• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.507-513
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• 1997

This study was carried out to examine whether kimchi has hypolipidemic effect and to know how it exert lipid-lowering effect in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with kimchi-fee diet, or 3%, or 5%, or 10% kimchi diets for 6 weeks. Plasma cholesterol level was lowered in rats fed all concentrations of kimchi diets, and plasma triglyceride(TG) level was lowered in 10% kimchi diet group compared with that of control significantly(p<0.05). Th intake of kimchi lowered VLDL-cholesterol and VLDL-TG levels, whereas increased HDL-cholesterol level significantly(p<0.05). LDL-cholesterol level was lowered only in 5% kimchi diet group and LDL-TG level was lowered in all kimchi diet groups compared with those of control significantly (p<0.05). the intake of 5% and 10% kimchi diets also lowered the levels of hepatic cholesterol, TG, total lipid, and apolipoprotein B, whereas increased the levels of fecal total fat, cholesterol, TG, and apolipoprotein A-1 significantly(p<0.05). Triiodothyronine(T$_3$) level was elevated in rats fed kimchi diet, whereas thyroxine(T$_4$) level was not affected by kimchi treatment. These observations support that the intake of kimchin in rats loweres plasma and hepatic lipid levels by increasing the excretion of TG and cholesterol through feces, by the elevation of T$_3$ level, and by the altered lipoprotein metabolism.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.88-97
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• 2008

Lipoproteins are complexes of lipids and specific apolipoproteins that are involved in lipid transport and redistribution among various tissues. In this study, we isolated full-length apolipoprotein cDNA sequences encoding apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), apoE, apoC-II, and apo-14 kDa in barred knifejaw, Oplegnathus fasciatus. In addition, we reconstructed phylogenetic trees and investigated mRNA tissue distributions. Alignment analyses of amino acid sequences revealed that secondary structures of the polypeptides apoA-I, apoE, and apoC-II in barred knifejaw are well conserved with their teleostean and mammalian counterparts in terms of characteristic tandem repetitive units forming amphipathic ${\alpha}$-helices. Both the sequence alignment data and cleavage sites of apo-14 kDa indicated a clear differentiation between Percomorpha and Cypriniformes. Meanwhile, the phylogenetic trees of apolipoprotein sub-families suggested that the common ancestor prior to the split of the Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) and Sarcopterygii (tetrapods) would have possessed the primordial protein-encoding genes. Tissue distribution of each apolipoprotein transcript determined by semi-quantitative RTPCR showed that barred knifejaw apoA-I transcripts were more or less ubiquitously expressed in the liver, intestines, brain, muscle, spleen, and kidney. The most striking difference from previous observations on barred knifejaw was the ubiquitous expression of apoE across all somatic tissues. Barred knifejaw apoC-II showed tissue-specific expression in the liver and intestines, while the liver and brain were the major sites of apo-14kDa mRNA synthesis.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.9
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• pp.3425-3428
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• 2011

Apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A-I) is a major component for high density lipoproteins (HDL). A number of mimetic peptides of Apo A-I were screened from the phase-displayed random peptide library by utilizing monoclonal antibodies (A12). Mimetic peptide for A12 epitope against Apo A-I was selected as CPFARLPVEHHDVVGL (pA1). From the BLAST search, the mimetic peptide pA1 had 40% homology with Apo A-I. As a result of the structural determination of this mimotope using homo/hetero nuclear 2D-NMR techniques and NMR-based distance geometry (DG)/molecular dynamic (MD) computations, DG structure had low penalty value of 0.3-0.7 ${\AA}^2$ and the total RMSD was 0.6-1.6 ${\AA}$. The mimotope pA1 exhibited characteristic conformation including a ${\beta}$-turn from Pro[7] to His[11].

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.308-311
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• 2006

In an attempt to increase production of LK8, an 86-amino-acid kringle fragment of human apolipoprotein(a) with three disulfide linkages, protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) was coexpressed in recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae harboring the LK8 gene in the chromosome. Whereas overexpression of the LK8 gene without coexpressing PDI was detrimental to both host cell growth and LK8 production, coexpression of PDI increased the LK8 production level by 2.5-fold in batch cultivation and 5.0-fold in fed-batch cultivation compared with the control strain carrying only the genomic PDI gene.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.69-73
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• 2003

Serum lipid and lipoprotein levels are influenced by genetic factors, and exorcise increases the concentrations of cardio-protective parameters such as high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) and apolipoproteinAI (apoAI) in human serum. In the present study, we tested the effect of adaptation to endurance exercise on the association of a genetic polymorphism (Pst 1 RFLP) in the apoAI gene with these biochemical parameters. The genotype and allele frequencies for the Pst 1 RFLP were not significantly different between the elite athletes and sedentary controls (P>0.05). There were also no significant associations between the Pst 1 RFLP of the apoAI gene and the biochemical parameters in elite athletic group. Thus, our results suggest that the Pst 1 RFLP of the apoAI gene was not significantly associated with the serum apoAI and HDL-cholesterol concentrations as well as athletic performance in Koreans.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.65-72
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• 2007

