• Medical Lasers
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.64-73
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• 2019

Background and Objectives The effectiveness of many physiotherapy modalities in reducing subcutaneous fat has been investigated in numerous previous studies. However, to the best of our knowledge, there have been no attempts to determine the effectiveness of physiotherapy modalities in body contouring. The present report determined the effect of 448-kHz capacitive resistive monopolar radiofrequency (CRMRF) in a porcine model. Materials and Methods This study investigated the effect of selective destruction of the subcutaneous fat layer in abdominal fat tissue using CRMRF. The effects of two types of CRMRF (capacitive electric transfer (CET) and resistive electric transfer (RET)) treatment were evaluated using regular digital photography in addition to thermal imaging evaluation, ultrasound measurement, hematological evaluation, and histologic analyses (H&E (hematoxylin and eosin), Oil red O, and immunohistochemistry staining). Results Preclinical evaluation was performed to obtain the data for comparison of the safety and efficacy of the subcutaneous fat reduction after applying CRMRF using CET and RET. After treatment, the thermal transmission was effective, and a 42-47℃ temperature change was observed in the fat layer while an approximately temperature of 42℃ was confirmed on the skin surface. Moreover, after the application of both types of CRMRF treatment, fibrotic septa were observed in the adipose tissue induced by heat at the treatment sites. TUNEL staining was also performed to confirm the process of apoptosis in the adipocytes. Conclusion These results suggest that both CET and RET for CRMRF treatment are safe and effective for subcutaneous fat reduction in a porcine model.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

Traditional cuisine reflects cooking traditions shaped by political, economic, social, cultural, and environmental conditions characterized by authenticity and uniqueness. Traditional food is not only a part of our cultural heritage but also a knowledge resource. Application of food science and technology in Korean traditional foods was reviewed from six points of view, including food preservation, fermentation, changes in food materials, utilization of food functionality, and packaging and development of cooking appliances. Books from disparate times were chosen in order to cover a wide range of materials from the past to the present. Food preservation and fermentation techniques were applied to various food materials. Combination of science and skills contributes to the accessibility of diverse food materials and better quality foods. Koreans use assorted and resilient plants, which have an abundance of functional substances such as food materials. Among cooking appliances, microwave oven and refrigerator are the most innovative products with huge influences on food eating patterns as well as lifestyle. Packaging effectively reduces post-harvest preservation losses, and better packaging has technical improvements for storage and distribution. Kimchi was chosen as an example in order to study technology from the past to the present. Availability of Kimchi cabbage, enrichment of functional ingredients, identification of useful microbial species, standardization of recipe for commercialization, prevention of texture softening, introduction of salted Kimchi cabbage and Kimchi refrigerators, and packaging were reviewed. The future of traditional foods in the market will be competitive. First, traditional foods market should be maintained to protect the diversity of food materials. Secondly, tailored foods for individuals should be considered using foods with functional properties. Information on health benefits would provide insights into health and traditional food products. Third, speedy transfer of new technology to the traditional food industry is needed to ensure food quality production and new opportunities in the market. Fourth, safety of traditional foods should be ensured without sacrificing the essential characteristics of culturally important foods. Improvement of logistics, distribution, and facility should be carried out. As demand for convenience foods increases, traditional foods should be developed into products.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.207-224
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• 2011

Diseases caused by plant pathogenic bacteria constitute an emerging threat to global food security. Xanthomonas is a large genus of Gram-negative bacteria that cause disease in several host plants leading to considerable losses in productivity and quality of harvests. Despite the ranges of controlling techniques available, the microbiological safety of economically important crops and crop plants including fruits and vegetables continues to be a major concern to the agriculture industry. On the other hand, many of the currently available antimicrobial agents for agriculture are highly toxic, non-biodegradable and cause extended environmental pollution. Besides, the use of antibiotics has provoked an increased resistance among the bacterial pathogens and their pathovars. Thus, novel efficient and safe remedies for controlling plant bacterial diseases are necessary. There has been an increasing interest worldwide on therapeutic values of natural products such as essential oils, hence the purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the published data on the antibacterial efficacy of essential oils that could be considered suitable for application in agriculture as biocontrol measures against plant pathogenic bacteria of Xanthomonas species. The current knowledge on the use of essential oils to control Xanthomonas bacteria in vitro and in vivo models has been discussed. A brief description on the legal aspects on the use of essential oils against bacterial pathogens has also been presented. Through this review, a mode of antibacterial action of essential oils along with their chemical nature and the area for future research have been thoroughly discussed.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.85-92
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• 2006

