• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.253-253
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• 2015

This research evaluated the effect of two main sources on the results of the ocean regional circulation model (ORCMs) during downscaling and nesting the results from the coarse data. The two sources should be the domain size, and temporal and spatial resolution different between driving and driven data. The Big-Brother Experiment is applied to examine the impact of them on the results of the ORCMs separately. Within resolution of 3km grid point ORCMs applying in the Big-Brother Experiment framework, it showed that the simulation results of the ORCMs depend on the domain size and specially the spatial and temporal resolution of lateral boundary conditions (LBCs). The domain size can be selected at 9.5 times larger than the interest area, and the spatial resolution between driving data and driven model can be up to 3 of ratio resolution and updating frequency of the LBCs can be up to every 6 hours per day.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.14 no.3 s.37
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• pp.23-30
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• 2006

The case of a forest area has tome limitations of adopting a ground surveying like as TS (Total Station) and RTK-GPS (Real Time Kinematic-GPS) due to the specificity of the forest area. Therefore, the new method, is different from exist the cadastral re-surveying method in a metro area and a cropland, is applicably considered in the forest area. In this paper, we suggest the applicability of the digital cadastral map of forest which is used at KLIS. According to the result of study, the most important area error value for adopted in the cadastral re-surveying is almost contained the error tolerance. Therefore, KLIS data, if it is related with the actual reference data for adjusting the location boundary, is suitable to be adopted in the cadastral re-surveying.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.13B no.2 s.105
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• pp.83-88
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• 2006

Digital image processing algorithm was proposed to measure the area inside of an object image using angle-distance graph used to analyze the pattern of an object in the digital image processing techniques. The first angle-distance graph is generated from a point inside of an object area. The second angle-distance graphs are generated for the areas missed in the first graph by extracting the positions with large gradient in the first angle-distance graph. The order of the graph increases according to the complexity of an object pattern. Size of the area inside of an object boundary is measured by integrating square of distance multiplied by angle for each area from the hierarchical angie-distance graphs.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.381-388
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• 2016

An underwater glider makes it easy to explore a wide area with low power. However, an underwater glider is difficult to use for rapid collection, because the surfacing location cannot be predicted after a dive. Thus, simulation research is needed to predict the swimming path. In this paper, based on research, a linearized equation is derived for the drag coefficient at each angle of attack by assuming the boundary conditions for the Slocum underwater glider and performing a computational flow analysis.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.123-154
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• 1982

Petrochemical, K-Ar dating, Sand Rb/Sr isotopes, metallogenic zoning, paleomagnetic and geotectonic studies of the Gyongsang basin were carried out to examine applicability of plate tectonics to the post-late Cretaceous igneous activity and metallogeny in the southeastern part of Korean Peninsula. The results obtained are as follows: 1. Bulgugsa granitic rocks range from granite to adamellite, whose Q-Ab-Or triangular diagram indicates that the depth and pressure at which the magma consolidated increase from coast to inland varying from 6 km, 0.5-3.3 kb in the coastal area to 17 km, 0.5-10 kb in the inland area. 2. The volcanic rocks in Gyongsang basin range from andesitic to basaltic rocks, and the basaltic rocks are generally tholeiitic in the coastal area and alkali basalt in the inland area. 3. The volcanic rocks of the area have the initial ratio of Sr^{87}/Sr^{86} varying from 0.706 to 0.707 which suggests a continental origin; the ratio of Rb/Sr changing from 0.079-0.157 in the coastal area to 0.021-0.034 in the inland area suggests that the volcanism is getting younger toward coastal side, which may indicate a retreat in stage of differentiation if they were derived from a same magma. The K_2O/SiO_2 (60%) increases from about 1.0 in the coastal area to about 3.0 in the inland area, which may suggest an increase indepth of the Benioff zone, if existed, toward inland side. 4. The K-Ar ages of volcanic rocks were measured to be 79.4 m.y. near Daegu, and 61.7 m.y. near Busan indicating a southeastward decrease in age. The ages of plutonic rocks also decrease toward the same direction with 73 m.y. near Daegu, and 58 m.y. near Busan, so that the volcanism predated the plutonism by 6 m.y. in the continental interior and 4 m.y. along the coast. Such igneous activities provide a positive evidence for an applicability of plate tectonics to this area. 5. Sulfur isotope analyses of sulfide minerals from 8 mines revealed that these deposits were genetically connected with the spacially associated ingeous rocks showing relatively narrow range of ${\delta}^{34}S$ values (-0.9‰ to +7.5‰ except for +13.3 from Mulgum Mine). A sequence of metallogenic zones from the coast to the inland is delineated to be in the order of Fe-Cu zone, Cu-Pb-Zn zone, and W-Mo zone. A few porphyry type copper deposits are found in the Fe-Cu zone. These two facts enable the sequence to be comparable with that of Andean type in South America. 6. The VGP's of Cretaceous and post Cretaceous rocks from Korea are located near the ones($71^{\circ}N$, $180^{\circ}E$ and $90^{\circ}N$, $110^{\circ}E$) obtained from continents of northern hemisphere. This suggests that the Korean peninsula has been stable tectonically since Cretaceous, belonging to the Eurasian continent. 7. Different polar wandering path between Korean peninsula and Japanese islands delineates that there has been some relative movement between them. 8. The variational feature of declination of NRM toward northwestern inland side from southeastern extremity of Korean peninsula suggests that the age of rocks becomes older toward inland side. 9. The geological structure(mainly faults) and trends of lineaments interpreted from the Landsat imagery reveal that NNE-, NWW- and NEE-trends are predominant in the decreasing order of intensity. 10. The NNE-trending structures were originated by tensional and/or compressional forces, the directions of which were parallel and perpendicular respectively to the subduction boundary of the Kula plate during about 90 m.y. B.P. The NWW-trending structures were originated as shear fractures by the same compressional forces. The NEE-trending structures are considered to be priginated as tension fractures parallel to the subduction boundary of the Kula plate during about 70 m.y. B.P. when Japanese islands had drifted toward southeast leaving the Sea of Japan behind. It was clearly demonstrated by many authors that the drifting of Japanese islands was accompanied with a rotational movement of a clock-wise direction, so that it is inferred that subduction boundary had changed from NNE- to NEE-direction. A number of facts and features mentioned above provide a suite of positive evidences enabling application of plate tectonics to the late Cretaceous-early Tertiary igneous activity and metallogeny in the area. Synthesizing these facts, an arc-trench system of continental margin-type is adopted by reconstructing paleogeographic models for the evolution of Korean peninsula and Japan islands. The models involve an extention mechanism behind the are(proto-Japan), by which proto-Japan as of northeastern continuation of Gyongsang zone has been drifted rotationally toward southeast. The zone of igneous activity has also been migrated from the inland in late-Cretaceous to the peninsula margin and southwestern Japan in Tertiary.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2004

