• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.109-111
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• 2013

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) peritonitis is a major complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and leads to the discontinuation of PD. Despite its limited pathogenicity, CAPD peritonitis caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (S. maltophilia), an important nosocomial pathogen that is present in nature and is usually associated with plastic indwelling devices. Infection of S. maltophilia is associated with a poor prognosis, including inability to maintain the CAPD catheter, because of its resistance to multiple antibiotics. We report a case of CAPD peritonitis due to S. maltophilia that was treated successfully using oral Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and intraperitoneal Ticarcillin/clavulanate without removing the dialysis catheter.

• 약학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.312-316
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• 2005

To develop a new natural antibiotics from Koran plant resources for dealing with the current situation regarding the rapid increase in antibiotic-resistant pathogen, the in vitro inhibitory activities of essential oils from the young leaves of Glehnia littoralis (Umbelliferae) as well as its main constituents were evaluated against susceptible and resistant species of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The essential oil fraction of G. littoralis and its main components, $\alpha-and\;\beta-pinene$, exhibited significant inhibitory activities against the antibiotic-susceptible and resistant strains of S. pneumoniae, with MICs (minimum inhibiting concentrations) ranging from 4.0mg/ml to 16mg/ml. No remarkable differences were shown between the susceptible and resistant strains. Moreover, the disk diffusion test disclosed that these inhibitory activities were dose­dependent. Furthermore, data from the checkerboard titer test with FICIs (fractional inhibiting concentration indices) from 0.15 to 0.28 indicated synergisms between norfloxacin and $\alpha-or\;{\beta}-pinene$ in activity against S. pneumoniae KCCM49629 and S. pneumoniae CCARM4059.

• 약학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.306-310
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• 2008

In vitro ${\beta}-lactamase$ inhibitory activity of 6-benzothiazole penicillins (1, 2, 3 and 4) was compared with clavulanic acid, sulbactam and tazobactam. The inhibitory activity of exomethylene compounds (3 and 4) was stronger than those of non-exomethylene compounds (1 and 2). The sulfide 3 showed stronger inhibitory activity than sulbactam, clavulanic acid andsimilar to tazobactam against ${\beta}-lactamase$ Type I enzymes. The inhibitory activity of 4 was stronger than those of sulbactam, clavulanic acid and tazobactam against Type III and IV enzymes. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of ampicillin or cefoperazone combined with 3 or 4 was stronger than those of ampicillin or cefoperazone alone against many ${\beta}-lactamase$ producing strains to show that compounds 3 and 4 have some synergistic effect. The synergistic activity of 3 and 4 was comparable to sulbactam in some ${\beta}-lactamase$ producing strains, but it was inferior to tazobactam.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제76권1호
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• pp.30-33
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• 2014

We report the first Korean case of lung diseases caused by Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. bolletii in a previously healthy male, except for a previous history of pulmonary tuberculosis and bronchiectasis. All serial isolates are identified as M. abscessus subsp. bolletii by multi-locus sequence analysis based on the hsp65, rpoB, and 16S rRNA fragments. At the genetic level, the isolate has the erm(41) gene with a T28 sequevar, associated with clarithromycin resistance, and no rrl mutation. The isolate is resistant to clarithromycin. Although the symptoms and radiographic findings have improved after combination of antibiotics, the follow-up sputum cultures are persistently positive.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.396-400
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• 1987

단각후(斷角後) 세균감염(細菌感染)으로 발생(發生)한 전두동염(前頭洞炎)의 1예(例)에 엔거술(円鋸術)을 시도(試圖)하였고 세유액(洗游液), 항생제(抗生劑) 및 단백분해제(蛋白分解劑) 등의 병용(倂用)으로 치료효과(治療效果)를 보였다. 장기간(長期間)에 걸친 꾸준한 치료(治療)가 요(要)하게 되므로 단각후(斷角後)에 철저(徹底)한 방부(防腐)와 단각부(斷角部)의 보호(保護)로서 치중(置重)하는 것이 바람직하다고 생각된다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.96-115
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• 2013