Full length complementary DNA encoding apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) was isolated and characterized in mud loach (Misgurnus mizolepis). Mud loach apoA-I cDNA encoding 24 bp of 5'-untranslated region (UTR), 762 bp of single open reading frame (ORF) consists of 254 amino acids and 293 bp of 3'-UTR excluding stop codon and poly (A+) tail. Two overlapping polyadenylation signals (AATAAAATAAA) was found 9 bp prior to the poly (A+) tail. Mud loach apoA-I represented considerable homology to those from other teleost species at amino acid level with conserving common features of vertebrate apoA-I. Molecular phylogenetic analysis inferred the phylogenetic hypothesis that was generally in accordance with the previous taxonomic relationship. Apolipoprotein A-I mRNA was detected in various tissues, but the mRNA levels were quite varied depending on tissues based on semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Liver and brain showed the significantly higher levels of apoA-I transcripts than other tissues. mRNA expression of apoA-I was quite low in very early stage of embryonic development, however dramatically enhanced from 8 hours post fertilization. This increased mRNA level was retained consistently up to 14 days post hatching.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.196-196
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• 2005

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.57 no.5
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• pp.217-221
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine whether school-aged children with Kawasaki disease (KD) have an increased risk for early atherosclerosis. Methods: The study included 98 children. The children were divided into the following groups: group A (n=19), KD with coronary arterial lesions that persisted or regressed; group B (n=49), KD without coronary arterial lesions; and group C (n=30), healthy children. Anthropometric variables and the levels of biochemical markers, including total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A, apolipoprotein B, homocysteine, highsensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and brachial artery stiffness using pulse wave velocity were compared among the three groups. Results: There were no significant differences in blood pressure and body index among the three groups. Additionally, there was no sex-specific difference. Moreover, the levels of triglyceride, HDL-C, apolipoprotein A, and hs-CRP did not differ among the three groups. However, the levels of total cholesterol (P =0.018), LDL-C (P =0.0003), and apolipoprotein B (P =0.029) were significantly higher in group A than in group C. Further, the level of homocysteine and the aortic pulse wave velocity were significantly higher in groups A and B than in group C (P=0.0001). Conclusion: School-aged children after KD have high lipid profiles and arterial stiffness indicating an increased risk for early atherosclerosis.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.347-353
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• 2011

The definite mechanism in the control of triglyceride metabolism is not well understood. Nowadays, it has been known that the polymorphism of apolipoprotein C-III $Sst$ I was an important candidate for contributing to the control of triglyceride metabolism. In 298 Korean women aged 30 years or more, the genotypes of apolipoprotein C-III $Sst$ I were statistically compared with total blood cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, fasting blood sugar and hemoglobin A1c. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to compare the odd-ratios of hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus with them. The differences among the polymorphic types ($S_1S_1$, $S_1S_2$, and $S_2S_2$) were not statistically significant in the distribution of triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, fasting blood sugar, and hemoglobin A1c. There were not statistically significant in the odds ratios of the hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus, neither. Those were not statistically significant. This study did not show that there was any association between the polymorphism of apolipoprotein C-III $Sst$ I and various laboratory values-total blood cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, fasting blood sugar and hemoglobin A1c.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.402-413
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate Apolipoprotein E phenotypes and the relationship among lipid levels, nutrient intakes, lifestyles and risk factors between subjects with and without hyperlipidemic risk. The data were collected from 675 industrial male workers who had completed annual medical examination. Compared to the normal group, the hyperlipidemic risk group in Apo E3 and E4 had significantly higher BMI (p < 0.05) and showed significantly higher body fat (%), waist circumference and WHR in all types of Apo E (p < 0.05). In addition, the hyperlipidemic risk group had significantly higher total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and AI than the normal group in all types of Apo E (p < 0.05). Intakes of protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C and niacin in Apo E3 were significantly lower in the hyperlipidemic risk group than in the normal group (p < 0.05). In the logistic regression analysis, after adjustment for other factors, Apo E2 + E4, waist and WHR were the significant risk factors associated with hyperlipidemia, but protein intakes were associated with significantly lower risks of hyperlipidemia (p < 0.05). In conclusion, genetic factor (Apo E2 or Apo E4), anthropometric index and nutrient intake seem to influence hyperlidemic risk. Further studies and efforts will be needed to evaluate the independent relationships among hyperlipidemic risk factors.