• 음성과학
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.185-200
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• 2001

This study was designed to investigate the treatment, generalization, and maintenance effects of vocal relaxation treatment on compensatory articulation(i.e., glottalization of plosive sound) of three children with cleft palate. Multiple baseline design was applied to evaluate treatment, generalization, and maintenance effects. The targeted phonemes were ph/, th/, /t/ which Were frequently substituted by glottal stop sounds. The main component of the treatment program was vocal relaxation using humming and aspiration sound /h/. The following conclusions were deduced from the results: (1) the treatment program for compensatory articulation was effective in facilitating correct production of targeted phoneme and eliminating glottalization for all subjects, (2) the treatment effects on articulation accuracy were generalized to untreated phonemes (/c/, /c$c^{h}$/) for 2 subjects, (3) the treatment effects on decrease of glottalization were generalized to untreated phonemes for all subjects, and (4) the treatment effects were maintained for all subjects for 2 weeks after treatment was terminated.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2012

This study reports the effect of acupotomy for patients diagnosed with lumbar spinal stenosis(LSS). We treated three patients diagnosed with LSS using acupotomy. We measured the Numerical Rating Scale(NRS), Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) scores and Odom's criteria before and after treatment to assess improvements in symptoms and functions. In all patients, NRS, ODI scores and Odom's criteria were improved. We found a beneficial effect with acupotomy for three patients diagnosed with LSS. Thus, these data suggest LSS may be treated successfully with acupotomy.

• 음성과학
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2008

The present study examined multicultural family children's articulation accuracy and phonological process using Assessment of Phonology and Articulation for Children(APAC), and compared them with normally developing children. The subjects of this study were 24 multicultural family children between ages 3 years, 6 months and 3 years, 11 months. The multicultural family children's articulation accuracy was significantly lower than the normally developing children's. In case of the normally developing children, phonological processes the multicultural family children showed were observed at a younger age and did not appear at the age of the children participating in this study. The Japanese multicultural family children and the non Japanese multicultural family children showed different rate of the changes. This result shows that articulation development in the multicultural family children may be different among them according to the classification and that the children's error patterns are related to their mothers' native language. The results of this study are proposed to be applicable to articulation assessment and treatment.

• 센서학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.299-304
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• 2019

Recently, the development of rehabilitation medical technology has resulted in an increased interest in speech therapy equipment. In particular, research on articulation therapy for communication disorders is being actively conducted. Existing methods for the diagnosis and treatment of speech disorders have many limitations, such as traditional tactile perception tests and methods based on empirical judgment of speech therapists. Moreover, the position and tension of the tongue are key factors of speech disorders with regards to articulation. This is a very important factor in the distinction of Korean characters such as lax, fortis, and aspirated consonants. In this study, we proposed a Korean electropalatography (EPG) system to easily measure and monitor the position and tension of the tongue in articulation treatment and diagnosis. In the proposed EPG system, a sensor was fabricated using an AgCl electrode and biocompatible silicon. Furthermore, the measured signal was analyzed by implementing the bio-signal processing module and monitoring program. In particular, the bio-signal was measured by inserting it into the palatal from an experimental control group. As a result, it was confirmed that it could be applied to clinical treatment in speech therapy.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 1994

We report the clinical treatment experience of a case with severe lateralization articulation disorder especially in /ㅅ/, who was treated with using a dynamic palatogram. The patient was 16-year-old male patient and he was taken several attempts of traditional speech therapy without improvement The authors tried to treat him with newly designed dynamic palatogram for two period with good results. We are going to review brief clinical experience with the patient and discuss the effectiveness and indications of the dynamic palatogram. In this study, we can summarize the effect of treatment as follows; Lateralization of the /ㅅ/ was improved markedly with using the dynamic palatogram, and we thought the improvement was achieved mainly by visual feedback control.

• 소음진동
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.240-246
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• 2000

One of the widely accepted methods for evaluating the interior sound quality of automobiles is Articulation Index(AI). The AI actually measures the articulation level of the sound in the vehicle cabin as passengers talk to one another. In this study, the effect of two different absorption materials inside the cabin on AI has been investigated by ray-tracing method : one is firewall, the other is celling. It turns out that the back seat location is found to be strongly dependent on the type of absorption materials treated at the celling, since the sound absorbing area is different due to the location and the firewall is situated in the "Reverberation Radius". The proposed methdo could be used to improve the sound quality of automobiles at the design stge.sign stge.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2010

This study was performed to report the effect of oriental medical treatment and general biomechanic manipulation on a patient with upper limb palsy caused by postural brachial plexus injury. The patient was treated with acupuncture, herb medicine and general biomechanic manipulation. The effectiveness of treatment was evaluated with range of motion, visual analogue scale and manual muscle test. After 11 times treatment, motion and muscular force were progressed, pain was decreased. This result suggests that oriental medical treatment and general coordinative manipulation are effective to care the postural brachial plexus injury.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.357-374
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• 2008

