• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.433-439
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• 2001

Intakes and excretions of calcium and phosphorus were determined for 8 female adolescents(aged 16.3$\pm$0.5y; body mass index 20.4$\pm$1.3kg/$m^2$; body fat 33.3$\pm$2.5%; bone mineral density of lumbar spine in L2-L4; 0.96$\pm$0.08g/$\textrm{cm}^2$) when they consumed diets basal and high in calcium for 6 days each. All subjects consumed a basal Ca diet containing 800mg, Korean RDA level of the subjects, and a high Ca diet containing 1200mg, RDA plus 2 SDs of calcium intake. The diets provided 58% of energy intake as carbohydrate, 25% as fat, and 17% as protein. Food, urine, and fecal composites were collected during the last 3 days of each feeding period. Fecal excretion of calcium was significantly greater on the high Ca than on the basal Ca diet. Hence, apparent absorption rate was significantly lowered from 40.9% on the basal Ca diet to 33.1% on the high Ca diet. There was no significant difference in calcium retention between the two diet periods but it tended to be greater on the high Ca diet. However, excretions and retention of phosphorus did not show any significant difference even though intake was significantly increased from 1,253mg on the basal Ca diet to 1,583mg on the high Ca diet. The results indicate that higher calcium intake than the Korean RDA level is recommended for adolescents to meet peak bone mineral accretion and attain a desirable level of calcium retention. (Korean J Nutrition 34(4) : 433~439, 2001)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1039-1048
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• 1998

It has been reported that boron may be beneficial for optimal calcium metabolism and, thus, optimal bone metabolism. Therefore, we designed a study to determine the effect of boron supplementation on Ca and bone metabolism in rats. The rats of 80-l40g body weight were given a control(0ug), 5$\mu\textrm{g}$, 10$\mu\textrm{g}$, 20$\mu\textrm{g}$, 40$\mu\textrm{g}$, or 80$\mu\textrm{g}$ boron supplement per Is diet for 4-weeks. The results are summarized as follows. There were no differences in total food intake and weight gain among the experimental groups. fecal Ca excretion, urinary Ca excretion, apparent Ca absorption, Ca retention, serum alkaline phosphatase activity, and urinary hydroxyproline were not affected by boron supplementation. There was no difference in serum creatinine. Whereas, urinary creatinine excretion was increased with increasing boron supplementation, and conse-quently creatinine clearance was increased with boron supplementation. No differences were found in length, weight, density, Ca content of femur and scapular. The findings suggest that boron supplementation was not effective in Ca and bone metabolism in growing rats fed normal Ca diet. (Korean J Nutrition 31(6) : 1039-1048, 1998)

• Clinical Pain
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.111-115
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• 2020

We report a case of a healthy 38-year-old man presenting with insufficiency fracture of proximal tibia associated with unrecognized osteoporosis. Radiologic bone DEXA (Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry) assessment revealed osteoporosis, but the patient displayed no apparent risk factors for insufficiency fractures and osteoporosis except for a history of smoking. Following right proximal tibial open reduction and internal fixation, the patient commenced smoking cessation and began taking alendronate. The patient was treated for gait rehabilitation, which included quadriceps strengthening exercises and his condition improved with independent walking. This report highlights an unusual site of proximal tibial insufficiency fractures and the potential effect of smoking on low bone mineral density in a young male patient.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.430-442
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• 2009

This study was designed to investigate the relationship between the dietary intake according to calorie intake from a coffee containing beverage and the bone health status of 189 female collegians. The study was conducted through questionnaires, anthropometric checkup, 3-days food records and ultrasound measurement of calcaneus bone mineral density. Subjects were divided into three groups: students not drinking coffee(non-coffee group, N=56), students consuming <100 kcal daily from coffee(low-calorie coffee group, N=84), and students consuming $\geq100$ kcal of their total daily calories from coffee(high- calorie coffee group, N=49). There were no significant differences in weight, height, body mass index, body fat and calcaneus bone mineral density among the three groups. The low-calorie coffee group usually drank black coffee or instant coffee mix, and the high-calorie coffee group habitually drank coffee with milk or sugar syrup. There were no significant differences in the mean daily energy and food intake among the three groups. However, vitamin $B_2$(p<0.05) and calcium (p<0.01) intake in the high-calorie coffee group were higher than in the non-coffee group. Also, mean intake of sugars, fish and shellfishes, milks and beverages in the high-calorie coffee group were also significantly higher than in non coffee group(p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the Korean Dietary Diversity Score(KDDS) among the three groups. The main calcium source was milk in all three groups, and milk intake(total and included with coffee) was highest in the high-calorie coffee group. Although no significant difference was apparent between the high-calorie and non-coffee groups concerning anthropometric factors and calcaneus bone mineral density, consumption of coffee may have influenced food and nutrient intake. The results suggest that consumption of milk-supplemented coffee may be of nutritional benefit.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.253-259
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• 2016

