• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.339-342
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• 2012

This study describes the characterization of a new angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptide from a Korean traditional rice wine. After purification of the ACE inhibitor peptides with ultrafiltration, Sephadex G-25 column chromatography, and successively $C_{18}$ and SCX solid-phase extraction, reverse-phase HPLC, and size exculsion chromatography, two types of the purified ACE inhibitors with $IC_{50}$ values of 0.34 mg/ml and 1.23 mg/ml were finally obtained. The two purified ACE inhibitors (F-1 and F-2) were found to have two kinds of novel oligopeptides, showing very little similarity to other ACE inhibitory peptide sequences. The amino acid sequences of the two purified oligopeptides were found to be Gln-Phe-Tyr-Ala-Val (F-1) and Ala-Gly-Pro-Val-Leu-Leu (F-2), and their molecular masses were estimated to be 468.7 Da (F-1) and 357.7 Da (F-2), respectively. They all showed a clear antihypertensive effect on spontaneously hypertensive rats at a dosage of 500 mg/kg.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.123-132
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• 2010

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether self-fermented pine extract for 2 years (SFPE2) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction from self-fermented pine needle extract may affect the contractility of the isolated aortic strips and blood pressure of normotensive rats. SFPE2 ($360-1440\;{\mu}g/mL$) significantly depressed both phenylephrine ($10\;{\mu}M$)- and high potassium (56 mM)-induced contractile responses of the isolated rat aortic strips in dose-dependent fashion. The EtOAc-fraction ($400\;{\mu}g/mL$) also inhibited both phenylephrine ($10\;{\mu}M$)- and high potassium (56 mM)-induced contractile responses. Also, in anesthetized normotensive rats, intravenous injection of the EtOAc fraction (1.0~10.0 mg/kg) dose-dependently elicited hypotensive responses. The EtOAc fractions (1.0 and 3.0 mg/kg/30 min) inhibited norepinehrine-induced pressor responses. Intravenous infusion of SFPE2 fraction (3.0 and 10.0 mg/kg/30 min) also inhibited norepinehrine-induced pressor responses in both anesthetized spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and normotensive rats. In conclusion, these results suggest that both SFPE2 and the EtOAc fraction cause vascular relaxation in the aortic strips isolated from normotensive rats and SHRs as well as vasodepressor responses. Based on these experimental data, it seems that SFPE2 or the EtOAc fraction possesses active antihypertensive components, which are available to prevent or treat hypertension in future.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1781-1789
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• 2018

In this study, whey proteins were fermented with 34 lactic acid bacteria for 48 h at $37^{\circ}C$ and their ability to inhibit angiotensin 1-converting enzyme (ACE) activity were compared. All the lactic acid bacteria displayed varying proteolytic abilities in whey. Their fermentates also displayed varying abilities to inhibit ACE in vitro. Seven fermentates showed strong ACE inhibitory abilities between $84.70{\pm}0.67$ and $52.40{\pm}2.1%$ with $IC_{50}$ values between $19.78{\pm}1.73$ and $2.13{\pm}0.7mg/ml$. Pediococcus acidilactici SDL1414 showed the strongest ACE inhibitory activity of $84.7{\pm}0.67%$ ($IC_{50}=19.78{\pm}1.73{\mu}g/ml$). Mass spectrometry revealed that more than half (57.7%) of the low molecular weight peptides (< 7 kDa) in the P. acidilactici SDL1414 fermented samples were ACE inhibitory peptides. Our results show that P. acidilactici SDL1414 could be used as a starter culture in the dairy industry to develop antihypertensive functional foods for hypertension management.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.165-171
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• 2018

An overdose of antihypertensive agents, such calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARBs), and the antihyperglycemic agent, metformin, leads to hypotension and lactic acidosis, respectively. A 40-year-old hypertensive and diabetic man with hyperlipidemia and a weight of 110 kg presented to the emergency room with vomiting, dizziness, and hypotension following an attempted drug overdose suicide with combined CCBs, ARBs, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coemzyme A reductase inhibitors, and metformins. A conventional medical treatment initially administered proved ineffective. The treatment was then changed to simultaneous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), which was effective. This shows that simultaneous ECMO and CRRT can be an effective treatment protocol in cases of ineffective conventional medical therapy for hypotension and lactic acidosis due to an overdose of antihypertensive agents and metformin, respectively.

• CELLMED
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.7.1-7.8
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• 2022

The Unani System of Medicine (USM) is one of the traditional systems of medicine that deals with plants. Plants are large source of medicine. JIRJEER (Eruca sativa) is one of the plant origin drugs, has been used for various therapeutic purposes in USM. It contains Erucic acid (major contain), oleic acid, linoleic acid, saturated Fatty acids, Flavonoids, Phenolics, Glucosinolate, Vitamin C and Carotenoids. These active constituents are responsible for their actions described in Unani classical literature such as Muqqawwi-e-bah (Aphrodisiac), Muwallid-e-mani (Spermatomatogenic), Daf-e-sumoom (Antidote), Kasir-e-riyah (Carminative), Jaali (Cleanser/Detergent), Mudirr-e-bawl (Diuretic) wo Mudirr-e-hayd (Emmenogoggue), Muhammir (Rubefacient), Hazim (Digestive), Mulaiyan (Laxative), Muzliq-e-mani (Lubricant), Muddir-e-shir (Galactopoietic), Mufattih-e-Sudad (Deobstruent), Musakhin (Analgesic), Mulattif (Demulcent), Mufattit-i-hasah (Lithotriptic) and whole plant is considered as aphrodisiac. This is a review paper which discusses morphology, pharmacological action, ethno-medicinal and therapeutic uses of this medicinal plant in perspective of Unani medicine. This review has been done through online searches of databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, science direct and hand search for classical textbook available in different libraries. It concluded that JIRJEER (Eruca sativa) is one of the best herbal medicines in treatment of Antiulcer, Antibacterial, Fertility, Hepato-protective, Hyperlipidemic, Antioxidant, Antihypertensive, Anti-inflammatory and Anti-edema, Nephro-protective, Antidiabetic, Antifungal and Anticancer properties.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.386-390
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• 2022

