• Speech Sciences
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.133-144
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• 2008

The present study examined multicultural family children's articulation accuracy and phonological process using Assessment of Phonology and Articulation for Children(APAC), and compared them with normally developing children. The subjects of this study were 24 multicultural family children between ages 3 years, 6 months and 3 years, 11 months. The multicultural family children's articulation accuracy was significantly lower than the normally developing children's. In case of the normally developing children, phonological processes the multicultural family children showed were observed at a younger age and did not appear at the age of the children participating in this study. The Japanese multicultural family children and the non Japanese multicultural family children showed different rate of the changes. This result shows that articulation development in the multicultural family children may be different among them according to the classification and that the children's error patterns are related to their mothers' native language. The results of this study are proposed to be applicable to articulation assessment and treatment.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.185-200
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• 2001

This study was designed to investigate the treatment, generalization, and maintenance effects of vocal relaxation treatment on compensatory articulation(i.e., glottalization of plosive sound) of three children with cleft palate. Multiple baseline design was applied to evaluate treatment, generalization, and maintenance effects. The targeted phonemes were ph/, th/, /t/ which Were frequently substituted by glottal stop sounds. The main component of the treatment program was vocal relaxation using humming and aspiration sound /h/. The following conclusions were deduced from the results: (1) the treatment program for compensatory articulation was effective in facilitating correct production of targeted phoneme and eliminating glottalization for all subjects, (2) the treatment effects on articulation accuracy were generalized to untreated phonemes (/c/, /c$c^{h}$/) for 2 subjects, (3) the treatment effects on decrease of glottalization were generalized to untreated phonemes for all subjects, and (4) the treatment effects were maintained for all subjects for 2 weeks after treatment was terminated.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.115-120
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• 2001

This study aims to show why and how the shift in the point of articulation for Korean consonants occurs with an increase of their tensity. From an EPG study on the point of articulation for Korean alveolar stops, fricatives and velar stops, it was concluded that the shift in the point of articulation occurs because the increase in the tensity of Korean consonants requires more contact area with the roof of mouth by the tongue, and that the direction of the shift depends on the surface shape of tongue for the plain consonant.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.167-181
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• 2021

Purpose : This study was conducted to investigate whether phonetic complexity affected the type and frequency of articulation errors and the acoustic duration of consonants and words produced by children with functional articulation and phonological disorders. Methods : The participants in this study were 20 children with functional articulation and phonological disorders and 20 children without such disorders who were between 3 years 7 months old and 4 years 11 months old. The participants were asked to name what they saw in pictures and their responses were recorded. The types and frequencies of articulation errors and the acoustic duration of words were analyzed and words were categorized as being of either 'high' or 'low' phonetic complexity. The acoustic duration of initial and final consonants and vowels following initial consonants were compared between the groups according to articulatory complexity. Results : Children with functional articulation and phonological disorders produced articulation errors more frequently when saying high complexity words and had longer word duration when saying low-complexity words than children without such disorders. There was no major difference in initial and final consonant duration between the groups. but the main effect of articulatory complexity on the duration of both consonants was significant. Conclusion : These results suggest that the articulatory-phonic structure of words influences the speech motor control ability of children with functional articulation and phonological disorders. When articulating consonants, children with functional articulation and phonological disorders had speech motor control ability similar to that of children without such disorders.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.494-509
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the articulation between kindergarten curriculum and subject of Korean language in an elementary school. Analysis was conducted with following findings. Firstly, out of 696 activities related with elementary school curriculum, those related with Korean language marked the highest number with 281. Secondly, as for articulation between subject of Korean language and themes of kindergarten life, environment and life marked highest with 173, Thirdly, in the area of kindergarten life, listening/speaking marked top with 173, followed by literature 87. Based on this findings, we are able to grasp present state of articulation between Nuri course guide book for five-year old kindergarten children and subject of Korean language in an elementary school and further would like to utilize it as basic data to boost articulation between curriculums of kindergarten and an elementary school.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.206-206
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• 1996

