• 한국의류학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.15-23
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• 1977

This article is to study Dopo, man's traditional robe, which was worn by courtiers and scholars in Yi dynasty (AD 1392-1910). This article deals with its history and transition according to relative documents available, and presents its construction method with reference to relics. It is recorded that Dopo was first worn about the middle of the time of Yi dynasty. Dopo, however, seems to have its origin in the robe of Koguryo dynasty (BC 37-AD 668). Dopo was an ordinary robe to court officials, whereas Confucian scholars wore it as an official uniform or a ritual robe. ft was a long over-coat with V-neck line, and, round and wide sleeves. Dopo was so long that its edge reached wearer's ankels. One of the widest sleeves of relics was 58cm in size. Another unique characteristics Dopo had, were that its back cloth splited in two on center line, which was fully covered and added with-another cloth called 'Jeonsam'. Accordingly, a cloth-30cm in width and 30 yards in length-was needed to make Dopo. Since the reform of 1894 it was prohibited to wear, and then was replaced with Durumagi, a strait collar and narrow-sleeved robe.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2019

Purpose: To provide legislative data for the amendment of Article 36 of the Emergency Medical Service Act on the qualifications of emergency medical technicians. Methods: The study was drafted based on the Emergency Medical Service Act; data on the emergency medical technicians (EMT) system and curriculum in Korea, United States. Japan, and Taiwan; and previous studies on the EMT system in Korea. Results: The length of education. work scope. amd role of level 1 EMTs vary significantly depending on the type of qualifications they have as emergency medical professionals, while the supply of level 1 EMTs has already reached a point of saturation. Accordingly, the current regulation on allowing level 2 EMTs with at least three years of experience to take the level 1 EMT test presents serious inequity for students just graduating from their emergency medical services program. It is also a factor that degrades the professionalism of level 1 EMTs. Conclusion: Article 36, paragraph 2. subparagraph 3 of the Emergency Medical Services Act pertaining to regulations on "EMTs who have worked as level 2 EMTs for at least 3 years" needs to be removed.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.27-43
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• 2023

This article investigates the energy harvesting characteristics of a magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) cantilever beam reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNT) under transverse vibration. To this end, the well-known lumped parameter model is used to represent the coupled multiphysics problem mathematically. The proposed system consists of the MEE-CNT layer on top and an inactive substrate layer at the bottom. The substrate is considered to be made of either an isotropic or composite material. Basic laws such as Gauss's Law, Newton's Law and Faraday's Law are used to arrive at the governing equations. Surface electrodes across the beam are used to harvest the electric potential produced, together with a wound coil, for the generated magnetic potential. The influence of various distributions of the CNT and its volume fraction, substrate material, length-to-thickness ratio, and thickness ratio of substrate to MEE layer on the energy harvesting behaviour is thoroughly discussed. Further, the effect of external resistances and changes in substrate material on the response is analysed and reported. The article aims to explore smart material-based energy harvesting systems, focusing on their behaviour when reinforced with carbon nanotubes. The results of this study may lead to an improved understanding of the design and analysis of CNT-based smart structures.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2011

The benefits of implant supported overdenture are readily apparent for the fully edentulous patients and have been well documented, however, there is deficiency of the studies regarding the combination of implants with removable partial dentures for partially edentulous patients. The purpose of this article is to review the literature concerning implants with removable partial dentures and evaluate the evidence for this clinical approach. Through many clinical case reports and studies we have searched from a broad variety of journals, we present the six considerations needed to contemplate respecting implants with removable partial denture in partially edentulous patients. First, the connection between abutment tooth and removable partial denture has to be rigid and the link between implant and removable partial denture should be hinged. Second, a mesial rest acts better in the point of force distribution for distal extension removable partial denture and splinting between implants is also a favorable choice. Third, T bar has an advantage for implants which are used as abutments in distal extension removable partial denture. Forth, as we all known functional impression is better way to reproduce movement for distal extension removable partial denture. Fifth, indirect retainer and guiding plane on the proximal surfaces of terminal abutment teeth are important in preventing denture base lifting. Sixth, implants in conjunction with removable partial denture is superior in the esthetic and phonetic as well as cost-effective point of view. We also suggest that which place we should install implants for force distribution and which diameter and length of implants should be used. in this review article, we recommend to locate the implant near of the abutment tooth for esthetics or near of first molar position for good stress distribution. The diameter and length of implant also influence to stress distribution. When we compare to conservative partial denture, patients go for removable partial denture using implants due to convenience, better support and retention according to several studies. But it is true that we need to study more on this subject and collect long term follow up cases before we discuss on it. So it is enough to bring this subject into the surface of prosthetic treatment by this article.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.391-416
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• 2018

The purpose of this article is to strengthen concrete structures using buckling and non-buckling braces. Connection plates are modeled in three shapes including the effect of 1.5t hinge zone length, 2t one and without the zone (1.5t-CP, 2t-CP and WCP). According to the verification performed with ABAQUS software, the connection plates which are superior in ductility and strengthening are found. The results show adding steel braces in concrete moment frames increase the strength and stiffness of the structures up to about 12 and 3 times, respectively. The frame strength increased about 21 and 25 percent with considering the effect of 2t hinge length in connection plates compared to 1.5t-CPs and WCPs. Also the ductility of retrofitted frames with 2t-CP improved 2.06 times more than WCP ones. Thus, 2t-CP sample is the best choice for connecting steel braces to concrete moment frames for retrofitting them. Afterwards, optimum conditions for elemental coating in braces with no buckling are assessed. The length of concrete coatings could be reduced about 30 percent, and buckling did not occur. Therefore, the weight of restraining coating decreased, and its performance improved. It is worth noting that BRBs could be constructed with only steel materials, which have outer steel tubes too. In fact, only the square cross sections of the tube profiles are appropriate for removing the filler concrete, and the rectangular ones are prone to buckle around their weak axis.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2009년 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.32-32
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• 2009

