• Mycobiology
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.244-251
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• 2012

In vitro and greenhouse screening of seven rhizobacterial isolates, AB05, AB10, AB11, AB12, AB14, AB15 and AB17, was conducted to investigate the plant growth promoting activities and inhibition against anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum in pepper. According to identification based on 16S rDNA sequencing, the majority of the isolates are members of Bacillus and a single isolate belongs to the genus Paenibacillus. All seven bacterial isolates were capable of inhibiting C. acutatum to various degrees. The results primarily showed that antibiotic substances produced by the selected bacteria were effective and resulted in strong antifungal activity against the fungi. However, isolate AB15 was the most effective bacterial strain, with the potential to suppress more than 50% mycelial growth of C. acutatum in vitro. Moreover, antibiotics from Paenibacillus polymyxa (AB15) and volatile compounds from Bacillus subtilis (AB14) exerted efficient antagonistic activity against the pathogens in a dual culture assay. In vivo suppression activity of selected bacteria was also analyzed in a greenhouse with the reference to their prominent in vitro antagonism efficacy. Induced systemic resistance in pepper against C. acutatum was also observed under greenhouse conditions. Where, isolate AB15 was found to be the most effective bacterial strain at suppressing pepper anthracnose under greenhouse conditions. Moreover, four isolates, AB10, AB12, AB15, and AB17, were identified as the most effective growth promoting bacteria under greenhouse conditions, with AB17 inducing the greatest enhancement of pepper growth.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2003년도 제10차 국제학술회의 및 추계정기 학술발표회
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• pp.48-49
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• 2003

This project was conducted to development several camellia tea mixed herb teas having any physiological effects. Leaves of tea tree contain many compounds, such as polysaccharides, volatile oils, vitamins, minerals, purines, alkaloids(eg. caffeine) and polyphenols(catechins and flavonoids). Although all three tea types(green, oolonr and black) have antibacterial and free radical capturing(antioxidizing) activities, the efficacy decreases substantially the darker the variety of tea is. This is due to lower contents of anti-oxidizing polyphenols remaining in the leaves. Unlike tea tree(Camellia sinensis), the biochemical features and effects of camellia(Camellia japonica) are not well known. Fresh mature leaf of sasanqua camellia(C. sasanqua), roasted young leaf tea(C. japonica) and fresh mature leaf and bark of camellia had high antibacterial activity against P. vulgaris and B. subtilis. In antifungal activity bioassay, young leaf roasted teas of camellia and sasanqua camellia had high activity against C. albicans and T. beigelil. Plant extracts from Camelia japonica had higher inhibitory activity against fungi than against bacteria. In cytotoxic effect against human acute myelogenous leukaemia cell extracts including fresh leaf(200$\mu\textrm{g}$/m1), bark(230$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) and flower tea (320$\mu\textrm{g}$/m1)inhibited growth of AML cells.(중략)

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.400-407
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• 2008

The aim of the present study is to investigate the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of petroleum ether and ethanol extracts of Scutia myrtina (Family: Rhamnaceae). In anti-inflammatory activity carrageenan and histamine induced paw oedema and cotton pellet induced granuloma for acute and chronic inflammatory models were studied in Wister albino rats. Based on the results of the present study it can be concluded that petroleum ether and ethanol extract of Scutia myrtina at 400 mg/kg has potential anti-inflammatory effect and they act in a dose dependent manner. Both extracts of Scutia myrtina showed antimicrobial activity against all bacterial and fungal strains tested at the concentration of $100\;{\mu}g$/ml. From the result, it can be concluded that the Scutia myrtina contain antibacterial and antifungal principle. Further more, besides the confirmation of the popular use; the obtained results demonstrate this herbal drug to represent a new source of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agent.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.196-203
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• 1995

국내에서 선멸된 Streptomyces sp. 809-11 균주의 항생물질 polyoxins의 생합성 능력을 향상시키기 위하여 주요 영양원에 따른 균체의 중식 및 polyoxins 의 생합성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 본 실험결 과 가용성 전분만을 사용한 배지에서는 초기 대수척 성장기의 균체량은 증가하였으나 polyoxins의 생합 성량은 적게 나타났으며, 포도당만을 이용한 경우는 사상균사체의 형성을 증가시켜 polyoxins의 생합성 량을 증가시켰으나 초기 균체의 성장률은 매우 저조 하였다. 따라서 균체의 성장과 polyoxins의 생합성 향상 두 가지 측면을 모두 고려하여 볼 때 탄소원 으로 가용성 전분과 포도탕을 혼용하여 사용하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 나타났다. 질소원으로 사용한 $(NH_2)_4S0_4$는 비교적 고놓도인 151.4mM에서 최대 항생제 생합성량을 보여주었으며, 인산염으로 사용된 $K_2HPO_4$는 0.5mM 정도에서 최적의 poly oxms 생합성을 보여 주였다. 유가식배양을 도입하 여 초기에는 균체 성장을 위하여 전분과 포도탕이 함유된 배지에서 배양하였고, 탄소원의 고갈시점에 는 사상 균사체의 분화 촉진을 위하여 포도당을 공 급한 결과 polyoxins의 생합성량을 회분식 배양에 비하여 두 배 이상으로 증가시켰다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2008