Background: This study investigated the effects of zoledronic acid (ZA) on radiation-induced bone loss in C3H/HeN mice. Materials and Methods: C3H/HeN mice were divided into sham control and three irradiated groups (3 Gy, gamma ray). The irradiated mice were treated for 12 weeks with vehicle, amifostine (intraperitoneal injection), or ZA (subcutaneous injection). Grip strength, uterus weight, and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) levels were measured. Tibiae were analyzed using micro-computed tomography. Results and Discussion: Treatment of ZA ($100{\mu}g{\cdot}kg^{-1}{\cdot}week^{-1}$) significantly preserved trabecular bone volume, trabecular thickness, trabecular number, trabecular separation, bone mineral density of proximal tibia metaphysic, and cortical bone volume, but did not alter the uterus weight of the mice. The administration of ZA for 12 weeks lowered serum ALP and TRAP levels in irradiated mice, suggesting that ZA can reduce the bone turnover rate in mice. No differences were apparent between the amifostine-treated group and the irradiation control group. Conclusion: The results indicate that ZA can prevent radiation-induced bone loss in mice.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1921-1924
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• 2005

In this paper, three-dimensional finite element analysis have been performed to investigate the biomechanics of vertebroplasty in patient. In order to apply various properties of the spine, the functional relation between the well-known apparent density and HU(Hounsfield unit) from CT image were employed and thus real material property can be assigned to each element of FE model. The FE analysis showed similar results with the experiments. With this approach accurate analysis of the spine and the clinical application can be expected.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.185-194
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• 2006

In this paper, three dimensional finite element analyses have been performed to investigate the biomechanics of vertebroplasty in patient accurate FE models have been constructed from CT images of a PMMA injected vertebra. In order to apply various material properties of the spine(T12), the functional relation between the well known apparent density and HU(Hounsfield unit) from CT image were employed and thus real material properties can be assigned to each element of FE model. The FE analysis showed similar results with the experiments. With this approach accurate analysis of the vertebroplasty and its clinical applications can be expected.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.285-295
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was to examine the effectiveness of exercise for bone mineral density (BMD). Methods: Four investigators reviewed English articles from Pub Med and CINAHL, selecting randomized controlled trials on exercise programs for middle-aged and older women. Out of 25 studies identified, 14 that satisfied with the inclusion criteria were included in the meta-analysis. The quality of the studies was assessed using recognized methods and the effect size was calculated as a Hedges'g using Comprehensive Meta-analysis Version 2.0. Primary outcomes were changes in BMD at femoral neck, trochanter, and lumbar spine. Subgroup analysis included changes in BMD according to exercise style. Results: Weight bearing exercise was effective(Q=20.1, p>.05, ES=0.32), and resistance exercise was effective in case of comparing to pre and post intervention (Q=4.15, p=.98, ES=0.14). At the femoral neck, 9 study groups were homogeneous and the experimental groups demonstrated a positive effect on BMD (Q=19.5, p>.05, ES=0.33). In contrast, marked heterogeneity (Q=33.3, p<0.01) was apparent in 7 study groups evaluating trochanter. Conclusion: These findings suggest that weight bearing is effective for BMD of the femoral neck, and is relevant to the non-pharmacological treatment of bone loss for middle-aged and older women.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.12-25
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• 2010

