• 약학회지
• /
• 제51권4호
• /
• pp.285-290
• /
• 2007

The oxidative stress causes many diseases like cancer, aging, cardiovascular disease, degenerative neurological disorders (Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer's disease) by damage of cell membrane, protein deformation, and damage of DNA due to the oxidation of lipid of cell membrane, protein of tissue or enzyme, carbohydrate, and DNA. It is caused by the reactive oxygen species (ROS) that is produced in the metabolic process of oxygen in cell. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in cell systemize the antioxidative enzymes to control the oxidative stress. In this research, it is measured that the survival rate of cell by the typical isoflavonoid of daidzein or genistein, activity of antioxidative enzyme, and ROS level, in order to study the effect of isoflavonoid over the ROS production in cell and antioxidative system. As the similar action of the isoflavonoid with the estrogen is examined, women are encouraged to get bean. In view of this trend, it is very important to find out a combination medicine that lowers the oxidative stress caused by the daidzein in the ovarian cell. In the combined treatment of the typical antioxidant of vitamin C to oxidative stress which induced by daidzein recover the control level particularly lowering the ROS in cell by 30%. However, it made no effect in the combined treatment with genistein. Therefore, the research took the combination effect of daidzein with vitamin C in order to check it effect over the antioxidative system. In conclusion, it was disclosed that the oxidative stress caused by daidzein is related to the lowering activity of SOD, and the specific combination effect of daidzein with vitamin C is related to the recovery of SOD activity.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제41권7호
• /
• pp.583-593
• /
• 2008

This study was designed to examine the effects of Salicornia herbacea L. (glasswort: GW) on hepatic antioxidative enzyme activities in diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-220g by an injection of streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in a citrate buffer into the tail vein at a dose of 45 mg/kg of body weight. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an AIN-93 recommended diet and the experimental groups were fed a modified diet containing 10% and 20% of glasswort powder for 4 weeks. The experimental groups were divided into 6 groups which consisted of normal (N)-control group, N-GW 10% and N-GW 20% treated groups, STZ-control, STZ-GW 10% and STZ-GW 20% treated groups. The activities of Xanthine oxidase (XOD), glutathione- S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and CAT (CAT) were measured in the homogenates of liver. The activity of CAT was lower in the supplementary group with glasswort compare to the STZcontrol group but it was not significantly different. The activity of SOD was not significant in all of experimental groups. The activity of GR was significantly increased in the normal supplementary group with glasswort, and GPX activity was significantly increased in STZ-GW 10% group compare to the STZ-control group. The activity of XOD was significantly decreased in the all of supplementary groups with glasswort. The activity of GST was significantly increased in the N-GW 20% group and it was significantly decreased in the STZ-GW 20% group. These results show that the supplementation of glasswort may have favorable influence on antioxidative status in diabetic rats and it may be useful for the diabetic complications as functional food.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.176-187
• /
• 2000

Objectives : This study was purposed to investigate the antioxidative effects of Paeoniae radix aqua-acupuncture solution(PR) on culture liver cell system, lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzyme activities in tert-butyl hydroperoxide(t-BHP) treatmented conditions. Methods : Cultured normal rat liver cell(Ac2F) were prepared and incubated with or without PR(at 2% volume in culture medium). After 16~18hr, cells placed in DMEM medium without serum, and then incubated with 1mM t-BHP for 2hr. Viable cells were detected by MTT assay, and the levels of lipid peroxide(LPO) were measured by TBA method. And catalase activity was measured as the decrease in hydrogen peroxide absorbance at 240nm on spectrophotometer using 30mM hydrogen peroxide. Superoxide dismutase(SOD) were assayed by recording the inhibition of nitro blue tetrazolium reduction with xanthine and xanthine oxidase. Glutathione peroxidase(GPX) activity was determined by the modified coupled assay developed by Paglia and Lawrence. The reaction was started by addition of 2.2mM hydrogen peroxide as substrate. The change in absorbance at 340nm was measured for 1min on spectrophotometer. Glutathione-S-transferase(GST) activity was assayed with CDNB as substrate and enzyme activity of GST towards the glutathione conjugation of CDNB. Results : Cell killing was significantly enhanced by addition of t-BHP compared to those of untreated group. PR pretreated cell resisted the toxic effects of t-BHP. LPO levels of t-BHP treatment group were significantly higher than other groups. This increased level was significandy reduced by PR pretreatment. The t-BHP treatment resulted in a decrease of catalase, GPX and GST activities. By contrast, PR pretreatment markedly increased compare to those of untreated groups. Conclusions : T-BHP which can produce intracellular free radical was used for inducer of the peroxidation of cellular lipids. PR protected the cell death induced by t-BHP and significantly increased cell viabiliry in the normal rat liver cell, and showed effective inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and elevations of catalase, GPX and GST activities. These results suggested that PR might play a protective role in lipid peroxidation by free radicals.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.173-178
• /
• 1996