In this study, dissolution characteristics of four types of commercial calcium phosphate ceramics were investigated in distilled water with respect to chemical composition and microstructure. For all samples, no significant damage was observed after 3 days of immersion. Following the 7 days of immersion, surface dissolution of the ceramics containing a crystalline phase susceptible to water such as TCP, even pure hydroxyapatite, was initiated at grain boundaries and the dissolution was extended interior to the material along the grain boundaries. In the considerably dissolved area, there was grain separation followed by the formation of 20 $\mu\textrm{m}$ of cavities. In at least one case, the residual pores on the surface appeared to initiate dissolution. In a dissolved area, a crack during the fracture propagates along the grain boundaries resulting in intergranular fracture, while transgranular fracture occurs in a dense area without significant dissolution.

• Journal of Ubiquitous Convergence Technology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 2008

In this paper, we demonstrate the boundary effect of a deployed regions on the effective coverage of a mobile node. A node coverage area is not uniform throughout the entire deployed region. Assuming a uniform coverage can result in significant error in calculations. In this study, we analyze the behavior of a node's coverage area as a function of its transmission range throughout the entire deployed region. Using this analysis, a mathematical model for effective coverage in mobile wireless communications is created. The mathematical model considers the effect of the deployed regions boundaries on the coverage area of a mobile node. Lastly, we present simulation results to verify the analytical model and to compare this model with that of a uniform coverage.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.61-70
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• 1995

The purpose of this paper is to calculate the excavation volume of unequal interval grid using nonlinear boundary in eathwork volume determination for reclamation of the foreshore. A congruence area formula by first and third equation is compared with trapezoidal, simpson formulas to earthwork volume. And nonlinear spot level method of unequal interval grid is compared with linear and nonlinear spot level method of equal interval grid excavation volume. As a result algorithm of derived area and volume formula should provide a better accuracy than linear and nonlinear spot level currently in use. Practical application of each method to the excavation volume is illustrated by digital elevation model of aerial photogrammetry and model test of aquarium.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.301-317
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• 2011

Statistical and probabilistic behaviors of fibers forming fiber webs of all kinds are of great significance in the determination of the uniformity and physical properties of the webs commonly found in many industrial products such as filters, membranes and non-woven fabrics. However, in studying the spatial geometry of the webs the observations must be theoretically as well as experimentally confined within a specified unit area. This paper provides a general theory and framework for computer simulation for quantifying the fiber segments bounded by the unit area in consideration of the "edge effects" resulting from the truncated length segments within the boundary. The probability density function and the first and second moments of the length segments found within the counting region were derived by properly defining the seeding region and counting region.

• Water for future
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.47-60
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• 1993

The evaluation of grounwater flow in the Ingulam valley catchment area in the vicinity of SamKwang mine was studied. In this study, field hydraulic tests, groundwater flow measurement, and MODFLOW model application were carried out. The results of analysis are described as follows. The rainrate infiltrated into the ground in the study area, hardly reached the gneiss region deeper than EL.(+)100m above the surface of seawater. The rainwater infiltrated into the ground near the water system boundary, flowed out into the vicinity of streams and the travel time was between 15 and 263 years. Also, the estimated total flow rate of the groundwater in the study area was 307㎥/day.