Previous studies of American English(e.g. Sussman 1991, 1993, 1994) CVC coarticulation with initial consonants representing the labial, alveolar, and velar showed a linear relationship that fits to data points formed by plotting onsets of F2 transition along the y-axis and their corresponding midvowel points along the x-axis. The present study extends the locus equation metric to include the following places of articulation:uvular, pharyngeal, laryngeal, and emphatics. The question of interest is to determine if locus equation could serve as phonetic descriptor for the place of articulation in Arabic. Five male native speakers of Colloquial Egyptian Arabic(CEA) read a list of 204 CVC and CVCC words, containing eight different places of articulation and eight vowels. Average of formant patterns(Fl,F2,F3) onsets, midpoints, and offsets were calculated, using wide band spectrograms obtained by means of the kay spectrograph model(7029), and plotted as locus equations. A summary of the acoustic properties of the place of articulation of CEA will be presented in the frames of bVC and CVb. Strong linear regression relationships were found for every place of articulation.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.79-90
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of stuttering severity on articulation rate measured from different types of utterances in preschool children who stutter. Participants were 40 boys who stutter (CWS) and age-matched 10 boys who do not stutter (CWNS). CWS were sub-grouped based on the severity of their stuttering: 15 mild, 13 moderate, and 12 severe. Utterances were categorized as "overall utterance" including all utterances that children spoke and "fluent utterance" which did not contain any disfluencies. Utterances containing abnormal disfluencies were categorized as "SLD utterance" for CWS. The results revealed no significant difference among groups in any type of utterance. There were significant positive correlations in articulation rates between utterance types. Stuttering severity was not a factor for characterizing the articulation rate of each type of utterance. Also, current findings suggest that articulation rate may not predict speech motor control ability in preschool CWS.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 1996

In this study, remote articulation training system which connects the hearing disabled trainee and the speech therapist via B-ISDN is introduced. The hearing disabled does not have the hearing feedback of his own pronuciation, and the chance of watching his speech organs movement trajectory will offer him the self-training of articulation. So the system has two purposes of self articulation training and trainer's on-line checking in remote place. We estimate the vocal tract articultory movements from the speech signal using inverse modelling and display the movement trajectoy on the sideview of human face graphically. The trajectories of trainees articulation is displayed along with the reference trajectories, so the trainee can control his articulating to make the two trajectories overlapped. For on-line communication and ckecking training record the system has the function of video conferencing and tranferring articulatory data.

• Korean Journal of Cleft Lip And Palate
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.61-66
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• 2000

General characteristics of speech in deft palate patients are hypemasality and articulation disorder, which are affected by velopharyngeal inadequacy(VPI). 17 subjects with a chief complaint of 'nasal sounds and inaccurate pronunciation' underwent a speech-language evaluation before and after pharyngoplasty. Hypemasality and obligatory articulation errors were improved but compensatory articulation errors remained after pharyngoplasty. Above mentioned results indicate that resonance may be normal or improved following successful surgical management of VPI but, compensatory articulation errors will still persist. The separate recognition of hypemasality, compensatory and obligatory articulation errors in deft palate patients is important in determining the timing of therapy and selection of appropriate targets in therapy.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.73-87
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to examine the articulation characteristics of preschool children in the bilingual or monolingual environment. Subjects included 23 children of 4 to 6 years old in the bilingual environment, and 19 children of monolingual environment. Their speech was evaluated in terms of articulation correctness and intelligibility by the author and a speech therapist. Results showed as the following: First, there were some significant differences between bilingual and monolingual children in the percentage of consonants correctly articulated. But there was no significant difference between their language environment or ages in the percentage of vowels correctly articulated. Second, there were some significant differences between the bilingual and monolingual children in the intelligibility of word articulation. Also, there were some significant differences between the two language groups in the sentence intelligibility. There was a high positive correlation between the word and sentence intelligibility.