Aerobic cells are normally protected from the damage of free radicals by antioxidative on , zymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione (GSH) peroxidase, GSH S- transferase and GSH reductase which scavenge free radicals as well as nonenzymatic antioxidants such as ceruloplasmin, albumin and nonprotein-SH including GSH. The effects of each component (ginsenoside $Rb_1$, $Rb_2$, Rc, Rd, Re, $Rb_1$, Rf, $Rh_1$ and $Rh_2$) of red ginseng on the antioxidative enzyme activities were investigated in the liver in order to screen antioxidative components of red ginseng. Ginsenoside $Rb_1$ and Rc showed a tendency to increase GSH peroxidase activity, while ginsenoside Rc significantly decreased Cu,Zn-SOD activity. Especially, ginsenoside $Rh_2$ significantly increased catalase activity. These results suggest that ginsenoside $Rh_2$ is an important active component among total saponins of red ginseng.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.252-256
• /
• 1999

한우육의 사태(M. Semitendinosus)를 대상으로 감마선 조사선량(0, 1, 3, 5, 10 kGy)에 따른 지질성분과 항산화 효소 활성도 및 ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ 함량의 변화를 측정하였다. 총 콜레스테롤, LDL-콜레스테롤, HDL-콜레스테롤 및 중성지질 함량에서는 비조사군과 조사군간에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 항산화 효소의 활성에서 GST, catalase, SOD 역시 비조사군과 조사군간에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 한편, 등심부위의 ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ 함량은 감마선 조사선량이 증가함에 따라 유의적으로 감소되었다(P<0.05).

• ALGAE
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.59-68
• /
• 2004

Hizikia fusiformis hydroysates by five carbohydrases (Viscozyme, Celluclast, Termamyl and Ultraflo) and five proteases (Protamex, Kojizyme, Neutrase, Flavourzyme and Alcalase) were investigated for their extraction efficacy (yield and total total polyphenolic content) and antioxidative activity (DPPH radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity). Termamyl and Ultraflo of the carbohydrases and Flavourzyme and Alcalase of proteases were selected by their high eficacy of extraction and antioxidative activity. Selected enzymes were used to investigate the optimum enzymatic reaction time and dosage (enzyme/substrate ratio) suitable for hydorolysis. Optimum reaction time for the enzymatic hydrolysis was 3 days and optimum dosage of hydrolysis was observed as 5%. Simultaneously, Ultraflo of the two carbohydrases and Alcalse of the two proteases were selected as the most effective enzymes. Combination of Ultraflo and Alcalase under optimum hydrolysis conditions could intensify the extraction efficacy of antioxidative materials form H. fusiformis. The hydrolysate obtained by combining the enzymes was separated into four different molecular weight fractions (<1kD, 1-10 kD, 10-30 kD and >30 kD) and recorded the polyphenolic content distribution and respective antioxidative ability. The fraction <1kD was identified as less effective and those fractions > 1kD indicated comparatively higher antioxidative activities related to their polyphenolic content.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제24권5호
• /
• pp.651-657
• /
• 1995

