• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.258-265
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• 2015

Objective : The purposes of this article are to present 5 cases of intracranial meningioma with leptomeningeal dissemination (LD) and investigate the characteristics of this disease. Methods : We present a retrospective case series of 5 females at our institutions (age ranged 21-72 years, mean 54.6 years) diagnosed with LD of an intracranial meningioma after surgery between 1998 and 2013. A database search revealed 45 cases with LD of meningioma in the English literature. Characteristic features were analyzed and compared. Results : The incidence rate at our institutions of LD of meningioma was 0.9% (5/534). World Health Organization (WHO) grade was distributed as follows: I : 2, II : 2, and III : 1. Time to LD ranged from 2.5 months to 6.9 years; the patient with WHO grade III had the shortest interval to LD. The patient with an intraventricular meningioma (WHO grade II) had the second shortest interval to LD (1.7 years), and simultaneously revealed both LD and extraneuronal metastases. Four of 5 patients showed a disease progression, with the survival ranging from 1 month to 3.8 years after LD. Based on the literature, the initial tumor was an intraventricular meningioma in 9 patients, and their time to LD was shorter on average (mean 1.9 years). Histologically, 26 of 45 (58%) were initially diagnosed with a WHO grade II or III meningioma, and 6 of 19 patients (32%) with WHO grade I revealed malignant transformation. Conclusion : This study shows that intraventricular location and histologically aggressive features seem to increase the chance of LD of meningioma.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.191-198
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• 2015

The domestic housing paradigm has changed from quantitative growth to qualitative growth, and demands for pleasant living environment and meeting basic living conditions have increased due to increased living standards of the people. In a related move, the Ministry of land, Infrastructure and Transport introduced "long-life housing construction standards" in the Article 21 paragraph 6 of the Housing Act through a revision of the Housing Act in December 2014, devised detailed criteria and enforced the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, titled "long-life housing construction certification standards" which require long-life housing certification in construction of apartment houses that accommodate more than 1,000 households. In this regard, A survey of consumers was conducted to collect opinions about consumers' perception and requirements regarding long-life housing, and thus to promote long-life housing and improve certification system criteria. The general public who wish to purchase housing were selected as the subjects for the present study, and the survey was conducted at the site of apartment house PR hall in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do as of January 2015. The result of this study is an opinion survey of long-life housing consumers. For future work, additional research is needed to establish legal standards and devise support systems, along with technology development for long-life housing.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.565-570
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• 2010

Purpose: Due to the closed and humid condition of the perineal area, wound problems occurring at this site are sometimes complicated, especially following postoperative radiation therapy. Moreover, the anal sphincter is a very important functional structure but reconstruction of the anal sphincter after severe trauma poses a challenging problem to plastic surgeons. In this article, we demonstrate the usefulness of the pedicled gracilis flap in the reconstruction of the perineal area. Methods: From September 2008 to November 2009, 6 patients, 4 males and 2 females, underwent surgery of the perineal area. The age of the patients ranged from 21 to 62 years (mean age was 48). The mean follow up period was 14 months. In 4 cases, the patient presented with wound problems after postoperative radiation therapy for anal cancer. In 2 cases, the patient presented with traumatic sphincter damage. Only the gracilis muscle was used in the 4 cases and a musculocutaneous flap was used in the 2 cases involving skin defects, respectively. Results: Among the 6 patients, 1 patient underwent hematoma evacuation of the donor site, and 1 patient presented with prolapse of the vaginal mucosa which recovered spontaneously. There were no report of other complications and there were no wound recurrences. Minimal incontinence was observed in all patients who underwent sphincter reconstruction, but all were satisfied with the overall results. Conclusion: The gracilis flap is useful in the reconstruction of the perineal area, such as in cases of radiotherapy induced wound problems and sphincter damage following severe trauma, due to its easy accessibility, rich vascularity, and minimal donor site morbidity.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제38권
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• pp.7-39
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• 2007

