• 한국연초학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.168-195
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• 1992

Pulmonary system is a target organ and primary defense mechanism against environmental oxidants and polutants. Enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxdant defense mechanisms undoubtedly protect the lung from oxidants even endogenous oxidative stress. In addition, new ways of augmenting pulmonary antioxidant defenses are developed, which can be used to support the intrinsic antioxidants. Therefore, improved understanding of antioxidant defense mechanisms will increase our knowledge of the cause and will suggest rational approaches for treating and preventing oxidant-induced lung injury. In this review, we discuss the formation and scavenging of free radicals, and the strategies for antioxidant defense of pulmonary system.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.132-135
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• 1990

Polyhydroxystilbenes including resveratrol were reported to competitively inhibit monoamine oxidase-A-without structural relation with substrates and cynthetic inhibitors for the enzyme. We attempt to explore a plausible mechanism for their inhibitory activity on MAO-A. All the polyhydroxystilbenes tested showed the antioxidant activity on liver homogenate. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity turned out to closely correlate with the MAO-A inhibitory activity.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 1995

The antioxidant effects of aqueous green tea extracts with $\alpha$-tocopherol and lecithin dissolved in lard were investigated on the lipid metabolism in serum and liver of Sprague-Dawley male rats. Elderly male rats were fed for 8 weeks by different experimental diets containing 10% lard(w/w), 0.5% aqueous green tea extracts, 0.05% $\alpha$-tocopherol and 1.0% lecithin. By the addition of the mixture of the antioxidants, the level of total cholesterol. HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride in serum and liver were not changed. The activities of glutathione peroxidase were significantly increased in the case of addition of the antioxdant mixtures but the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase were not affected.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.161-164
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• 2007

Oxidative stress is prerequisite for the development of atherosclerosis. Apart from the traditional risk factors that contribute to this devastating condition, in the past few decades, much attention has been focused on plasma total homocysteine mainly because of its strong association with coronary artery disease. It has been suggested that homocysteine induces oxidative stress and hence the present work was undertaken to assess the total homocysteine status and plasma total antioxidant capacity in the acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients among Tamil population. The study subjects included only the Tamil population. Blood samples were collected from 100 AMI patients and 100 controls. Plasma was separated and the total antioxidant status was assessed as a measure of ferric reducing power of antioxidants using spectrophotometric method. Plasma total homocysteine concentrations were assessed by automated chemiluminescence method. While Total antioxidant status was significantly decreased, the plasma homocysteine concentrations were elevated in AMI patients compared to the controls. However, there was no correlation between the homocysteine levels and total antioxidant status. The findings of this study may have therapeutic implications, including food sources rich in antioxidants for all AMI patients to minimize the effect of free radicals formed during oxidative stress among Tamil population.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.212-218
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• 1986

In order to isolate antioxigenic substrates, the browning reaction products of xylose and various amino acids were analysed by TLC and dialysis. Rf values of browning reaction products of xylose and hydrophobic amino acids separated on silica gel TLC plate were shown in the range of 0.38 to 0.56 and that of basic amino acids was around 0.2. Browning reaction products made from xylose and Trp were separated on TLC into four bands with Rf values of 0.25, 0.55, 0.81 and 0.91 respectively. Among these the bands with Rf values of 0.25 and 0.55 appeared having strong antioxidant activity. The band of Rf 0.55 which showed the highest activity was positive to Prochazka reagent and had an absorption maximum at 275 nm. In dialysis of the xylose-Trp browning reaction products, the undialysed fraction (inner solution) was repsponsible to the antioxidant activity, which was separated into two bands with Rf values of 0.25 and 0.55 on TLC. The inner fractions of the browning products of xylose and His or Arg were also apparent in antioxdant activity.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.21-25
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• 2009