본 연구는 $CaCO_3$를 표준으로 장내 칼슘 흡수를 촉진하는 peptide-Ca, anchovy-Ca, methionine hydroxyl analogue calcium의 생체이용성과 소화율을 평가하였다. 표 준군은 $CaCO_3$를 AIN-93G (1993)를 기준으로 칼슘 요구량의 0%, 30%, 60%로 첨가하여 모든 분석 항목에 대한 비교기준으로 삼았다. 실험군은 요구량의 40% 수준으로 각기 다른 칼슘 공급원으로 실험하였다. 실험결과는 대부분 칼슘 함량이 높은 Ca-60%군이 가장 높은 수치를 보여 주어 칼슘의 섭취량과 비례하여 양의 상관 관계를 보여 주었다. 생체이용성 평가에서는 MHA-Ca 군이 체중 증가량, BMD, BS, BBS 항목에서 높은 이용성을 보여 주었다. peptide-Ca은 회귀계수가 높은 회분함량 ($R^2\;=\;0.98$)과 BMC ($R^2\;=\;0.935$)를 이용한 평가 에서 표준군에 비해 11%, 7% 높은 이용성을 보여주었다. Anchovy-Ca군 역시 여러 생체이용성 평가항목에서 높은 이용성을 나타냈다. 이는 동일한 양의 칼슘을 섭취했을 때 실험군이 표준으로 사용된 $CaCO_3$ 보다 높은 칼슘 이용성을 가지고 있음을 의미한다. 하지만 본 연구로는 유기태 칼슘이 어떤생리 활성 작용을 통해 이러한 결과를 나타냈는지는 알 수 없었으며, 이 부분을 분명하게 규명하는 추가적인 연구가 필요한 것으로 판단된다. 소화율 측정항목에서는 Ca-0%군을 제외하고는 90% 이상 높은 칼슘 소화율을 나타냈다. 소화율과 보유율에서 peptide-Ca군이 유의한 차이는 없었지만 다른 실험군에 비해 미세하게 높았다. 이러한 차이의 축적으로 인해 생체이용성 평가시 실험군간 차이를 보여 주었다. 결국 공급한 칼슘에 대한 소화 및 흡수의 차이에 의해 뼈 건강관련 지표가 좋아지고 이로 인해 실험군의 생체 이용성이 높게 평가 되었다. Peptide-Ca와 순수한 식품 칼슘 급원인 멸치 뼈는 높은 칼슘 이용성을 나타내어, 체내칼슘 영양개선에 상당한 효과가 있슴이 증명되었다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2015

성장기 동물에서 방사선 노출은 뼈의 변화를 일으킨다. 본 연구에서는 성장기 동물에서 방사선 유도 골소실 연구를 위한 동물모델을 확립하고자하였다. 성장기(4주령) 마우스에 방사선 노출(2 Gy) 후 시간경과(4, 8 및 12주)에 따른 경골 해면뼈 및 치밀뼈의 변화를 관찰하고, 방사선 비노출군과의 차이가 확연한 방사선 노출 후 8주에 방사선(0.5, 1.0, 2.0 및 4.0 Gy)을 조사하고 조사선량에 따른 변화를 관찰하였다. 동물의 희생 전 악력을 측정하였으며, 경골의 해면뼈 및 치밀뼈를 미세단층촬영 분석하였고, 해면뼈에서 뼈파괴세포의 활성도를 관찰하였다. 혈청내 alkaline phosphatase(ALP) 농도 및 경골의 물리적 강도를 측정하였다. 해면뼈의 확연한 차이는 8주에 관찰되었으며, 조사선량증가에 비례하여 해면뼈량(trabecular bone volume, BV/TV) 및 골밀도(bone mineral density, BMD)의 감소가 관찰되었다. 방사선조사선량에 따른 변화를 나타내는 이차방정식은 BV/TV (%) = $0.9584D^2-6.0168D+20.377$ ($r^2$ = 0.946, D = 방사선조사선량, Gy), $BMD(mg{\cdot}cm^{-3})=8.8115D^2-56.197D+194.41$ ($r^2$ = 0.999, D = 방사선조사선량, Gy) 였다. 뼈의 물리적 강도, 길이 및 무게의 변화는 없었으며, 혈청ALP 농도 및 뼈파괴세포 활성도도 차이가 없었다. 본 연구의 결과는 성장기 동물에서 방사선에 의한 뼈손상 연구에 동물모델 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것이다.