모유성분을 고분자분획(20KD 이상 분자)과 저분자분획(20KD 이하 분자)으로 나누어 항산화력을 검토한 결과, 고분자분획이 저분자분획 보다 더 강력한 항산화력을 나타내었다. 이 모유의 항산화력은 주로 20KD 이상에 존재하는 항산화 효소에 기인할 가능성이 시사되어 모유의 채유 기간에 따른 항산화 효소를 비롯하여 protein-SH와 nonprotein-SH를 검토한 결과, catatase는 7일째 현저히 저하한데 비해 GSH peroxidase, GSH S-transferase는 7일째를 전후로 현저히 증가한 후 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. Protein-SH는 채유 기간에 따라 차츰 감소하였으나 nonprotein-SH는 20일째 peak를 이루고 그 후 감소하였다. 이상의 결과로 부터 모유의 고분자분획은 강력한 항산화력을 나타내었으며, 이 항산화력은 catalase, GSH peroxidase 및 GSH S-transferase 등의 항산화 효소 활성에 기인할 것으로 사료된다.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제15권6호
• /
• pp.635-643
• /
• 2000

To compare the antioxidative activities of fish skin and bovine skin gelatin hydrolysate, gelatin hydrolysates from Alaska pollack and bovine skin were prepared by various enzymatic hydrolysis methods (1st step, Alcalase; 2nd step, pronase E; 3rd step, collagenase) using a continuous three-step membrane reactor. The molecular weight distributions of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd step hydrolysates were 7∼10 kDa, 2∼5 kDa and 0.7∼0.9 kDa, respectively. The antioxidative activity of fish skin gelatin hydrolysate was stronger than that of bovine skin gelatin hydrolysate, and in particular, both of 2nd step hydrolysates showed more antioxidative activity than hydrolysates of any other step. The optimum antioxidative activity concentration of the 2nd step hydeolysates of fish and boving skin were 1% (w/w) in a linoleic acid water-alcohol emulsion. In cultured cells exposed to t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP), the 2nd step hydrolysate of fish skin gelatin delayed cell death most. These results suggest that the antioxidative activity of fish skin gelatin hydrolysate is higher than that of bovine skin gelatin hydrolysate because of their different amino acid contents.

• 한국자원식물학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.12-18
• /
• 2008

제주도에 자생하는 양치식물 25종을 대상으로 항산화활성, ACE 저해활성, APN 저해활성 및 $\alpha$-amylase 저해활성을 검색하였다. 항산화활성은 쇠고비와 일색고사리에서 비교적 높아서 항산화 음료로 애용되고 있는 차나무 잎보다도 더 높았다. ACE 저해활성과 APN 저해활성은 전체적으로 낮았으나, 쇠고비에서 각각 26.7%와 28.2%으로 비교적 높은 저해활성을 나타내었다. $\alpha$-Amylase 저해활성은 10종이 50% 이상의 높은 활성으로 보였으며, 그 중에서 쇠고비와 홍지네고사리의 저해활성이 특히 높았다. 이상의 결과로부터 쇠고비는 항산화활성뿐만 아니라 ACE 저해활성, APN 저해활성과 $\alpha$-amylase 저해활성 모두 다른 식물에 비해 높아 생리활성 물질의 분리 및 동정 등 식품소재 및 식물생약으로 이용하기 위한 후속 연구가 기대된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.721-725
• /
• 2001

성장 시기에 따른 돌산 갓의 부위별 즙액 첨가에 의한 생리기능성을 연구하였다. 생리기증성을 평가하기 위하여 돌산갓을 분쇄하여 여과하고 원심 분리하여 얻은 상등액을 여과하여 시료로 사용하였다. 세포독성 평가를 위한 돌산 갓 즙액의 농도는 1%, 3%, 6% 로 조제하여 간암세포에 첨가하였다. 세포독성은 갓 즙액 6% 첨가 시에 성장기간이 20일인갓의 개량종 뿌리에서 78.2%로 가장 높게 나타났다. DPPH 방법에 의한 항산화 활성 평가에서는 20일 자란 재래종 잎이 80.4%로서 가장 높게 나타났다. ACE 저해 활성으로는 60일 자란갓에서는 개량종 잎이 94.0%로서 가장 ACE 저해율이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 돌산 갓의 부위별 첨가에 의한 생리기능성 평가에서 재래종과 개량종 사이에 큰차이를 발견할 수는 없었으나 부위별로 항암성은 뿌리에서 항산화성과 ACE 저해율은 잎에서 비교적 활성이 높게 나타났다.