구강 캔디다증은 주요 기회감염 균주인 Candida 속(屬) 진균류에 의한 감염성 질환으로 구강점막에 발생하는 진균 감염 중 가장 흔하지만, 만성증식성(chronic hyperplastic type)이나 정중능형설염(median rhomboid glossitis)과 같이 드문 형태의 경우 오진의 가능성이 있고 효과적인 치료법의 결정도 어려운 경우가 있다. 본 증례에서는 만성증식성 구강 캔디다증 및 정중능형설염으로 진단된 환자에서 nystatin 처방에 효과적으로 반응하지 않아 fluconazole을 투여하여 증상의 경감과 치유를 보인 예를 보고하고자 한다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.210-221
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was performed to investigate the mineralization and differentiation of osteobalsts for bone regeneration in vitro and the effect of rate of the composition in periodontal cells on mineralization. For this study, healthy gingival tissues were surgically obtained from the patients during 1st premolar extraction for the purposes of orthodontic treament. Gingival tissue was washed several time with Phosphate buffered saline contained high concentration of antibiotics and antifungal agent, and cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium(DMEM, Gibco, U.S.A.). Every cell were cultured in state at $37^{\circ}C$, 100% of humidity, 5% of $CO_2$ incubator. Bone marrow stromal cells were isolated from 5-clay-old rat femur with using medium irrigation mathod by syringe. Cell suspension medium were centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 5 min and then cultured in the petri dish. Two kinds of cell were freezed and stocked in the liquid nitrogen tank until experiment. Cell were incubated into the 24 multi-well plate with $5{\times}10^4$cell/well of medium at $37^{\circ}C$, 100% of humidity 5% $CO_2$ incubator for 24 hours. After discarded of the supernatent of medium, O.5ml of medium were reapplied and incubated. And counted the number of cell using the hemocytometer and inverted light microscope. We have measured the number of mineralized nodule with using Alizarin red S. staining in microscope. Furthermore every cell were observed the morphological change between every rate of co-culture of the two kinds of cell. The results were as follows; The rate of proliferation of co-culture cell revealed high rate tendency compared the bone marrow stromal cell only and low growth rate to compared with gingival fibroblast only. The tendency of formation of the mineralized nodule were observed dose-depend pattern of bone marrow stromal cell. It is concluded that the gingival fibroblast may inhibit the formation of mineralized nodule in the culture of the bone marrow stromal cell.

• 식물병연구
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2014

감귤 궤양병은 Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc)에 의해 발생하는 감귤에서 매우 중요한 병 중에 하나이다. 비록 한국에서 대부분 재배되는 감귤인 온주밀감은 감귤 궤양병에 대해 중도저항성이긴 하지만 지난 10년전 이래로 자주 발생되었다. 감귤에서 다른 병과 마찬가지로 감귤 궤양병도 포장에서 주로 화학농약에 의해 방제되고 있다. 농약의 부작용으로 인해 최근 다른 방제 수단이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 Xcc에 직접적인 항균 활성이 있는 식물근권세균 TRH423-3, MRL408-3, THJ609-3, TRH415-2을 선발하였다. 선발된 식물근권세균을 감귤 잎에 전 처리하였더니 감귤 궤양병균을 접종한 후 병 발생이 억제되었다. 유사하게, 포장 실험에서도 선발된 식물근권세균을 여러 차례 살포한 감귤나무에서 무처리한 나무에 비해 병이 적게 진전 되었다. 따라서 선발된 식물근권세균이 친환경 감귤농가에서 대체 수단으로 가치가 있다고 생각된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2004