이 논문에서는 한국을 대표할 수 있는 기업인 삼성의 브랜드가치를 평가해보고, 글로벌 기업이 되기까지의 과정과 삼성의 국가 이미지가 어떻게 변화하고 있는지를 알아보았다. 이를 위해 글로벌 기업이 국가 이미지에 미치는 영향과 함께 국가가 자국의 글로벌 기업에게 끼치는 영향에 대해서 심층 설문평가를 통해 분석하고, 나아가 국가와 기업 간의 상호 협력의 중요성에 대해서 논의하고, 아울러 이전의 설문조사 방식에서 면밀히 분석하지 않고 간과하기 쉬운 개인의 사고나 느낌 같은 주관적 행위를 객관적으로 측정할 수 있는 Q방법론을 도입하여 좀 더 다각적인 방향에서 분석을 꾀하였다. 결과적으로, 21세기 디지털 시대에서의 글로벌 기업의 성장은 곧 한국 브랜드 가치의 성장이며, 나아가 세계로 전진할 수 있는 국내 글로벌 기업들에게 긍정적인 원산지효과를 전해줄 수 있는 계기를 제공하였음을 직시할 수 있었다. 이를 뒷받침해주는 분석으로 Q결과에서는 크게 3가지 유형, 즉 첫째, 제1유형(N=10)은 국내 주도적 유형(Nation-Leading Type), 둘째, 제2유형(N=6)은 국제적 우위 유형(International Superiority Type), 셋째, 제3유형(N=4)은 전형적인 영향 유형(Typical Influence Type) 등으로 분류되었는데, 이와 같은 결과는 삼성이라는 글로벌 기업의 브랜드 가치와 국가 이미지에 있어서 '후광효과'와 '원산지효과'에 적정한 국내외적 파급 역량을 잘 반영하고 있음을 확인해주는 의미 있는 결과라고 볼 수 있다.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2002

Pressure sores are an ulceration and necrosis of the skin and underlying tissue usually occur after prolonged or repeated pressure by interruption of blood flow from the small. vessels to the skin and deep tissue. The management of pressure sores is mostly difficult and requires prolonged hospitalization or repeated surgical interventions with a high recurrence rate. In this article we reviewed 14 cases of National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Pannel staging III, IV over the lateral malleolar area of the ankle in 2 years period from January 1999 to October 2001. The pressure over lateral malleolar area was mainly due to unique Korean sitting position with cross legs at flexed hips and knees or supine position of patient with external rotation of low extremity. Male to female ratio was 11: 3 and ages were between 36 and 83 (mean age: 67.1 years). Associated diseases were DM(7 cases), Hemiparesis caused by CVA(2 cases), Liver cirrhosis(2 cases), disarticulation of opposite hip due to squamous cell ca.(1 case), Intertrochanteric Fx.(1 case). Wound cultures reported Staphylococus, Pseudomonas and others. Abnormally elevated ESR and CRP were seen in 6 cases. Operative treatments were irrigation and debridement, direct closure with gravity drainage and skin grafting. The most important aspect of pressure sore treatment is pressure relief of the lateral malleolar area. Pressure-relieving Cast or Brace was helpful for local management and preventing recurrence.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2001

This study attempts to enhance the research quality and the desirable direction of Home Economics Education research in Korea. based upon the analyses of the articles appeared in The Journal of Korea Home Economics Education published by The Korea Home Economics Education Association since 1989. Total number of 142 articles were collected for analysis from the number 1 of volume 1 in 1989 to the number 2 of volume 10 in 1998 of the journal. The major findings by each factors considered in analysis are as follows : 1. Total numbers have been 15 volume for the last 10 years. and published bi-annually. and the size of the article ranges from minimum 7 pages to maximum 46 pages. 2. Among 9 major fields or research. 3 major fields consist of I) 32 articles in the perception of Home Economics(22.54%) : ⅱ) 31 articles in teaching-learning method and teaching materials(21.83%) : and ⅲ)22 articles in curriculum and textbooks(15.49%). 3. Among various types of research. survey research was the most frequently used. 91 articles(64.08%). followed by 16 experimental researches(11.27%) and others of descriptive research. content analysis. and case study. 4. The major data collecting method was the questionnaire survey method of 87 articles(61.27%). followed by the interview. braining storming. and experiment. The major data analysis technique was the statistical analysis of 118 articles. 5. The major target groups for data collection of researches were teacher of junior and high school. followed by the student. The size of the target ranges from 101 to 200 of 12.04% from 201 to 300 of 11.11%. 501 to 600 of 9.26%. and over 1.000 of 6.48%. 6. The numbers of researchers consist of roughly between 1 to 7. Among them. articles by one individual was 35 articles(24.65%). Most studies were not financially supported by ant institutions and universities and the researches with outside financial support were counted only 14 articles(9.86%).

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.132-142
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of Tai Chi exercise on Cardiorespiratory function and to identify directions for future research. Method: 19 articles from Medline search of english journals(1981-2004) and 2 from Korean nursing journals were surveyed. The contents analysis were focused on outcome measures and relative factors regarding cardiopulmonary function. Results: There are 21 articles including 8 articles with quasi experimental design, 7 articles with randomized controlled design and 6 articles with comparative non experimental research design. The major subjects of research were older adults, but hypertensive patients, cardiac rehabilitative patient, and osteoarthritic patient also included. The major style of Tai Chi was Yang style with 108-form. The duration of Tai Chi exercise was from 12weeks to 13.2 years in comparative non experimental studies, but 6 weeks to 16weeks in randomized controlled experimental studies. The most effective duration for cardiopulmonary function was over 16weeks. The variables for cardiopulmonary function were blood pressure, heart rate and cardiopulmonary function via $VO_2$ max(ml/kg/min). To reduce the blood pressure in the result was found in 2 articles, to reduce the heart beat was found in 1 article, to improve the cardiopulmonary function via $VO_2$ max in results were found in 7 articles(73%) among 11 articles. Conclusion: The Tai Chi exercise over 16weeks improves the cardiopulmonary function. It is suggested that to verify the effect of Tai Chi on cardiopulmonary function, the difference of gender, age, health status will be identified through repeated experiments.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.749-757
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• 2010

