• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.275-279
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• 1977

During the experimental rearing period of common carp in a small simple recirculating aquarium combined with frequent exchanges of water and cleanings, some observations were made on the conditions of fish growing which was directly and instantly affected by the cleaning frequency of strainer, changing rate of water, division and frequency of feed supply, prohibition of excess feeding and the amount of dissolved oxygen. The fish don't seem to be stressed by the manipulation for the change of rearing water, cleaning of detritus in the strainer and filter. It appeared that the most hazzardous matters to fish growth were : 1) supplying feed when fish do not show active response to feed supplied, and 2) giving ample amount of feed at one time. When especially the amount of the feed is within the range fish instantly can swallow, the water clarity is maintained even after feeding operation, but if any excess amount is given the fish intake into mouth much more feed than able to instantly swallow and try to swallow it resulting in much dissolving and suspension of feed materials in water, making the water quite cloudy. Consequently all the water as well as filter bed becomes significantly polluted.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.89-106
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• 2012

This study estimated the size of ornamental fish market as the basis survey for the development of the ornamental fish industry in Korea. It presents improvement projects agendas for the development of the Korean ornamental fish industry by investigating the challenges of the ornamental fish industry and consumer awareness. First, looking at the size of the ornamental fish market, calculated on the basis of survey results, the size of ornamental fish market is analysed as 231.8 billion won. The actual ornamental fish market is presumed to be much larger than this considering unclear gross sales from e-commerce and group sales, goods excluded from the ornamental fish export, expensive ornamental fish transaction from smuggling are missing. Ornamental fish industry and consumer awareness survey results can be described as follows: First, revenue structure of the ornamental fish market depends on a handful of expensive purchasing group rather than on low-cost consumption group. Second, many members of the ornamental fish producers, wholesalers, road shops are small-scale. Third, the sale of aquarium fish and aquarium fish related supplies in road shop have different market structures. Fourth, ornamental fish consumption is in the ongoing recession. Fifth, ornamental fish industry hopes for expansion of distribution and Research & Development. Sixth, satisfaction of ornamental fish consumers is generally low. As described above, ornamental fish industry in Korea are vulnerable in the market structure and industry is small and the consumer's satisfaction degree is staying in the 'normal' level. If current state will continue, future consumption can be reduced. It is necessary to increase the competitiveness by using various method including reorganization of the structure of the ornamental fish industry even though it is hard to reach conclusion only with the results of the survey.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.163-167
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• 1999

In order to investigate territorial behaviour, Pungitius sinensis kaibarae were collected from Sacheon-river, Kangwon-do, Korea. They are reared in aquarium with designed experimental region from March to May 1996. In this study, territorial behaviour was divided into 1) pre-territorial movements of a shoal under varying water-weeds position 2) individual ranking patterns in connection with total length of fish 3) the change in size of territorial maps during the parental stage. The movements of a shoal tend to prefer regions with water-weeds and the lower half of the aquarium. Competition for territory was fierce, and fish that are longer in total length dominate smaller one in occupying territory. Both males and females developed territorial behaviour as they grew. However, male's territory was enlarged according to the hatching and dispersion of fry. At this time, aggressive tendencies reached their peak.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.298-303
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• 2005

This study described the reproductive behavior and the morphological development of the larvae and juvenile of the hedgehog seahorse (Hippocampus spinosissimus). Larvae released from male seahorse were reared for 30 days in the laboratory. At the birth, the small flap-like mouth and anus of the yolk-sac larvae were open, and the yolk was completely absorbed within 1 day. The size of newborn larvae ranged 7.01-13.19mm (mean $9.26\pm1.9mm$, n=9) in TL (total length). The larvae had 15-16 pectoral fin rays and 19 dorsal fin rays, but 4 anal fin rays were not completely developed. The larval size ranged 13.38-14.38 mm (mean $13.96\pm0.3mm$, n=6) in TL at 1 day after release, and they had 17 pectoral fin rays, 20 dorsal fin rays and 4 anal fin rays when the larvae reached the juvenile stage. Juvenile size ranged 14.98-16.42mm (mean $15.84\pm0.5mm$, n=5) in TL at 3 days after release, and 1, 4, 6, 8 trunk spines extended quickly. Terminal part of the coronet became a four-forked wedge shape concurrently. Juvenile became 23.25mm (n=l) in TL after 15 days and all 11 trunk rings was connected completely. After 20 days, the juveniles were 24.66-28.65mm (mean $27.26\pm1.6mm$, n=5) in TL, and many melanophores appeared in integument. In the eye lenses, 5-6 lusters were formed. After 30 days, the juveniles were 26.78-28.26 mm (mean $27.36\pm0mm$, n=4)in TL and 8-9 lusters appeared on the eye lenses. Coronet terminal part developed to a five-forked crown-shape completely.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.200-213
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• 2013

As an exploratory research, this paper studied the characteristics of visitor experience in the world first digital aquarium 'IQuarium' by the qualitative observation method. Between June and August of 2013, the first and second qualitative observations were made to gather the data of the behavioral and linguistic responses of visitors. The results of this study were as follows: First, visitors experienced the transformation of their identity and escapism by participating the activities. Second, they experienced the entertaining competition spirit against other visitors for fun. Third, they acted as story-makers by actively participating into the missions. Fourth, they had educational experiences by obtaining information about sea life and experienced the aesthetical atmosphere of 'IQuarium'. Although this study has limitations of the subjective perspective based on qualitative observation method, it will provide proper insight into advanced research in similar fields in the future.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.267-273
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• 1977