마늘의 주요 항균성분은 allicin이며, allicin을 유효물질로 한 마늘 종자소독제를 제조하였다. 마늘 종자소독제 중의 allicin 함량은 약 0.62%였으며 키다리병균 Gibberella fujikuroi에 대하여 1% 농도에서 가장 강한 방제가를 나타내었다. 마늘 종자소독제를 이용한 벼 키다리병의 방제가는 병원균을 접종한 처리구에서는 87.5%, 접종하지 않은 처리구에서는 81.7%의 방제가를 나타내었다. 이는 대조약제인 prochloraz, fludioxonil 처리구 보다는 효과가 미흡하지만 친환경 종자처리제로서의 만족할 만한 방제효과라고 사료된다. 마늘 종자소독제의 수온에 따른 키다리병의 방제효과에 관한 실험에서는 수온 $30{\sim}35^{\circ}C$에서 91~95%의 방제효과를 보인 반면 온도가 낮아질수록 방제가가 떨어지는 현상을 볼 수 있었다. 따라서, 마늘 종자소독제를 이용하여 처리할 때에는 온도를 고려하는 것이 가장 중요하다고 판단된다. 마늘 종자소독제의 처리시 수온과 약량에 따른 키다리병 방제효과에 관한 실험에서는 종자소독제의 처리농도가 높고 종자소독시간이 길어짐에 따라 발병이 적어졌으나 그 차이는 크지 않아 어느 방법도 실용적인 방제법이 될 수 없었다. 마늘을 이용한 종자소독제는 다른 소독제와 같이 소량으로 대량의 볍씨를 소독할 수 있는 장점이 있어 실용화 가능성은 매우 크다고 사료되며, 앞으로 연구가 계속 되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.318-328
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• 2017

Chitinase-producing Paenibacillus elgii strain HOA73 has been used to control plant diseases. However, the antimicrobial activity of its extracellular chitinase has not been fully elucidated. The major extracellular chitinase gene (PeChi68) from strain HOA73 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli in this study. This gene had an open reading frame of 2,028 bp, encoding a protein of 675 amino acid residues containing a secretion signal peptide, a chitin-binding domain, two fibronectin type III domains, and a catalytic hydrolase domain. The chitinase (PeChi68) purified from recombinant E. coli exhibited a molecular mass of approximately 68 kDa on SDS-PAGE. Biochemical analysis indicated that optimum temperature for the actitvity of purified chitinase was $50^{\circ}C$. However, it was inactivated with time when it was incubated at $40^{\circ}C$ and $50^{\circ}C$. Its optimum activity was found at pH 7, although its activity was stable when incubated between pH 3 and pH 11. Heavy metals inhibited this chitinase. This purified chitinase completely inhibited spore germination of two Cladosporium isolates and partially inhibited germination of Botrytis cinerea spores. However, it had no effect on the spores of a Colletotricum isolate. These results indicate that the extracellular chitinase produced by P. elgii HOA73 might have function in limiting spore germination of certain fungal pathogens.

• 셀메드
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.22.1-22.7
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• 2020

Introduction: Qūbā (Tinea Corporis) is a very common disease widely prevalent worldwide. 20 - 25 % individuals suffer for this stubborn disease. Unani System of Medicine offers its treatment. There are many pharmacopoeial formulations indicated for various types of dermatophytic infections. In this study clinical efficacy and safety of the topical Unani formulation Marham Kharish Jadeed (a compound drug in the dosage form of an ointment) was assessed and compared with a standard conventional medicine. Materials and methods: A clinical study was conducted on 60 participants of qūbā randomized into test and control groups (n=30 in each group). The participants were clinically diagnosed and confirmed by microscopy of skin scrapings. The efficacy of the Unani formulation was assessed in terms of TSS score and elimination of fungal elements from the skin lesions. The data collected were analyzed statistically. Results and discussion: The study showed that the Unani formulation had comparatively better efficacy clinically than conventional medicine Terbinafine hydrochloride 1% cream in terms of reduction of itching, erythema, scaling, peripheral raised margins of the lesion comparing to baseline. In this study, 27 participants in test group and 18 participants in control group were completely cured (≥75% reduction in TSS Score with Mycological Cure) after 4 weeks of treatment. The efficacy of the Unani formulation was found significant statistically. The individual drugs of the formulations having analgesic (Musakkin), blood purifier (Muṣaffi-i-Dam), demulcent (Mulaṭṭif), antifungal (Qātil-i-fafūndῑ), detergent (Jālῑ), refrigerant (Mubarrid) and antiseptic (Dāfi'-i-'Ufūnat) properties might be responsible for the efficacy of Unani formulation. Conclusion: The findings of the study suggested that the Unani formulation was found effective and safe in the management of qūbā. No local and systemic adverse effect was reported during the study.