본 연구는 항균성 코팅제의 개념과 동향파악으로 항균성 코팅제의 연구개발의 방향을 설정하는데 도움을 주기 위한 것이다. 항균제는 미생물을 제거하거나 성장을 저지하는데 사용되는 화합물이며 항균 코팅제에 함유되는 항균제용 재료는 무기물, 금속, 저분자 유기물, 천연유기물, 고분자가 있다. 항균코팅제는 생활용품, 병원용품, 산업용품, 전자제품, 의류, 건축 내장재 등의 표면의 항균성 부여에 쓰인다. 기존 항생제는 세균의 세포벽을 손상하지 않고 미생물을 침투하나 항균성 고분자는 세포막을 파괴하므로 항생제의 내성을 방지할 수 있다. 대부분의 고분자 항균제는 양이온 고분자에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 항균제의 분자설계와 코팅제 배합의 합리화로 항균제의 선택성, 내구성, 독성 문제가 개선될 것이다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.685-690
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• 2007

The deoxysugar biosynthetic gene cluster of Sch 47554/Sch 47555 was cloned from Streptomyces sp. SCC-2136. One of the ORFs, schS6, appeared to encode glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase, which converts dTTP and glucose-1-phosphate to TDP-D-glucose and pyrophosphate. The dTDP-D-glucose is a key metabolite in prokaryotics as a precursor for a large number of modified deoxysugars, and these deoxysugars are a maj or part of various antibiotics, ranging from glycosides to macrolides. SchS6 was expressed in E. coli vector pSCHS6 and the expressed protein was purified to apparent homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation and Ni-NTA affinity column chromatography. The specific activity of the purified enzyme increased 4.7-fold with 17.5% recovery. It migrated as a single band on SDS-PAGE with an apparent molecular mass of 56kDa. The purified protein showed glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase activity, catalyzing a reversible bimolecular group transfer reaction. In the forward reaction, the highest activity was obtained with combination of dTTP and ${\alpha}-D-glucose-1-phosphate$, and only 12% of that activity was obtained with the substrates $UTP/{\alpha}-D-glucose-1-phosphate$. In the opposite direction, the purified protein was highly specific for dTDP-D-glucose and pyrophosphate.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.46-49
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• 2011

Background and Objectives Cervical necrotizing fasciitis is a fulminant disease associated with necrosis of connective tissue, spread along the fascial plane, and high mortality. We analyzed the clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of this rare fatal disease. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 19 patients treated for cervical necrotizing fasciitis from January 1999 to January 2009. Mean age was 53.7 years. Results The most common predisposing illness was tonsillitis (36.8%), followed by odontogenic infection (15.7%). Diabetes mellitus was most common underlying disease. Liver cirrhosis and chronic renal failure were found in 2 patients each. All patients were treated with combination of parenteral antibiotics and wide surgical debridement by transcervical and/or thoracotomy approach. Multiple surgical debridements were performed in 7 patients. Tracheotomy was performed in most of the patients (88.8%). Period of total hospitalization and Intensive care unit was 23 days and 10.1 days. Two patients died of disease and overall survival rate was 89.4%. Conclusion Early surgical management and care in intensive care unit are essential for cervical necrotizing fasciitis. Possible complications such as respiratory failure, mediastinitis or sepsis should be carefully evaluated.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2011

The use of antimicrobials will be soon removed due to an increase of occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria or ionophore-resistant Eimeria species in poultry farms and consumers' preference on drug-free chicken meats or eggs. Although dietary antimicrobials contributed to the growth and health of the chickens, we do not fully understand their interrelationship among antimicrobials, gut microbiota, and host immunity in poultry. In this review, we explored the current understanding on the effects of antimicrobials on gut microbiota and immune systems of chickens. Based on the published literatures, it is clear that antibiotics and antibiotic ionophores, when used singly or in combination could influence gut microbiota. However, antimicrobial effect on gut microbiota varied depending on the samples (e.g., gut locations, digesta vs. mucosa) used and among the experiments. It was noted that the digesta vs. the mucosa is the preferred sample with the results of no change, increase, or decrease in gut microbiota community. In future, the mucosa-associated bacteria should be targeted as they are known to closely interact with the host immune system and pathogen control. Although limited, dietary antimicrobials are known to modulate humoral and cell-mediated immunities. Ironically, the evidence is increasing that dietary antimicrobials may play an important role in triggering enteric disease such as gangrenous dermatitis, a devastating disease in poultry industry. Future work should be done to unravel our understanding on the complex interaction of host-pathogen-microbiota-antimicrobials in poultry.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.777-786
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• 2003