The results on the useful functional compounds of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) leaves cultivated in reclaimed lands and the biological activity effects of extracts were as follows. On 98 days after sowing (DAS) Tainung-2 showed the highest total chlorophyll content (1.68 mg/g), and on 141 DAS Dowling showed higher chlorophyll content (1.50 mg/g) than the other two did. In all cultivars the total chlorophyll content was higher on 141 DAS than on 98 DAS. Total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents were the highest in Tainung-2 (30.50 mg/g and 57.03 mg/g, respectively), and total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents (30.50 mg/g and 57.03 mg/g, respectively) were the highest in 30% ethanol extraction. Ascorbic acid contents were higher on 141 DAS than on 98 DAS in three cultivars. SOD activities of kenaf leaf extract were generally over 90%. DPPH radical scavenging activity of Tainung-2 was higher than others.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.909-913
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• 2006

The antioxidative activity was observed in the ethyl acetate extract $(IC_{50},\;119{\pm}0.16\;{\mu}g/mL)$ from Pueraria thunbergiana. The DPPH radical scavenging effect of this extract was comparable with that of synthetic antioxdant, BHA $(IC_{50},\;88.39{\pm}1.1\;{\mu}g/mL){\times}\;10^{-3}\;{\mu}M$. Pueraria thunbergiana extracts against microorganisms were evaluated in terms of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). In general, C. albicans was stronger antimicrobial activity than the other microorganisms. in vitro the antitoxic activity of extracts of Pueraria thunbergiana on NIH 373 fibroblasts was evaluated by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide) method. Generally, detoxification effect by the extracts of Pueraria thunbergiana increased in proportion to the concentrations. When $10\;{\mu}g/mL$ of the hexane extract of Pueraria thunbergiana was treated it showed the highest antitoxic effects (p<0.01). These results suggest that the crude extract of P. thunbergiana has a potential therapeutic activity.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 1975

여러 반응과정(反應過程)에 있는 Maillard 형(形) 갈색화(褐色化) 반응물(反應物) caramelization 형(形) 갈색화(褐色化) 반응물(反應物)에서 얻어진 ethyl alcohol 추출물(抽出物)들의 항산화효과(抗酸化效果)를 측정(測定)하여 서로 비교(比較)하고저 하였다. 실험결과(實驗結果)는 아래와 같다. Maillard 형(形) 갈색화(褐色化) 반응물(反應物)의 색깔의 강도(强度)는 반응시간(反應時間)에 거의 비례(比例)하였다. 그러나 반응(反應) 추출물(抽出物)의 항산화작용(抗酸化作用)은 반응시간(反應時間)에 비례(比例)하지 않은 듯 하였다. 즉 16시간(時間)동안 가열(加熱)되었던 반응(反應) 추출물(抽出物)의 항산화작용(抗酸化作用)은 2시간(時間) 가열(加熱)하여 얻어진 반응추출물(反應抽出物)의 항산화작용(抗酸化作用)보다 그다지 크지 않았다. Caramelization 형(形) 갈색화(褐色化) 추출물(抽出物)의 색깔의 강도(强度)는 반응시간(反應時間)에 거의 비례(比例)하는 듯 하였으나 그 반응추출물(反應抽出物)의 항산화효과(抗酸化效果)는 반응시간(反應時間)에 비례(比例)하지 않는 듯 하였다. 그 항산화효과(抗酸化效果)는 Maillard 반응(反應)에서와 마찬가지로 반응(反應) 초기단계(初期段階)에서 생성(生成)되는 reductone류(類)와 같은 중간생성물질(中間生成物質)들과 밀접(密接)한 관계(關係)가 있는 듯 하다. 같은 갈색화반응(褐色化反應) 시간(時間)에 따른 항산화효과(抗酸化效果)의 비교(比較)에서 Maillard 형(形) 갈색화(褐色化) 반응액(反應液)의 알콜추출물(抽出物)이 caramelization 형(形) 갈색화(褐色化) 반응액(反應液)의 알콜 추출물(抽出物)보다 더 큰 항산화효과(抗酸化效果)를 가지고 있다는 사실을 알 수 있었다. 즉, 반응(反應) 4시간(時間)후와 120시간(時間)후에 채취(採取)한 caramelization 형(形) 갈색화(褐色化) 추출물(抽出物)의 알콜추출물(抽出物)을 함유(含有)하고 있는 기질(基質)의 20일간(日間) 저장(貯藏)후의 과산화물가(過酸化物價)는 각각 88. 9와 33. 0이었으며(control 은 135), 한편 반응(反應) 1시간(時間)후와 16시간(時間)후에 채취(採取)한 Maillard 형(形) 갈색화(褐色化) 반응액(反應液)의 알콜추출물(抽出物)을 함유(含有)하고 있는 기질(基質)의 20일(日) 저장(貯藏)후의 과산화물가(過酸化物價)는 9. 5와 7. 5였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.729-736
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• 2012