Electric Resistance Welding (ERW) process is the most efficient process to manufacture the linepipe. To develop the high performance ERW linepipe using the high strength and the high alloy steels, the modulation of input power waveform such as sinusoidal waveform is introduced because the conventional ERW technology is not sufficient enough to produce the high quality linepipe due to its strength and high alloy contents (high Ceq). In this article, the material used for the experiment was API X60 with 8.2mm thickness, and ERW simulator at POSCO was used to develop a waveform control system for the power modulation. The frequency of power modulation was varied from 50Hz to 150Hz with the fixed amplitude of ${\pm}2%$ power. The non-modulated power input and the modulated power input cases are conducted to demonstrate the variation of the narrow gap length and the arcing frequency due to power modulation. From results of the non-modulated power input case, the excessive power causes the longer narrow gap length and the low arcing frequency due to the large heat input and the strong electro magnetic force that increase the weld defect. On the contrary, the small narrow gap length and the high arcing frequency reduce the weld defect. After modulating the power input with 50Hz and 100Hz at the fixed power, the arcing frequency increases, but the narrow gap length does not change much. The high arcing frequency prevents the formation of weld defect because the sweeping frequently cleans the oxides on the narrow gap edges. As a result, the manufacturing window can be expanded by the power modulation that provides the stable ERW process for the quality improvement of the linepipe made from the high strength/high alloy steels.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.123-134
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• 2012

There is significant concern in the engineering community regarding the safety and effectiveness of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) strengthening of RC structures because of the potential for brittle debonding failures. In this paper, previous research programs conducted by other researchers were reviewed in terms of the debonding failure of FRP laminates externally attached to concrete. This review article also discusses the influences on bond strength and failure modes as well as the existing experimental research and developed equations. Based on the review, several important conclusions were re-emphasized, including the finding that the bond transfer strength is proportional to the concrete compressive strength; that there is a certain bond development length that has to be exceeded; and that thinner adhesive layers in fact lower the chances of a concrete-adhesive interface failure. It is also found that there exist uncertainty and inaccuracy in the available models when compared with the experimental data and inconsistency among the models. This demonstrates the need for continuing research and compilation of data on the topic of FRP's bond strength.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2016

This paper presents a control-oriented dynamical model of a towing rope system with variable-length. In this system, a winch driven by a motor's torque uses the towing rope to pull a cart. In general, it is a difficult and complicated process to obtain an accurate mathematical model for this system. In particular, if the rope length is varied by operating the winch, the varying rope dynamics needs to be considered, and the key physical parameters need to be re-identified... However, real time parameter identification requires long computation time for the control scheme, and hence undesirable control performance. Therefore, in this article, the rope is modeled as a straight massless segment, with the mass of rope being considered partly with that of the cart, and partly as halfway to the winch. In addition, the changing spring constant and damping constant of the towing rope are accounted for as part of the dynamics of the winch. Finally, a reduced-order observer-based servomechanism controller is designed for the system, and the performance is evaluated by computer simulation.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.113-118
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• 2010

This article aims to study the effects of adding steel fibers to concrete on the mechanical behavior of steel fiber concrete (SFC) slabs. After formulating the SFC, an experimental work was, first, conducted on $160\;{\times}\;320$ mm cylindrical specimens and $70\;{\times}\;70\;{\times}\;280$ mm prisms. Then, this study was carried out on 20 rectangular $1,100\;{\times}\;1,100\;{\times}\;60$ mm small slabs submitted to a distributed load. Two types of fibers with hooked ends were used: long fibers (LF) of a length of 50 mm and short fibers (SF) of a length of 35 mm. The studied parameters are compressive and tensile strengths and Young's modulus. Plain concrete (PC) small slabs were also prepared to be compared to the SFC specimens. The results showed that the compressive strength of SFC increased up to 25% while the splitting tests showed an improvement of the SFC reaching 45%. Tests on SFC small slabs also showed that a smaller deflection is obtained with respect to PC, which indicates an improvement in strength (up to 100%), in ductility and in resistance to cracking. The LF gives a better improvement in strength than the SF for a 70% $kg/m^3$ of steel proportioning.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2018

This article proposes an ultrahigh frequency band radio frequency identification (RFID) tag antenna for drug runout management that can be used in hospitals. The RFID tag antenna is designed to function as a sensor that alerts drug runout when a drug inside a drip chamber is completely consumed but does not work when a drug remains inside a drop chamber. A previously proposed 915 MHz dipole antenna, is too large to be attached to the drip chamber of a feeding bag. Moreover, the length of the dipole (L) should be increased for conjugate matching with an RFID chip. Therefore, the dipole antenna is downsized so that it can be attached to the drip chamber through a fine meander line structure coupling with a corrugate meander line. A transparent cover is added to enhance the grip force between the designed antenna and the drip chamber and to enable detachment. The dimensions of the completed antenna structure attachable to a drip chamber are 32.59 mm (height) and 13.5 mm (width). The gain reduction due to the decreased antenna length is enhanced. The fabricated antenna shows an average omni-directional read range of 10.65 m on a horizontal plane and has the function of sensing the presence of a drug.