모든 원유(crude oil) 와 연료유(refined petroleum) 는 서로 구별되는 개별 탄화수소 특성을 가지고 있다. 원유의 경우 산지별로 고유한 특성을 지니고 있으며, 연료유의 경우 같은 유종이라 할지라도 그 원료가 되는 원유의 특성, 또는 생산공정, 생산시기 등에서 차이점이 발생하고 생산시기가 동일한 통일유종의 기름이더라도 선박의 연료탱크 내에 남아있는 잔류물과의 혼합 등에 의해 구별될 수 있는 특징을 가지게 된다. 유지문기법(oil fingerprint method)은 이러한 특성을 이용하여 해상유출유의 오염원을 밝히기 위한 감식 분석기법을 말한다. 현재의 유용한 유지문기법으로는 기체크로마토그래피 (GC)를 이용한 포화탄화수소류 방향족탄화수소류 황화합물 패턴분석방법과 적외선분광광도계(IR)를 이용한 적외선스펙트럼 측정방법 그리고 형광분광광도계(FL)를 이용한 방향족탄화수소류 스펙트럽분석방법 둥이 있으며 GC/MS를 이용한 EICs(Extracted Ion Chromatograms) 패턴분석방법이 있다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2006

Thermal fatigue of the coolant circuits of PWR plants is a major issue for nuclear safety. The problem is especially accute in mixing zones, like T-junctions, where large differences in water temperature between the two inlets and high levels of turbulence can lead to large temperature fluctuations at the wall. Until recently, studies on the matter had been tackled at EDF using steady methods: the fluid flow was solved with a CFD code using an averaged turbulence model, which led to the knowledge of the mean temperature and temperature variance at each point of the wall. But, being based on averaged quantities, this method could not reproduce the unsteady and 3D effects of the problem, like phase lag in temperature oscillations between two points, which can generate important stresses. Benefiting from advances in computer power and turbulence modelling, a new methodology is now applied, that allows to take these effects into account. The CFD tool Code_Saturne, developped at EDF, is used to solve the fluid flow using an unsteady L.E.S. approach. It is coupled with the thermal code Syrthes, which propagates the temperature fluctuations into the wall thickness. The instantaneous temperature field inside the wall can then be extracted and used for structure mechanics computations (mainly with EDF thermomechanics tool Code_Aster). The purpose of this paper is to present the application of this methodology to the simulation of a straight T-junction mock-up, similar to the Residual Heat Remover (RHR) junction found in N4 type PWR nuclear plants, and designed to study thermal striping and cracks propagation. The results are generally in good agreement with the measurements; yet, in certain areas of the flow, progress is still needed in L.E.S. modelling and in the treatment of instantaneous heat transfer at the wall.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 학술발표 논문집
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• pp.211-217
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• 1998

Many practical control problems for the complex, uncertain or large-scale plants, need to simultaneously achieve a number of objectives, which may conflict or compete with each other. If the conventional optimization methods are applied to solve these control problems, the solution process may be time-consuming and the resulting solution would ofter lose its original meaning of optimality. Nevertheless, the human operators usually performs satisfactory results based on their qualitative and heuristic knowledge. In this paper, we investigate the control strategies of the human operators, and propose a fuzzy model-based multi-objective satisfactory controller. We also apply it to the automatic train operation(ATO) system for the magnetically levitated vehicles(MAGLEV). One of the human operator's strategies is to predict the control result in order to find the meaningful solution. In this paper, Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model is used to simulated the prediction procedure. Another str tegy is to evaluate the multiple objectives with respect to their own standards. To realize this strategy, we propose the concept of a satisfactory solution and a satisfactory control scheme. The MAGLEV train is a typical example of the uncertain, complex and large-scale plants. Moreover, the ATO system has to satisfy multiple objectives, such as seed pattern tracking, stop gap accuracy, safety and riding comfort. In this paper, the speed pattern tracking controller and the automatic stop controller of the ATO system is designed based on the proposed control scheme. The effectiveness of the ATO system based on the proposed scheme is shown by the experiments with a rotary test bed and a real MAGLEV train.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.490-497
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• 2019

최근 줄기세포에 대한 생물학적 지식의 발전으로 인해 이를 실제 환자의 치료에 적용시키기 위한 다양한 노력들이 이루어지고 있다. 중간엽 줄기세포는 골수 흡인물로부터 처음 발견되었으나 현재는 지방, 피부, 근육, 제대혈 등 다양한 조직으로부터 추출될 수 있는 다능성 기질세포로 이해되고 있다. 그동안 중간엽 줄기세포의 골형성능은 여러 실험 및 동물 연구를 통해 증명되었으며 골결손, 골괴사, 불유합 등의 어려운 임상 상황에서 일부 성공적인 골재생 결과들이 보고되고 있다. 하지만 아직까지 각 질환별 적응증이나 표준화된 적용법이 마련되어 있지 않으며 효능 및 안전성에 대한 객관적 증거가 부족한 상태이다. 중간엽 줄기세포를 이용한 골재생은 앞으로 더욱 확대될 가능성이 높으나 표준적인 치료로 인정받기 위해서는 아직 해결되어야 할 과제들 또한 남아 있다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.206-214
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• 2000