산삼 배양근 기능성 식품 및 화장품 소재로서의 이용 가능성을 조사하기 위해 산삼 배양근 70% 에탄올 추출물의 영양성분 및 항산화 활성(총 페놀 함량, 총 플라보노이드 함량, 전자공여능, 아질산염소거능, 환원력) 등을 측정하였다. 식품영양학적 접근에서의 산삼 배양근의 일반성분은 건량 기준으로 당질 61.72%, 조단백질 17.36%, 조지방 0.23% 및 조회분10.90%이었고, 산삼 배양근 100 g의 함유 열량은 323.97 kcal로 분석되었다. 또한, 총 18종의 아미노산으로 구성되었으며, 함량은 16.15 g이었고, 무기질 중 칼륨의 함유량이 가장 높았으며, 그 다음이 인, 칼슘, 마그네슘 순으로 나타나 알칼리성 재료임을 알 수 있었으며, 지방산 함량의 경우 총 포화 지방산 0.26 g, 불포화지방산 0.62 g으로 구성되어 있었다. 조 사포닌의 함량은 25.87 mg/g으로 분석되었다. 총 페놀 함량은 11.2 mg/g, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 4.2 mg/g으로 나타났으며, 전자공여능은 24.7~31.6%의 범위로 활성을 나타내었다. 아질산염소거능은 모든 pH 조건하에서 pH가 증가할수록 감소하였다. 환원력의 경우에는 $1,000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$에서 0.06의 값으로 가장 높은 활성을 보였다. 이상의 결과로부터 산삼 배양근 70% 에탄올 추출물은 항산화능이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2009

오미자의 전통식품소재로의 활용성을 높이기 위해 물과 에탄올, 그리고 추출온도와 시간을 달리하여 추출하여 얻은 추출물로부터 항산화능과 혈당 강하능을 살펴보았다. 총 페놀함량은 추출온도에 따른 차이를 크게 나타내었다. 60$^{\circ}C$에서 추출하였을 때 실온에서 추출한 것보다 51${\sim}$68% 더 높은 함량을 나타내었고, 또한 물 추출보다는 60% 에탄올로 추출하였을 때 더 높은 페놀을 함유한 것으로 나타났다. DPPH 유리 라디칼 소거능을 비롯한 $ABTS^+$ 라디칼, Nitrite 소거능 또한 60$^{\circ}C$에서 60% 에탄올로 추출하였을 때 유의적으로 가장 높았으며, 환원력도 60% 에탄올 추출물이 가장 높은 환원력을 나타내었다. 오미자 추출물의 인슐린 비의존형인 제2형 당뇨환자들의 식후 혈당을 저하시키는 효능을 검토하기 위해 ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 의 활성 저해력을 살펴본 결과, 5가지 추출 조건중 60$^{\circ}C$에서 60% 에탄올로 추출한 추출물이 유의적으로 가장 높은 저해력을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 오미자로부터 유용성분 용출 및 기능성 증대를 위해 60$^{\circ}C$에서 60% 에탄올로 추출하는 것이 바람직하다고 생각된다.