Abstract
An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of supplementary Blended essential oil(CRINA$^{\circledR}$) on the performance, nutrient availability, fatty acid composition of leg muscle, small intestinal microflora and blood parameters in broiler chickens. One thousand unsexed day-old broiler chickens were assigned to five treatments : control(T1), 5ppm avilamycin(starter diet) & 5ppm flavomycin(grower diet) T2, 5ppm avilamycin(starter diet) & 50ppm CRINA$^{\circledR}$(grower diet) T3, 50ppm CRINA$^{\circledR}$(starter & grower diet) T4, 50ppm CRINA$^{\circledR}$+ 500ppm lactic acid$^{\circledR}$ (starter & grower diet) T5. Each treatment had four replications of 50 birds each. Growth performance was significantly improved by dietary supplements(T2-T5). There were no significant differences among treatment T2, T3, T4 and T5. Feed intake was not significantly different among treatments. Dietary supplementation of CRINA$^{\circledR}$(T3, T4, T5) resulted in significant(p〈0.05) improvement in feed/gain(F/G) during finishing period (4-5weeks). The birds fed CRINA$^{\circledR}$ supplemented diet(T4) showed significantly(p〈0.05) higher availability of crude fat, methionine and methionine + cystine than those fed antibiotics supplemented diet(T2). Mortality was not significantly affected by treatments. The colony forming unit(CFU) of E.coli in small intestinal content was significantly lower in antibiotics & CRINA$^{\circledR}$(T3) compared to CRINA$^{\circledR}$ treatment(T4)(P〈0.05). CFU of Cl. perfringens was low in CRINA$^{\circledR}$(T4) but not different significantly with other treatments. Serum triglyceride level of birds fed CRINA$^{\circledR}$ + lactic acid diet(T5) was significantly lower(p〈0.05) than those fed antibiotics supplemented diet(T2). Cholesterol level of the birds fed antibiotics(T2) or CRINA$^{\circledR}$ + lactic acid supplemented diet(T5) was significantly higher(p〈0.05) than other treatments. HDL level of birds fed control diet was significantly lower(p〈0.05) than that of others. The levels of serum IgG were not significantly different among treatments. Major fatty acids composition of leg muscle fat was significantly influenced by treatments. Control group showed significantly higher palmitic acid(C$_{16:0}$) and steraric acid(C$_{18:0}$) content than other treatments(p〈0.05). Content of oleic acid(C$_{18:1}$), however, was significantly lower in the control than others treatments. Content of linolenic acid(C$_{18:3}$) was significantly higher in CRINA$^{\circledR}$+ lactic acid(T5) than antibiotics & CRINA$^{\circledR}$(T3) treatments. Total saturated fatty acids content was higher and total unsaturated fatty acids were lower in the leg muscle fat of the control than that of other treatments. It is concluded that CRINA$^{\circledR}$ supplementation improved growth rate and F/G ratio in broilers. The combination of CRINA$^{\circledR}$ with either antibiotics or lactic acid did not show any additive or synergistic effects in broiler chickens .
Blended essential oil(CRINA$^{\circledR}$) 첨가가 육계의 생산성과 영양소 이용률, 계육내 지방산 조성, 소장 내 미생물 균총 및 혈액지질 조성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 갓 부화한 1000수의 Ross$^{\circledR}$ 병아리를 5처리 4반복, 반복 당 50수를 임의 배치하여 5주간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 시험사료는 대조구 사료(T1)와 Avilamycin 5ppm(전기사료) & Flavomycin 5ppm(육성기사료) 첨가사료(T2), Avilamycin 5ppm(전기사료) & CRINA$^{\circledR}$ 50ppm(육성기사료) 첨가사료(T3), CRINA$^{\circledR}$ 50ppm(전기사료, 육성기사료) 첨가사료(T4), CRINA$^{\circledR}$ 50ppm + Lactic acid 500ppm (전기사료, 육성기사료) 첨가사료(T5)를 만들어 급여하였다. 증체율은 첨가구들(T2-T5)이 대조구에 비해 유의하게 높았으나 첨가구들 사이에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 육성기(4-5주) 동안 CRINA$^{\circledR}$ 첨가구들(T3, T4, T5)에서 사료요구율(F/G)이 유의하게 개선되었다. 사망률은 처리에 의해 유의한 영향을 받지 않았다. CRINA$^{\circledR}$구(T4)는 항생제구(T2)에 비해 지방, 메치오닌, 메치오닌+시스틴의 이용율이 유의하게 높았다. 장 내용물중의 미생물 균총중 E. coli 수는 항생제 & CRINA$^{\circledR}$ 50ppm구(T3)가 CRINA$^{\circledR}$ 50ppm구(T4)에 비해 유의하게 적었다. Cl. Perfringens의 수는 CRINAⓇ구(T4)에서 가장 적었으나 유의차는 없었다. 혈청 중성지방 수준은 CRINA$^{\circledR}$+lactic acid구(T5)가 항생제구(T2) 보다 유의하게 낮았다. 혈청 콜레스테롤 수준은 항생제구(T2)와 CRINA$^{\circledR}$ + lactic acid구(T5)가 타처리구들 보다 유의하게 높았다. 혈청 HDL 수준은 첨가구들이 대조구(T1)보다 유의하게 높았다. 혈청 IgG 수준은 처리간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 다리 근육지방의 지방산조성은 처리에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었는데 palmitic acid (C$_{16:0}$)와 stearic acid(C$_{18:0}$) 함량은 대조구(T1)가 유의하게 높았다. 반면에 oleic acid(C$_{18:1}$)의 함량은 대조구(T1)가 타처리구에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. Linolenic acid(C$_{18:3}$)의 함량은 CRINA$^{\circledR}$ 50ppm + lactic acid 500ppm구(T5)가 항생제 & CRINA$^{\circledR}$ 50ppm구(T3) 보다 유의하게 높았다. 총 포화지방산의 함량은 대조구(T1)가 유의하게 높은 반면 총불포화지방산의 함량은 대조구(T1)가 유의하게 낮았다. 결론적으로 육계사료에 CRINA$^{\circledR}$를 첨가하면 증체율이나 사료효율을 개선시켰다. 그러나 전기에 항생제를 쓰고 육성기에 CRINA$^{\circledR}$를 쓰거나 CRINA$^{\circledR}$와 젖산을 같이 사용시 추가적 또는 상승효과는 없었다.