The pressure tube is a major component of the CANDU reactor, which supports nuclear fuel bundle and it's containment vessel. If a flaw is found during the periodic inspection from the pressure tube s. the integrity evaluation must be carried out. and the safety requirements must be satisfied for continued service. In order to complete the integrity evaluation, complicated and iterative calculation procedures are required. Besides, a lot of data and knowledge for the evaluation are required for the entire: integrity evaluation process. For this reason. an integrity evaluation system, which provides efficient of evaluation with the help of attached databases, was developed. The developed system was built on the basis of ASME Sec. XI and FFSG(Fitness For Service Guidelines for zirconium alloy pressure tubes in operating CANDU reactors) issued by the AECL, and covers the delayed hydride cracking(DHC). This system does not only provide various databases including the 3-D finite element analysis results on pressure tubes, inspection data and design specifications but also is compatible with other commercial database software. In order to verify the developed system, several case studies have been performed and the results were compared with those from AECL. A good agreement was observed between those two results.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.65-69
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• 2014

우리나라 원자력 산업은 일본 후쿠시마 원전 사고로 큰 타격을 받았다. 대부분의 사람들은 TV, 인터넷 등 대중매체를 통해 발표되는 사고 및 사건에 관련된 내용으로 인하여 원자력 및 방사선에 대한 부정적인 인식을 갖고 있다. 특히, 우리나라 학생들은 정규 교육과정에서 거의 원자력 및 방사선을 배우지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 대전 지역 일반 고등학생을 대상으로 방사선 체험학습 프로그램을 수행하고 이를 통한 방사선에 대한 개념과 위험성 인식의 변화를 설문조사 방식으로 파악하고자 하였다. 그 결과 다수의 학생들은 체험학습을 통하여 방사선에 대한 개념을 정립하는 한편 일부 학생들의 인식이 긍정적으로 변화된 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 사실을 바탕으로 학생들을 대상으로 방사선에 대하여 바르게 알리고 이해시키기 위하여 보다 개선된 설문조사 방식의 개발과 이를 활용한 다양한 방사선 관련 체험학습이 개발되어야 할 것이며, 방사선 안전에 대한 교육과 홍보가 상호보완적으로 수행될 수 있는 방안이 모색되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.202-217
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• 2022

연구목적: 최근 개인형 이동장치(PM : Personal Mobility) 이용이 지속적으로 증가하면서 사고 또한 매년 폭발적으로 급증하고 있다. 이에 따라 PM 이용에 대한 안전 요구가 강화되고 있으나 여전히 안전한 환경을 위한 법/제도, 인프라, 관리체계 등은 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 PM 관련 선행연구 검토를 토대로 주요 문제점과 개선방안을 종합적으로 모색하고, 델파이조사를 통해 개선방안의 중요성에 따른 우선순위를 제시한다. 연구방법: 연구방법은 크게 문헌연구와 전문가 설문조사(델파이조사)로 구성된다. 기존의 선행연구와 개선사례(지방자치단체, 정부부처, 업체 등)를 검토하여 문제점, 개선사항을 도출하고 키워드를 기반으로 문제점/개선사항 분류표를 작성한다. 분류 내용을 토대로 전문가 설문조사를 실시하여 우선순위 개선방안을 도출한다. 연구결과: PM 관련 문제점은 인적요인과 관련하여 '교통법규 미준수, 지식 부족, 조작 미숙, 안전의식 부재'가, 물리적요인과 관련하여 '기기 특성, 도로-주행 가능 공간, 도로시설물, 주차시설'이, 관리적요인으로 '관리/감독, 제품관리, 이용자관리, 교육/훈련'이, 그 외 이 모든 요인들과 관련한 법률적요인을 '법률 부재/미흡, 혼선/중복, 실효성 저하' 측면으로 나눠볼 수 있었다. 이와 관련한 개선과제로 'PM 교육·홍보, 주차·반납, 도로개선, PM 등록·관리, 보험, 안전기준, 통행기준, PM 기기안전, PM 부대시설, 단속/관리, 전담조직, 서비스제공업체, 관리체계, 이와 관련한 법/제도 개선'의 14개 핵심 부문에 대해 42개 세부과제를 도출하였다. 세부 과제에 대한 중요도 평가결과 비용, 시간, 효과, 시급성, 실현가능성 평가항목에 대해 평균이 종합적으로 높은 과제는 '단속/계도활동 강화, 교육홍보/캠페인, 무단방치 PM관리, 통행규정 명확화'로 나타났다. 결론: PM 시장은 공유 서비스를 기반으로 점차 시장 규모가 커지고 있으며, 산업 활성화와 더불어 PM 이용의 안전환경이 보장되어야 한다. 이러한 측면에서 본 연구는 PM 관련 주요 문제점, 개선방안을 종합적인 관점에서 모색하고 우선적으로 필요한 개선대책의 순위를 알아본데 있어 그 의미가 있으며 향후 정책수립 자료의 기초가 될 수 있다는 점에서 그 가치가 있다. 향후에는 실질적인 정책 적용을 위해 개선 핵심 분야별로 심층적인 자료 보완이 필요할 것이다.