• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.85-90
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• 2004

To classify the physiological activity by habitat and part of Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), antioxidative and antimicrobial activities were investigated from methanol extracts of Dandelion. Dandelion was taken from Uiryeong (in Kyungnam province) and from Seoul, and antioxidative and antimicrobial activities were measured for three different parts of the dandelion: the flower, leaf and root. Antioxidative activities of methanol extracts from Dandelion were examined by a DPPH test, and antimicrobial activities were examined against 5 microorganisms: Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus as G(+) microorganisms, and Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Eschrichia coli as G(-) microorganisms. No significant differences were found in terms of antioxidative and antimicrobial activities between the dandelions in Uiryeong and the dandelions in Seoul. Antioxidative activity, however, was higher in the flower of the dandelion, irrespective of habitat. Further research with other physiological factors (besides antioxidative and antimicrobial activities) is necessary to shed light on dandelion physiological function and to enhance the utilization of dandelion.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.993-999
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• 1998

Methanol extract of roots of Amblytropis pauciflora Kitagawa showed the antimicrobial activity to three test strains. Antimicrobial spectra of various extracts of Amblytropis pauciflora Kitagawa were tested against 24 strains of bacteria and fungi. The crude methanol extract inhibited the growth of 12 strains of bacteria and Asp. fumigatus with the exception of yeasts. The properties of the antimicrobial substance were very stable under heat(at 12$0^{\circ}C$), acid(pH 3.0) and alkali(pH 11.0) treatment. Only the root harvested in spring showed the antimicrobial activity. Among the components extracted by butanol, ginseng saponin Rg1 and various saponin-like materials were detected by TLC analysis using a plate of silica gel 60F254. The antimicrobial compound was purified by methanol extraction, activated charcoal column chromatography, Sep-pak(C18) pretreatment and reverse phase HPLC. The purified compound was detected at 13.520 min as a single peak(about 98% purity) through the HPLC analysis.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2009

In this study, antimicrobial resistance of E. coli isolated from domestic beef on sale in Busan and Gyeongnam province was investigated from March to October 2008. A total of 400 beef samples were collected for the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance, and 39 (9.8%) strains of E. coli were isolated. Antimicrobial resistance test was carried out by agar disc diffusion method with 17 antimicrobials. In general, E. coli isolates showed the highest antimicrobial resistance to tetracycline (85.3%), followed by doxycycline (76.5%), streptomycin (61.8%) and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (61.8%). Then they showed higher resistance to several antimicrobials like kanamycin and neomycin (55.9%). However, They had low antimicrobial resistance to amikacin (8.8%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (2.9%). Of 39 isolates, 31 (79.5%) were resistant to more than 2 antimicrobials. Among 17 antimicrobials examined, tetracyclines were the most resistant, followed by aminoglycosides, sulfonamides. The resistance was seemed to be correlated to amounts of antimicrobial use. In the result of this study, we suggest that there be need to regulate the abuse of antimicrobial on food-producing animals in Korea because the concern on antimicrobial resistant is gradually increased worldwide.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.356-364
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• 2016

Aim: The purpose of this study was to identify dominant pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibilities of endodontic infection in type II diabetes mellitus (DM) patients to determine effective empirical antibiotics. Methodology: Pathogens from endodontic infection in six patients with DM and in six patients without DM were cultured, identified and their antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using Vitek2 systems ($bioM{\acute{e}}rieux$, Marcy l' Etoile, France). The results were analyzed using Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test at P< 0.05 level. Results: Pathogens of opportunistic infection were dominant in DM patients (P=0.015). However, there was no significant difference of antimicrobial susceptibility between DM and non-DM patients. Relatively high percent (27%) of pathogens showed resistance to penicillin. Conclusions: More cautions should be paid to DM patients because they are prone to opportunistic infection. Penicillin is not effective in the control of endodontic infection.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.166-171
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• 2003

Milk samples were collected from a total of 418 quarters of 214 Holstein cows. Of these, samples which were positive on California Mastitis Test (CMT) and above 200,000 cells/ml by somatic cell counts were subjected to bacteriological examination and antimicrobial susceptibility test. Major pathogens responsible for mastitis included coagulase-negative staphylococci (34.3%), coagulase-positive staphylococci (21.5%), gran-negative rod (coliforms and noncoliforms: 12.6%) and Streptococcus spp. (8.4%). These strains were tested with 13 antimicrobial agents by the Kirby and Bauer standardized disc diffusion method. The isolated pathogens were mostly susceptible to amoxicillin and cephalothin, but were resistant to erythromycin.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.2345-2350
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• 2010

A series of thiadiazole derivatives were synthesized with differently substituted benzoic acids which were cyclized to give differently substituted thiazolidin-4-one. Elemental analysis, IR, $^1H$ NMR, $^{13}C$ NMR and mass spectral data confirmed the structure of the newly synthesized compounds. The derivatives of these moieties were evaluated for antimicrobial activity. Most of the synthesized compounds showed good antimicrobial activity at 200 and $100\;{\mu}g/mL$. Compounds showed most significant antibacterial activity against gram negative test organism Escherichia coli and most significant antifungal activity against test organisms Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. It was observed that compounds with $OCH_3$ at 3, 4 position of phenyl ring [5(a-l)] were more potent against microbes as compared to compounds having unsubstituted phenyl ring [4(a-l)].

