• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.19 no.38
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• pp.17-28
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• 1996

ISO 9000 Series International Standard have been established in 1987 and world trading patterns have changed into the request of ISO 9000 series approval. About 1100 domestic companies have currently obtained ISO 9000 series approval from domestic or foreign certification bodies. This paper presents the current status of ISO approval of domestic industries, a case study of a valve manufacturing company in Pusan, procedures for obtaining ISO approval, predictable effects as a result of approval, and recommendations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.10
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• pp.51-62
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• 1986

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among Clothing Satisfaction, Social approval, Psychological dependence, and Social security-insecurity and to determine the difference of clothing behaviors by the demographic variables such as age, socioeconomics status, education, religion, and material status. Clothing Satisfaction was measured by Rim's Questionnaire(1974) moditide and supplemented for this study. For the measurement of Social approval and Psychological dependence, the Clothing Interest Inventory developed by Creekmore (1971) was adapted for this story. The measurement for the Social security-insecurity was adapted from Lapitsky's (1961) Social Security Inventory. Data were collected from 322 purposively selected elderly women over sixty dwelling in Seoul by means of interviews. For statistical analysis, frequency distribution, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficients were used. The results were as follows: 1. There were significant relationships among Clothing satisfaction, Social approval, and Psychological dependence. Negative significant relaionships were found between Clothing satisfaction and Social approval and between Clothing satisfaction and Psychological dependence. 2. There was negative significant relationship between Social security-insecurity and Clothing satisfaction, while positive significant relationships were found between Social security-insecurity and Social approval, and between Social security- insecurity and Psychological dependence. 3. There was significant difference in Clothing satisfaction according to socioeconomic status and education. 4. There was significant difference in Social approval according to socioeconomic statusand education. 5. There was significant difference in Psychological dependence according to education and religion.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2019

Objective: This study analyzed the status of the application of trade secrets in MSDSs according to size and type of industry. The contents of the MSDS non-public approval policy are summarized. We suggest proactive improvement requirements related to the operation of the MSDS non-public approval policy. Methods: To review this subject, we selected 153 manufacturers and six importers in such fields as organic chemical production. The trade secrets application status and ratio (%) of MSDSs by industry size and industry classification were investigated. Improvements toward a proactive system related to the operation of the MSDS non-public approval policy under the Occupational Safety and Health Act(OSHA) were summarized. Results and Conclusions: According to the results, the trade secret ratio in MSDSs by industry size was 33% in workplaces with less than 50 employees, 23.1% in workplaces with more than 50 but less than 100 workers, 73% in workplaces with more than 100 workers, and 83.4% in workplaces with 300 or more workers. For the trade secret writing rate for MSDSs by industry, the highest was MOCCP (Manufacture of ink, paint, coating and similar products) at 80.9%. MOC (Manufacture of other chemicals) was the lowest at 16.2%. We propose four proactive efforts to minimize the administrative burden of implementation of the MSDS non-public approval policy. The results of this study can be used as basic data for policy improvements to make more effective use of MSDS.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.6-23
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• 2001

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.207-215
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• 2008

Drug approval-patent linkage is the practice of linking drug marketing approval to the patent status of the originator's product and not allowing the grant of marketing approval to any third party prior to the expiration of the patent term unless by consent of the patent owner. Article 18.9.5 of Korea-US Free Trade Agreement requires that Korea introduce the linkage system in drug marketing approval. However, Korea is unfamiliar with the linkage system. In addition, there have been lots of arguments over the impacts of this system on Korean pharmaceutical industry and pharmaceutical market in the future. This report investigated the linkage systems of the US and Canada. The US and Canada have implemented drug approval-patent linkage system since 1984 and 1993, respectively. Both countries have patent lists for drug approvalpatent linkage on which originators are required to list patents on substance, product, and use of their drugs. Generic or follow-on drug applicants must contain a certification regarding each patent listed that relates to the referenced drug. If the patent holder files suit for patent infringement within 45 days of notice of application, drug approval is not allowed for several months - 30 months in the US and 24 months in Canada. Both countries have amended their systems after having experienced unexpected results such as listing improper and additional patents, multiple patent litigations and delayed generic entries. After reviewing the US and Canada's experiences, we suggested three principles needed in implementing the system: protecting patent holder's right; promoting generic drug development and marketing; monitoring the process and the effect of the system.

• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.106-114
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• 2009

Until now, The Market of aviation parts had led by OEM(Original Equipment Manufacturer) parts because of aviation industry's nature required higher reliability and safety. But recently, The interest about PMA parts in aviation market is increasing continuously with various environmental changes, such as economic stagnation, oil price rise, development of the manufacture technique and newly rising market of Asia-Pacific region. Actually, after 2006, FAA PMA approval parts are increasing at a rate of around 40,000 parts per year and 2.5% of PMA parts penetration, in 2007, in Asia-Pacific market is forecast to enlarge up to 8% in 2017. So, this paper introduces the process requirements of FAA PMA / EASA EPA and the status of PMA market in order to enhance understanding for certification for aviation parts and to review a new PMA market.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 2014

Purpose: This study examined gender differences on Musculoskeletal disease (MSD) medical status, the characteristics of the approved patients in workers, and the factors affected approval. Methods: Claim data for the MSD to the Korea Worker's Compensation & Welfare Services (2011) were employed. The medical status by gender was analyzed using t-test, chi square-test and multivariate logistic regression models. Results: The number of claims for MSD has continuously increased in females but not in males since 2006. The severity measured by the care duration, surgery experience and disability grade has been substantially higher in males than in females. Age, size of company, types of occupation, work duration and the weight of materials handled daily were associated with the approval. When males were considered, the work duration, the weight of materials handled daily and parts of the body were statistically significant predictors of approval in males. In case of female, there were meaningful predictors in types of industry and parts of the body. Conclusion: These findings suggest that gender-specific risk factors of MSD should be measured and the management program for MSD should be developed.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.22-24
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• 2003

This presentation briefly will be introduced on new drug approval process and the review of safety and efficacy of drugs in Korea. First, we will present the regulation related to new drug registration [Regulation of the Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Drugs, etc (Notification No. 2003-17), Standards for Toxicity Test of Drugs, etc(Notification 1999-61) and GLP Regulation for Nonclinical Laboratory Studies (Notification No. 2000-63)] and the regulation related to clinical trial [Guidelines to Clinical Study Authorization for Drugs (Notification No. 2002-65)] and [Korean Good Clinical Practice(KGCP, Notification No. 1999-67) Regulation]. (omitted)

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.129-144
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• 1994

This research is to examine the homogeneity in premarital resources that is exchanged in mate selection and its effect on marital satisfaction among the urban couples in the early period of marriage. Structured questionnaires from 310 urban couples who had been married less than three years were analyzed in this study. First the urban couples tended to seek homogamous selection in age educational level in socioeconomic status of the parents and themselves, Second those who had a spouse from his(her) own religious parental socioeconomic status showed higher level of marital satisfaction than those who had not. The rewards from personal traits such as physical attractiveness gender-role identity personality role-expectation value orientation and perceived reward found to have strong and positive associations with marital satisfaction. Parental approval and semi-arranged marriage were associated with marital satisfaction. Third perceived rewards from these resources and parental approval had significant effects on marital satisfaction; almost half of marital satisfaction was explained by these premarital factors.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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• v.34
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• pp.31.1-31.14
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• 2022

Background: This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) in occupational disease claims and identify patterns of WRMSDs for each body part by industry and occupation. Methods: This study analyzed the raw data of occupational disease claims for musculoskeletal disorders deliberated by the Occupational Disease Decision Committee of the Korea Workers' Compensation & Welfare Service in 2020. The data was classified into 6 body parts with the highest numbers of occupational disease cases by using the complete enumeration data on principal diagnoses and 4 types of subdiagnoses in the raw data. The characteristics and approval rates of WRMSDs by body part, industry and occupation were examined and summarized. Results: A total of 13,015 occupational disease cases for WRMSDs were classified, and lumbar spinal (back) diseases accounted for the largest proportion of claimed diseases, followed by shoulder, elbow, wrist, knee, and neck diseases in a descending order. The occupations with the highest and second highest numbers of occupational disease cases by body part were found to be automobile assemblers and production-related elementary workers for the neck, school meal service workers and cooks for the back, construction frame mold carpenters and school meal service workers for the shoulder, elementary workers in mining and food service workers for the elbow, food service workers and automobile parts assemblers for the wrist, and ship welders and school meal service workers for the knee. Conclusions: This study examined the characteristics and approval status of WRMSDs by body part and occupation. Based on the study results, management strategies for the prevention of WRMSDs should be established regarding occupations with a high risk of WRMSDs for each body part.