본 연구는 현재 고등학교 1학년에서 처음 소개되는 복소수 단원의 복소수의 정의와 연산, 그 연산에 대한 성질 등 교과서의 서술 방식이 학생들의 '수준'과 교육과정의 흐름에 맞게 논리적으로 서술되어 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 여기서 학생들의 '수준'이란 실수에서 복소수로의 새로운 수 체계의 확장에 따른 대수적 구조를 파악하고 이해할 수 있는 수준으로 가정한다. 즉, 고등학교 1학년 교과서 전반의 전체적인 흐름을 볼 때 복소수 단원의 목표는 새로운 수의 확장에 따른 대수적 구조의 보존을 이해하고 파악하는 것이므로 이러한 목표에 맞게 복소수의 정의와 연산, 그 연산에 대한 성질이 교과서에서 서술되는 방식이 수학적인 입장에서 보았을 때 논리적인 비약(gap)이나 순환논증의 오류를 가지지 않고 적절하게 서술하고 있는지를 살펴보고자 한 것이다. 본 연구는 이런 관점에서 16종 교과서를 분석하여 크게 다섯까지의 분석 대상을 찾아내었다. 첫째는 허수 단위 i의 도입과 음수의 제곱근, 둘째는 복소수의 정서방식에서 실수와 순허수의 정의 방식, 셋째는 복소수의 사칙 연산, 넷째는 복소소의 연산에 관한 성질에서의 대소 관계와 역원의 표현 방법, 마지막으로 대수적 구조의 보존에 관한 것이다. 본 연구에서 주요 관점에서 살펴본 위의 5가지 대상에 관한 교과서의 서술방식은 논리적 정확성의 문제와 순환논리의 오류가 생길 수 있는 가능성이 있다고 판단되었고, 연구자가 일부 논리적 비약(gap)으로 판단한 것이 있는데, 이는 오류가 아닐 수 있으나 학생들이 이해하는 데에 있어 논리적으로 전후가 맞지 않는 전개과정 이라고 판단되었기 때문이다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2012

PURPOSE. Articulation paper mark size is widely accepted as an indicator of forceful tooth contacts. However, mark size is indicative of contact location and surface area only, and does not quantify occlusal force. The purpose of this study is to determine if a relationship exists between the size of paper marks and the percentage of force applied to the same tooth. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty dentate female subjects intercuspated into articulation paper strips to mark occlusal contacts on their maxillary posterior teeth, followed by taking photographs. Then each subject made a multi-bite digital occlusal force percentage recording. The surface area of the largest and darkest articulation paper mark (n = 240 marks) in each quadrant (n = 60 quadrants) was calculated in photographic pixels, and compared with the force percentage present on the same tooth. RESULTS. Regression analysis shows a bi-variant fit of force % on tooth (P<.05). The correlation coefficient between the mark area and the percentage of force indicated a low positive correlation. The coefficient of determination showed a low causative relationship between mark area and force ($r^2$ = 0.067). The largest paper mark in each quadrant was matched with the most forceful tooth in that same quadrant only 38.3% of time. Only 6 2/3% of mark surface area could be explained by applied occlusal force, while most of the mark area results from other factors unrelated to the applied occlusal force. CONCLUSION. The findings of this study indicate that size of articulation paper mark is an unreliable indicator of applied occlusal force, to guide treatment occlusal adjustments.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.447-456
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• 2008

There is close relationship between intraoral structural anomaly and speech- functional problem. Patient with cleft palate patients & ankyloglossia is a typical example, patients with structural anomaly is repaired toward normal structure by operation. Ankyloglossia may cause functional limitation even after adequate surgical treatment speech disorders being one of them. Interindividually, they vary a lot, showing typical articulation specifics. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare speech for children with ankyloglossia and general public, to determine whether ankyloglossia is associated with articulation problem. We wanted to present criteria for indication of frenectomy. The group of subject is composed of 10 childrens with ankyloglossia and articulation problem, visited the Oral and Maxillofacial surgical unit, dental hospital, Chonbuk university. The average age is 5 Y 7M, M : F ratio is 8 : 2 at the time of speech test. Control group is composed of 10 members without oral structural anomaly. The average age is 5 Y 10M, M : F ratio is 3 : 7 at the time of speech test. Outcomes were measured the PPVT(Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test), PCAT(Picture Consonant Articulation Test), Nasometer II test result obtained each group, statistically measured by Mann-whitney's U Test. There was no difference for 'chronological age-age equivalent' between two group. There was significant difference for 'consonant accuracy' between two group, showed more lower scores in subject group. There was more 'consonant error' in subject group, mostly showed/1/,/s/. A major modality of 'consonant error' was mostly distortion and replacement. There was no significant difference between two group for nasality.