Purpose: Since skin sparing mastectomy removes the mammary gland and the nipple-areolar complex preserving all mammary skin, it makes the widespread use of implants in immediate reconstruction. This article reports our experience in immediate breast reconstruction after skin sparing mastectomy by using the silicone implants in patients especially who have small to moderate sized and minimal ptotic breast. Methods: From September of 2007 to July of 2009, we performed breast reconstruction for 44 breasts of 40 women with silicone implant after mastectomy. Tumors were divided into 5 malignant types (21 IDC, 18 DCIS, 2 ILC, 2 phylloides tumor, 1 mucinous carcinoma). The implant is placed in a submuscular pocket or in a submuscularsubfascial pocket depending upon the condition of the muscles and skin flaps after mastectomy. Results: The mean age was 47 years and the average follow-up period was 11 months. Cosmetic outcome was assessed by evaluation of photographs and assessment of breast volume and shape, breast symmetry, and overall outcome. About 80% of each of these parameters was scored as good or excellent. Breast complication was developed in a total of 6 cases including 2 capsular contracture, 2 partial skin necrosis due to blue dye injection and 2 implant infection. Conclusion: The use of definitive implants in a skin sparing mastectomy is a one-stage immediate breast reconstruction with low morbidity and acceptable result. This method is considered reliable with favorable aesthetic result.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2019

글로벌한 배경에서 영상언어의 무국경성은 영화를 적재체로 하는 교류를 각 나라의 문화산업 교류차원에서 중요한 내용으로 만든다. 이에 따라 미중, 중일, 한중 등의 영화 합작은 현재 중국 영화 산업의 중요한 구성 부분이 됐다. 이 가운데 한국과 중국은 한옷에 물을 끼고 사는 가까운 이웃으로, 양국 영화 간의 교류도 날로 늘고 있다. 한국 영화는 1990년대부터 되살아나 2000년대 초반 호황을 구가하며 국제 사회에 서독 특한 영향력을 형성하고 있으며 특히 범죄, 미스터리, 멜로 등 장르 영화에 자신만의 특색을 이루고 있다. 2000년 한중 합작영화가 등장하고 2014년 한중 합작영화 협약이 체결되면서 한중 합작영화가 급물살을 탔다. 그러나 한중 합작 영화는 전파효과, 시장 평가면에서 기대에 못 미쳤다. 이 글은 한중 합작 영화의 현재 상황에 따라 문화 할인 이론을 활용해 한중 합작 영화의 문화 할인이 발생한 이유와 이를 어떻게 최대한 피할 수 있는지 분석한다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2010

This article examines the types of tteok (Korean rice cake) recorded in 21 old literatures of the Joseon dynasty (1392-1909) according to its main ingredients. Tteok varieties of the Joseon dynasty were categorized into jjin-tteok, chin-tteok, jijin-tteok, salmeun-tteok and guun-tteok and their changes in cooking method were discussed from the early to late eras of the Joseon dynasty. These can be summarized as follows. In the early, middle and late eras of the Joseon dynasty, there were 1, 15 and 84 kinds of tteok using non-glutinous rice as the main ingredient, and 6, 24 and 120 kinds using glutinous rice, respectively. Tteok using wheat flour was not found in the early Joseon dynasty, whereas 6 and 32 kinds were found in the middle and late eras, respectively. There were 1, 4 and 5 kinds of tteoks using buckwheat, and 5, 11 and 19 kinds using other ingredients such as yam, barley, elephant's ear, oat, and arrowroot flour, in the early, middle and late eras, respectively. The frequency of the main ingredient increased in the order of glutinous rice>non-glutinous rice>wheat flour>other ingredient>buckwheat flour during the Joseon dynasty and the ratio of tteoks using non-glutinous and glutinous rice flours was 1:1.5. The number and types of tteok were noted to increase abruptly throughout the Joseon dynasty. This may be associated with the commercial industrial development that prevailed in the late Joseon dynasty. Further study will be conducted on their recipes and ingredients recorded in these old literatures to develop a standardized recipe for the globalization of tteok.