Blended essential oil(CRINA$^{\circledR}$) 첨가가 육계의 생산성과 영양소 이용률, 계육내 지방산 조성, 소장 내 미생물 균총 및 혈액지질 조성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 갓 부화한 1000수의 Ross$^{\circledR}$ 병아리를 5처리 4반복, 반복 당 50수를 임의 배치하여 5주간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 시험사료는 대조구 사료(T1)와 Avilamycin 5ppm(전기사료) & Flavomycin 5ppm(육성기사료) 첨가사료(T2), Avilamycin 5ppm(전기사료) & CRINA$^{\circledR}$ 50ppm(육성기사료) 첨가사료(T3), CRINA$^{\circledR}$ 50ppm(전기사료, 육성기사료) 첨가사료(T4), CRINA$^{\circledR}$ 50ppm + Lactic acid 500ppm (전기사료, 육성기사료) 첨가사료(T5)를 만들어 급여하였다. 증체율은 첨가구들(T2-T5)이 대조구에 비해 유의하게 높았으나 첨가구들 사이에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 육성기(4-5주) 동안 CRINA$^{\circledR}$ 첨가구들(T3, T4, T5)에서 사료요구율(F/G)이 유의하게 개선되었다. 사망률은 처리에 의해 유의한 영향을 받지 않았다. CRINA$^{\circledR}$구(T4)는 항생제구(T2)에 비해 지방, 메치오닌, 메치오닌+시스틴의 이용율이 유의하게 높았다. 장 내용물중의 미생물 균총중 E. coli 수는 항생제 & CRINA$^{\circledR}$ 50ppm구(T3)가 CRINA$^{\circledR}$ 50ppm구(T4)에 비해 유의하게 적었다. Cl. Perfringens의 수는 CRINAⓇ구(T4)에서 가장 적었으나 유의차는 없었다. 혈청 중성지방 수준은 CRINA$^{\circledR}$+lactic acid구(T5)가 항생제구(T2) 보다 유의하게 낮았다. 혈청 콜레스테롤 수준은 항생제구(T2)와 CRINA$^{\circledR}$ + lactic acid구(T5)가 타처리구들 보다 유의하게 높았다. 혈청 HDL 수준은 첨가구들이 대조구(T1)보다 유의하게 높았다. 혈청 IgG 수준은 처리간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 다리 근육지방의 지방산조성은 처리에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었는데 palmitic acid (C$_{16:0}$)와 stearic acid(C$_{18:0}$) 함량은 대조구(T1)가 유의하게 높았다. 반면에 oleic acid(C$_{18:1}$)의 함량은 대조구(T1)가 타처리구에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. Linolenic acid(C$_{18:3}$)의 함량은 CRINA$^{\circledR}$ 50ppm + lactic acid 500ppm구(T5)가 항생제 & CRINA$^{\circledR}$ 50ppm구(T3) 보다 유의하게 높았다. 총 포화지방산의 함량은 대조구(T1)가 유의하게 높은 반면 총불포화지방산의 함량은 대조구(T1)가 유의하게 낮았다. 결론적으로 육계사료에 CRINA$^{\circledR}$를 첨가하면 증체율이나 사료효율을 개선시켰다. 그러나 전기에 항생제를 쓰고 육성기에 CRINA$^{\circledR}$를 쓰거나 CRINA$^{\circledR}$와 젖산을 같이 사용시 추가적 또는 상승효과는 없었다.