lip movement is also observed with different word boundaries; this counters the traditional idea that the upper lip is the target area, which presupposes immobility. Taken together, the lip aperture gesture is a good indicator that takes into account upper and lower lip vertical movements, compared to the traditional approach that distinguishes a movable articulator from target place. Respective of different speech rates, the results of the present study patterned with cross-linguistic lenition-related allophonic variation, which is known to be more sensitive to fast rate.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제36권1B호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2011

현대사회에서 일에 대한 스트레스, 여가 생활, 기호 식품에 대한 매력 등이 증가되면서 커피를 즐겨 마시는 사람들이 늘고 있다. 커피는 품종, 가공방법, 원두의 혼합여부 및 인위적인 향의 첨가여부 등에 따라 다양한 종류로 현대인의 입맛을 사로잡고 있다. 그러나 대부분의 커피에는 $C_8H_{10}O_2N_4$ 함유되어 있고 이로 인해 인체의 여러부위에 영향을 미치고 있다. 이러한 $C_8H_{10}O_2N_4$이 커피의 주성분인 카페인이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 블랙커피 한 잔에 함유되어 있는 $C_8H_{10}O_2N_4$ 250mg에 대해 섭취량이 증가할 때마다 조음기관에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 20대 남성 30명을 대상으로 $C_8H_{10}O_2N_4$ 섭취량을 점차 늘라면서 이에 대해 반응하는 조음기관의 변화를 음성 분석 요소인 Jitter, Formant 및 Spectrum을 적용하여 결과값을 추출하고 이를 분석하는 연구를 수행하였다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.153-157
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• 2012

PURPOSE. The study was conducted to compare the radiographic and clinical methods of measuring the horizontal condylar guidance (HCG) values. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The condylar guidance was measured using the radiographic (CT scan) and three clinical methods i.e. the wax protrusive records, Lucia jig record and intraoral central bearing device in 12 patients aged between 20-40 years irrespective of sex. The records were taken and transferred on the semi-adjustable articulator to record the HCG values. The CT scan was taken for 3D reconstruction of the mid facial region. Frankfort horizontal plane (FHP) and a line extending from the superior anterior most point on the glenoid fossa to the most convex point on the apex of articular eminence (AE) was marked on the CT scan. An angle between these two lines was measured on both right and left sides to obtain condylar inclination angle. Three interocclusal protrusive wax and jig records were taken and transferred to the semi adjustable articulator. Three readings were recorded on each side. Similarly the records were taken and transferred to the same articulator using the intra oral central bearing device to record the readings. RESULTS. The statistical analysis showed insignificant differences in the HCG values between the right and left sides [(P=.589 (CT), P=.928 (wax), P=.625 (jig), P=.886 (tracer)]. The clinical methods provided low Pearsons correlation values [(R = 0.423 (wax), R = 0.354 (jig), R = 0.265 (tracer)] for the right as well as the left sides when compared with the CT values. Among the clinical methods, jig and wax method showed strong level of association which is statistically significant while the intra-oral tracer showed weak association with the other two methods. CONCLUSION. The right and left HCG values were almost similar. The CT scan showed higher HCG values than the clinical methods and among the clinical methods, values obtained from all the methods were comparable.