Rainbow trout were reared in a small indoor aquarium which was equipped with a simple recirculating biofilter combined with a small amount of inflowing water for 199 days from April 25 to November 10, 1977 in Busan where very hot summer air temperature is encountered, and results obtained were promissing as following; 1. The aquarium has dimensions of $1m\;\times\;1m\;\times\;67cm(depth)$, and a bottom center sedimentation chamber of conical type through which out-flowing water is pushing fecal matter and other detritus outward. The conical sedimentation chamber measures 20 cm depth and 20 cm diameter at its upper mouth and tapers to the bottom end which is connected to 4 cm diameter draining pipe. The draining pipe goes through under the tank and then is elevated on the side. The water depth was maintained at about 40 cm depth by adjusting the heigh of draining pipe. The filter bed contained 16 l of $3\~5\;mm$ zeolite gravels, and water circulation rate was about 1030 l/hr. 2. Continuous inflowing water resulted in a good elimination of waste materials through its outflowing water thus reducing waste loading in the filter. 3. Mean temperature of water in the rearing aquarium containing about 400 l water volume was maintained at around 20 to $22^{\circ}C$ by 0.59 l/min of the inflowing well water which usually maintained the temperature of $17^{\circ}C$ during the hot summer season from the first of July to the first of October when the 10-days-mean air temperature ranged from $20^{\circ}\;to\;27.3^{\circ}C$ $(total\;mean\;24.6^{\circ}C) $ and under this condition the fish continued normal growth. 4. The production per 1 l/min of inflowing water with this simple biofilteration reached 30 hg. 5. The total cost including all feed and power during this experimental rearing period fell well within the economic establishment and if the feed and filteration system are improved the benefit-cost ratio will be much increased.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.233-238
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• 1978

Rainbow trout were reared in a stainless steel aquarium from Nov. 11, 1977 to June 12, 1978, and the following results were obtained : 1. The volume of water was about $400\iota$ in a aquarium measuring $1m\;(Length)\times1m\;(Width)\times67cm(Height)$ and water depth 40 cm. Water was supplied for about 16 hours daily at a rate $3\iota/min$ and was drained through the conical settling part in the middle of the aquarium bottom. Filter tank was about $23cm(W)\times23cm(L)\times40cm(D)$ and contained pebbles 30 cm in depth. Water recirculation rate was at)out $1,030\iota/hr$, or 2.6 turn-over per hour. 2. During the first period (77 days), the trout grew from 88.3g to 229g in average, the total weight attaining 30.7kg. The food coefficient was 1.249, average daily increment 243.3g, average daily growth rate 1.245%, and the mortality was 2 smallest fish weighing 53 g, owing to unknown reason. During the second period (135 days), the trout grew from 239g to 555g in average, the total weight attaining 57.2 kg. The food coefficient was 1.447, average daily increment 279.8g, average daily growth rate $0.65\%$ and the mortality was 31 fish weighing 11,255 g, owing partly to miss-handling and partly to disease. 3. The feed consisting of fully domestic materials was prepared in this laboratory, and the feed conversion was not inferior to high protein commercial feed available in foreign countries. 4. The result of whole period for 212 days was 56.5 kg in gross increment, and based on this result, when $1\iota/min$ full day inflowing water available, the net production will become 28.25 kg. So, if a 5000kg production is planned, $180\iota/min$ or about $10.8m^3/hr$ be reauired, and the production in value frill become 15million won at local price at the expense of about 5.3 million won. From the result of this experiment, rainbow trout is feasible for commercial production in Korea with relatively small amount of well water and simplified water recirculation system.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.16-18
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• 2003

Seven specimens of Sebastes melanops, black rockfish and three of S. maliger, quillback rockfish, were collected from Oregon Coast Aquarium during the period of September 19 to November 5, 2001 and examined for parasites. One monogenean helminth species and parasitic copepod species were recorded from black and quillback rockfishes, respectively. A total of 26 parasites were collected: 16 Microcotyle sebastis from the gill filaments of black and quillback rockfishes and 10 Clavella adunca were found in the fins of black rockfish. The prevalence of Microcotyle sebastis was 40.0%, and intensity of infection was 2.0(1-11). With regard to Clavella adunca, the prevalence and intensity were 20.0% and 1.4(2-8), respectively.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.157-162
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• 2007

The goal of researching a proper crowd animation is to design system that is satisfied with the reality of scenes, performance of system, and interaction with users to show the crowd vividly and effectively in virtual underwater world. In this paper, we smartly expressed the behavior patterns for flocks of fish in virtual underwater and we made up for the weak points in spending time and cost to produce crowd animation. We compared with the number of mesh, the number of fish, the number of frame, elapsed time, and resolution and analyzes them with the fish behavior simulating system. We developed a virtual underwater simulator using this system.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.42-44
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• 2003

The study of the gill infection of rockfishes, Sebastes spp. by monogenetic trematodes conducted during March 2002 to June 2002 are presented. Three species are reported krom examination of 23 rockfishes collected from Oregon Coast Aquarium and Newport fish market, Oregon. Ten rockishes belonging to three species showed an infection rate of 43.5%. A total of 135 monogenetic trematodes was found in the gills of Sebastes spp. Of 135 worms recovered from the gills of 4 harbor rockfishes, two were Sebastes maliger, 14 S. melanops, 110 S. pinniger, and 9 S. crameri. Prevalence and intensity in Microcotyle seba.fis were 11.9％ and 4.0, and for Trochopus trituba they were 81.5% and 55.0, and for Trochopus australis, they were 6.7% and 2.3, respectively. These worms are mainly found firmly attached to the primary lamellae of the gills of the rockfishes.