• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.835-841
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• 1998

고추냉이를 이용하여 식품의 천연보존료로 개발하기 위한 기초자료를 제공할 목적으로 우리 나라에서 재배한 고추냉이와 일본의 고추냉이의 뿌리에서 증류수로 추출한 성분의 항균활성과 항변이원성 활성에 대하여 실험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 고추냉이 뿌리의 항균활성은 증류수 추출물이 에탄을 추출물보다 더 강하였으며 세균보다는 곰팡이에게 더 강한 항균활성을 나타내었다. 세균의 경우 그램양성균보다는 그램음성균에게 항균활성이 강하였다. 한편 일본산과 한국산 고추냉이 뿌리의 항균활성에는 유의할 만한 차이는 없었다. 4종류의 세균 중 V. parahaemolyticus에 대한 MIC가 6,000ppm으로 가장 낮았으며, E. coli와 Staphy. aureus 및 B. subtilis의 MIC는 12,000ppm으로 같았다. MBC 역시 V. parahaemolyticus가 12,000ppm으로 가장 낮았다. 고추냉이 뿌리 추출물의 항변이원활성은 첨가량에 비례하여 증가하였으며 MeIQx보다 Trp-P-1에 대하여 항변이활성이 강한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.480-486
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• 1998

Melanoidins의 짙은 갈색도, 고분자, 제한된 용해도 등을 고려하여 ozonolysis에 의한 탈색 및 저분자화가 분획별 melanoidins의 갈색도, 항산화성 및 항돌연변이원성 특성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. Melanoidins의 ozone 처리는 저분자화와 탈색을 유도하였으며, 항산화성은 다소 감소한 반면 항돌연변이원성은 증가하는 경향을 보였다. Ozone 처리된 melanoidins는 Sephadex G-25 column chromatogram 상에서 ozone 처리되지 않은 melanoidins과 유사한 pattern의 3개 peak가 확인되었다. Melanoidins는 분자량 1,200이상에서 갈색도가 가장 높았으나 전자공여성은 분자량 $750{\sim}900$ 사이의 melanoidins에서 가장 강하였다. 그러나 분자량 $900{\sim}1,000$인 melanoidins을 ozone 처리 유무에 관계없이 항산화성 및 항돌연변이원성이 가장 우수하였다.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2000년도 NEW STRATEGY FOR DRUG DEVELOPMENT IN POST-GENOMIC ERA(대한약학회)
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• pp.225.2-225.2
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• 2000

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.189-193
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• 2000

Preservative and antimutagenic effects of green tea leaves added Chinese cabbage kimchi (GK1, GK2, GK3, and GK4 : 1, 2, 3 and 4 of green tea leaves (GTL) in proportion of 100 of salted Chinese cabbage were added to kimchi) were compared to those of the Chinese cabbage kimchi without GTL (control kimchi, CK). Fermentation period of GKs was further delayed than that of CK. The initial pH and acidity between GKs an CK were similar, but the time reach optimally ripened status of kimchi (pH 4.3) was different. CK took 6 days, while GK1, GK2, GK3 and GK4 took 6, 10, 12 and 14 days at 10℃, respectively. The growth of Leuconostoc sp. and Lactobacilus sp. in GKs delayed comparing to those in FCK. Among GKs, as the added amount of green tea leaves increased, the growth of lactic acid bacteria was retarded. The antimutagenic effects of juices from GKs and CK were studied against aflatoxin B₁(AFB₁) in the Ames test on Salmonella typehimurium TA100 and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in the SOS chromotest using E. coli PQ37. Juices from optimally ripened GKs (pH 4.3) showed 52∼76% inhibition rates against the indirect mutagen, aflatoxin B₁ induced mutagenicity while 49% inhibition rate by CK in the Ames test. Juices from GKs and CK showed 44∼67% and 36% inhibition rate against direct mutagen, MNNG (70 ng/assay) induce mutagenicity in the SOS chromotest. Thus GKs delayed fermentation period of kimchi and exhibited higher antimutagenic activity than CK.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.880-886
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• 1995

감잎 열수 추출물 및 감잎 탄닌의 항돌연변이 효과를 Ames test, spore rec assay 및 SOS chromotest 방법을 이용하여 검토하엿다. Salmonella typhimurium TA100에서 aflatoxin $B_{1}(AFB_{1})$, dimethyl-amino-biphenyl(DMAB)와 같은 간접 돌연변이워에 대해서 뿐만아니라 N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG), 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide(4-NQO)와 같은 직접 돌연변이원에 대해서도 강력한 항돌연변이성을 관찰할 수 있었다. Bacillus subtilis H17($rec^{+}$)와 M45($rec^{-$)를 사용한 spore rec assay에서도 감잎 탄닌은 MNNG에 대한 강한 항돌연변이 효과를 나타내었고, Escherichia coli PQ37을 사용한 SOS chromotest에서도 4-NQO의 돌연변이성이 크게 저해되었다. 또한 감잎차 부터 탄닌을 추출하여 이미 그 효과가 알려진 녹차 탄닌과 함께 항돌연변이 효과를 살펴본 결과 시료의 농도에 비례해서 녹차탄니과 비슷한 수준으로 현저한 항돌연변이 효과를 나타내었다. 이들 항돌연변이 실험계에서 감잎 탄닌이 감잎 열수 추출물에 비해 활성이 크게 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.713-719
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• 2011