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.407-412
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• 2005

Ten isolates of Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) were detected in slaughtered cattle and investigated their phenotypic characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility. None of the isolates was positive for eae gene. Only one isolate was positive for uidA gene. Eight out of ten isolates of VTEC were originated from broker's cattle. Thus microbiological monitoring for broker farms should be performed to minimize VTEC contamination. In the antimicrobial susceptibility test, all the isolates were highly resistant to bacitracin and lincomycin whilst they are susceptible to apramycin and neomycin.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.59-62
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• 2008

본 연구는 우유내 잔류물질 검사에 신속검출법으로 많이 사용되는 Delvo test가 산양유의 잔류물질 검사에도 적합한지 확인하기 위해 수행되었다. 8개 산양유목장 원유를 7회에 걸쳐 총 56개 시료를 Delvo test, Eclipse100, 그리고 Parallux로 분석하였다. 면역화학적 방법인 파라룩스에서는 양성 시료가 전혀 검출되지 않았으나 Delvo test에서는 37.5%의 양성율을 나타내었고 같은 미생물적 검출법인 Eclipse100에서는 3.6%의 양성율을 나타내었다. Delvo test는 국립수의과학검역원에서 발간한 원유검사표준화요령에 미생물학적 잔류물질 신속검출법으로 기재되어 있고, 축산물가공처리법상 "원유"의 정의가 '판매 또는 판매를 위한 처리 가공을 목적으로 하는 착유상태의 우유와 양유를 말한다'는 점을 고려할 때 Delvo test를 원유검사표준화요령에서 제외시키거나 Delvo test가 산양유의 잔류물질 신속검출법으로 적합하지 않다는 근거가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2018

This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of Acanthopanax sessiliflorum fruit (ASF; Ogaza) extracts on Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus, which are agents that cause dental caries, and on Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus salivarius, the microbial flora of the oral cavity. The ASF extracts obtained using 70% ethanol were fractionated in the order of ethyl acetate and n-Butanol, concentrated under reduced pressure, and lyophilized to give powdery solvent extracts. The antimicrobial activity of ASF extracts from each solvent was examined using the disk diffusion method. As a result, only those extracts obtained using an ethyl acetate solvent showed antimicrobial activity. These extracts were selected, and the minimum inhibitory concentration was measured by disk diffusion method at various extract concentrations. Results showed a minimum inhibitory concentration of 32 mg/ml. The viable cell count was measured to confirm the minimum bactericidal concentration. Results showed a minimum bactericidal concentration of 64 mg/ml. In the cytotoxicity test using normal human dermal fibroblast cells, the absorbance value of the test group was similar to that of the control group at 0.64, 1.28, and 6.4 mg/ml. The bacteria and their colonies were examined using a scanning electron microscope. Boundaries between the antimicrobial activity region and non-antimicrobial activity region were observed around the paper disk, which was immersed in the extract with 32 mg/ml concentration. Bacterial colonization was not observed in the area with antimicrobial activity. This finding suggests that ASF extracts can inhibit the growth of some microorganisms in the oral cavity, in addition to the effects of these extracts known to date. In particular, ASF extracts may be used as a preparation for preventing dental caries by adding the extract to the toothpaste or oral mouthwash.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.141-151
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• 2019

Purpose : Hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a major inorganic bactericidal compound of innate immunity, is effective against a broad range of microorganisms. In particular, HOCl is well-known as a non-antibiotic antimicrobial substance. However, effects of HOCl as an antimicrobial agent are still needed to study these functions against various specific type of microorganisms. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial effect of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in S. mutans and A. actinomycetemcomitans to cause dental caries and periodontal disease. Experiments were conducted to observe whether HOCl become effective replacement of disinfectant. Methods : To observe antimicrobial effect of HOCl, stabilized HOCl is prepared in the form of a physiologically balanced solution in pre-conditioned and post-conditioned HOCl solution. As a control, commercially available disinfectant MAXCLEAN was used as positive control. Moreover, S. mutans and A. actinomycetemcomitans distribution in gagrin, filtered tap water, and culture media. Cell viability were measured by viable cell count methods and disk diffusion test. Results : Our results showed that treatment of HOCl have no effect against antimicrobial effect compare to control group especially gagrin in disk diffusion test. HOCl tended to reduced viability against S. mutans in group of post-conditioned than pre-conditioned of HOCl solution however, there was no significant difference as well as no effect in A. actinomycetemcomitans. Conclusion : HOCl showed tendency to reduce viability against S. mutans in group of post-conditioned of HOCl solution and no effect of antimicrobial effect. Although HOCl is well known as effective against a broad range of microorganisms, HOCl seems to have diversity following type of species to be used as antimicrobial drug following our results. Therefore, it is necessary to be rigidly controlled and regulated in using HOCl solution clinically.