This study aimed to investigate the biological and antibacterial activities of phenolics from Sambucus sieboldiana var. pendula leaf extract. The phenolic contents of the S. sieboldiana var. pendula extracted with water and ethanol was 11.60 and 12.39 mg/g, respectively. The inhibitory effects of the water and ethanol extracts on the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) were 71.94-92.08 and 48.42-78.33%, respectively, and on xanthine oxidase (XOase) were 42.11-100 and 35.61-100%, respectively, at a phenolic concentration of 50-200 ㎍/mL. All these effects were found to be concentration-dependent. Additionally, the leaf extracts exhibited excellent antibacterial activities against Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Propionibacterium acnes. Hence, S. sieboldiana var. pendula was confirmed to have excellent antihypertensive, antigout, and antimicrobial properties.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.178-188
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• 2024

The aim of this study is to investigate whether milk fermented by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum K79, which exhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity, has an effect on lowering the blood pressure of hypertensive rats and to investigate biomarker changes in their blood. Experimental group: normal group (NG, Wistar-Kyoto rats): distilled water, control group [NCG, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)]: distilled water, high treatment group (HTG, SHR): 500 mg/kg/day, medium treatment group (SHR): 335 mg/kg/day, low treatment group (SHR): 170 mg/kg/day, positive control group (PCG, SHR): Enalapril, 10 mg/kg/day. The experimental animals used in this study were divided into groups composed of 8 animals. In terms of weight change, a significant difference was observed between the NG and the SHR group, but there was no significant difference between the SHR group. After 8 wk of feeding, blood pressure was lowered more significantly in the HTG (209.9±13.3 mmHg) than in the NCG (230.8±7.3 mmHg). The treatment group has an effect of lowering blood pressure by significantly suppressing blood pressure-related biomarker protein expression than NG. The results obtained can be used as an antihypertensive material in a variety of food raw materials.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1051-1058
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• 2014

Yuza (Citrus junos) had 3 varieties and they had variable physiochemical properties. This study analyzed free sugar, hesperidine, naringin, flavonoid contents and antihypertensive activities according to variety and harvest time of Yuza. Three Yuza varieties, native (C. junos I), improved I (C. junos I + Poncirus trifoliata), improved II (C. junos I + C. junos II) were used. Harvest time could influence biochemical properties of Yuza such as acidity and $^{\circ}brix$. When the Yuza harvested at behind of season, the sugar/acid ratio went up because the acidity was decreased but sugar content was increased. Fructose content was dramatically high at November, Yuza of the season. Total flavonoids was high in pulp parts of improved II and in juice of native one harvested at October. The content of hesperidin and naringin in peels and juices were high in immature fruits fresh-picked at July since then they were decreased steadily and there were no difference according to varieties. The angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition was powerful at pulp of Yuza in particular native one picked at November.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.247-252
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• 2000

As functionality investigation of Korean traditional soybean fermentation foods, an antihypertensive peptide was separated during Chunggugjang fermentation by Bacillus subtilis CH-1023 and investigated inhibitory effect against angiotensin converting enzyme. After incubation at $20^{\circ}C,\;30^{\circ}C,\;40^{\circ}C,\;50^{\circ}C,\;60^{\circ}C$ for the $0{\sim}72$ hrs, protein content, protease activity and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitory rate were determined. The protein content and protease activity were increased and reached maximum at 60 hrs fermentation with $40^{\circ}C$ and decreased after the 60 hrs fermentation. The optimum condition for antihypertensive peptide from Chunggugjang was appeared for 60 hrs at $40^{\circ}C$. Crude extract of Chunggugjang was partially purified by Amicon YM-3 membrane filtration and Sephadex G-10, G-25 gel filtration. The purified peptide showed inhibitory rate of 94.3% with 0.5 mg peptide content. The most prominent amino acid composition of the peptide from Chunggugjang was alanine, followed by phenylalanine, histidine.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.126-132
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• 2011

The goal of this study was to develop a high value Korean red wine possessing antihypertension activity. The effects of some medicinal plants and grapes on the alcohol fermentation process and the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of Vitis hybrid red wine were investigated. Various Vitis hybrid red wines were vinified by the fermentation of a mixture of Vitis hybrid must and some medicinal plants and grapes at $25^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. Of these red wines, the Vitis hybrid-Vitis coignetiae red wine exhibited a high ethanol content of 12.0% and had a good level of acceptability. It also showed a high antihypertensive ACE inhibitory activity of 68.5%. After post-fermentation of 60 days, the ACE inhibitory activities of the Vitis hybrid-Vitis coignetiae red wine exhibited the highest ACE inhibitory activity of 80.7% ($IC_{50}$: 28 mg/mL) and also had the best acceptability. The $C_{18}$ solid phase extracts of the Vitis hybrid-Vitis coignetiae red wine, after 60 days post-fermentation, showed clear antihypertensive effects on spontaneously hypertensive rats. Our results reveal that the Vitis hybrid-Vitis coignetiae red wine has the potential to become a new functional red wine due to its good acceptability and high antihypertensive activity.