The antioxidant activities of the ethanol extract of Arctium lappa were assessed by measuring the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl( DPPH) radical scavenging effect, inhibition of $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation, inhibition of malondialdehyde(MDA)-bovine serum albumin(BSA) conjugation reaction and antimutagenic capacities using the Ames test. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and inhibition of $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation of the $Arctium$ $lappa$ ethanol extract significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. In the radical scavenging assay using DPPH, the $IC_{50}$ of the Arctium lappa extract was 296 ${\mu}g$/assay(1.29 mg of dry sample). In addition, the $IC_{50}$ in the inhibition of $Fe^{2+}$-induced lipid peroxidation was 1,759 ${\mu}g$/assay(7.65 mg of dry sample). This extract also significantly inhibited the MDA-BSA conjugation reaction with an $IC_{50}$ of 57.58 mg/assay(250 mg of dry sample). However, no inhibitory effects against the direct and indirect mutagenicities in $Salmonella$ Typhimurium TA98 and TA100 were observed. Based on these results, the ethanol extract of $Arctium$ $lappa$ was shown to display considerable antioxidative activities.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.849-854
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• 2009

Water extracts of injinssuk (Artemisia iwayomogi Kitamura) (WE) were obtained from the dried and ground leaves and stems of injinssuk. The WE was further fractionated into crude polysaccharide (C-PS) and nonpolysaccharide fractions (N-PS). The protective activities against the tert-butyl hydro peroxide induced mutangenecity on Escherichia coli PQ37 and reactive oxygen species scavenging activity of the WE, C-PS, and N-PS were studied. The WE obtained from leaves showed a significantly higher inhibitory effect on the mutagenicity than WE from stem. The WE obtained from the leaves having higher crude polysaccharide content but lower content of total carbohydrates had significantly higher antimutagenicity than that from the leaves with lower crude polysaccharide but higher total carbohydrate contents. Further study showed that C-PS fraction showed markedly stronger antimutagenic effect than N-PS. C-PS was also more effective than N-PS for hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, but was similar to N-PS in superoxide radical scavenging activity.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.273-278
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• 2007

In this study, we examined the antimutagenicity of red pepper seed and red pepper pericarp ethanol extracts using the standard Ames test in the presence and absence of S9 mix. The extracts showed inhibitory effects on both the TA98 and TA100 Salmenella Typhimurium strains against the mutagenic activity of promutagen 2-aminoanthracene, and were also protective against the directly acting mutagens sodium azide and 2-nitrofluorene. The red pepper seed elicited stronger antimutagenicity than the red pepper pericarp. Both the red pepper seed and red pepper pericarp directly quenched nitric oxide to different degrees and the scavenging activities increased with increasing concentrations. Nitric oxide scavenging activity ranged from $22{\sim}77%$ in the red pepper seed, and from $36{\sim}49%$ in the red pepper pericarp. The TEAC values for red pepper seed extract were $47.89{\pm}1.64mg\;g^{-1}$ in the ABTS radical scavenging assays, while those of red pepper pericarp extract were $94.18{\pm}1.61mg\;g^{-1}$. Therefore, we conclude that red pepper seed and red pepper pericarp have antimutagenic activities as well as antioxidant activity.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.334-338
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• 1998

Kale(Brassica oleracea var. acephala) is one of Cruciferous vegetables that is closely related to the wild ancestral form of cabbabe. The ethanol extract of kale which contains the active compoundsss under Salmonella assay system was fractionated with chloroform to collect the nonpolar solvent soluble compounds, and then further fractionation was carried out by silica gel column chromatography. Among kale extracts separated by silical gel column chromatography, the fractions of 4, 5 and 6 exhibited strong antimutagenic activities. The major active compounds from the fraction were identified as chlorophyll derivatives by the analysis with HPLC-fritp-MS. The molecular weights of each chlorophyll derivatives in the sample were acquired from the peaks of positive ion atomosphere pressure chemical ionization (APCI) mas spectrometry.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.197-212
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• 2003

Antigenotoxicity test (SOS chromotest) and antimutagenecity test (Ames test) were carried out using water-soluble and methanolic extracts from Dianthi Herba. Antigenotoxic activity of methanolic extract against mutagens both MNNG and NQO was much more effective than that of water-soluble one. When the extract was added to the certain concentration $(100\;{\mu}l/tube)$, antigenotoxic activities against both mutagens were enhanced. Against the mutagen MNNG with Ames test, antimutagenic activity of the methanolic extract was better than that of water-soluble one. The 74.6% of inhibition ratio for revertant forming CFU/plate was shown at $300\;{\mu}l/plate$ of the methanolic extract.