• 제목/요약/키워드: Antibacterial resistance

검색결과 223건 처리시간 0.022초

봉독의 젖소 유방염 유래 그람 양성 및 음성 세균별 항균효과 분석 (Antibacterial effect of bee venom against Gram-positive and negative bacteria isolated from mastitis in dairy cattle)

  • 정숙한;오상익;이한규;정영훈;허태영;한상미;백귀정;조아라
    • 한국동물위생학회지
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    • 제44권3호
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    • pp.169-174
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    • 2021
  • Mastitis is an inflammatory condition of the mammary gland, most often caused by bacterial infections, resulting in significant economic losses to the dairy industry. Antimicrobial resistance has been of great concern because of the extensive clinical use of antibiotics. For this reason, the development of new compounds as an alternative treatment to bovine mastitis is needed. Bee venom has been widely used as an oriental treatment for several inflammatory diseases and bacterial infections. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of bee venom on bacteria isolated from bovine mastitis. A total of 107 isolates from bovine mastitic milk samples collected in 2019 and 2020 in Jeonbuk province. All bacterial isolates were tested for susceptibility to bee venom of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). In order to obtain comprehensive antibacterial activities of the bee venom, we measured the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the bee venom against bacterial strains. Bee venom showed significant inhibition of bacterial growth of Gram-negative bacteria Citrobacter spp., Escherchia coli, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Serratia spp. and Raoultella with MIC values of 96, 81, 72, 230, and 85 ㎍/mL, respectively, and Gram-positive bacterial Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. with MIC values of 29, 21 and 16 ㎍/mL, respectively. The results indicated that the MIC values were different depending on the bacterial strains, and those of Gram-positive bacteria were lower than those of Gram-negative bacteria for bee venom. These findings suggested that bee venom could be an effective antimicrobial treatment for bovine mastitis; however, further research is necessary to evaluate the mechanism underlying the antimicrobial action, its effectiveness/safety in vivo and effective application for therapeutic use.

느릅나무껍질 추출액을 이용한 천연염색의 슈퍼박테리아에 대한 항균성 (Antibiosis against Super Bacteria from Natural Dyeing with Elm Bark Extract)

  • 최나영;박희수
    • 한국의류산업학회지
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    • 제17권5호
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    • pp.838-843
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    • 2015
  • In this study, a cotton knit was dyed with elm bark extract; subsequently, the dyed fabric was measured according to the types of mordants and the preprocessing cationizers used. Additionally, antibiosis against super bacteria was examined. The results follow. First, the color of the dyed cotton knit appeared reddish and yellowish for fabrics treated with non-mordants and mordants. When preprocessing with a cationizer was conducted, the dyeing properties were the best. Second. even when mordants were not used for dyeing, color fastness after washing, sweating, and rubbing was generally good Grade 4 and 5. Color fastness after exposure to sunlight was the best Grade 4 for fabric prepared with ferrous sulfate as the mordant. Third. as for antimicrobial properties, or resistance to super bacteria, the growth of bacteria was suppressed in a meaningful way for fabrics treated with non-mordants and mordants, compared to the control group fabric. The dyeing methods with the most powerful antimicrobial effects were dyeing after preprocessing with a cationizer and preparing fabric with copper sulfate as the mordant. The results stated above show that in case of dyeing with elm bark extract, preprocessing of the cotton knit with a cationizer and dying with copper mordant displayed high levels of antimicrobial properties that were useful for resisting super bacteria. Of these the dyeing properties were the best when preprocessing with a cationizer.

Mining the Proteome of Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum ATCC 25586 for Potential Therapeutics Discovery: An In Silico Approach

  • Habib, Abdul Musaweer;Islam, Md. Saiful;Sohel, Md.;Mazumder, Md. Habibul Hasan;Sikder, Mohd. Omar Faruk;Shahik, Shah Md.
    • Genomics & Informatics
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    • 제14권4호
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    • pp.255-264
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    • 2016
  • The plethora of genome sequence information of bacteria in recent times has ushered in many novel strategies for antibacterial drug discovery and facilitated medical science to take up the challenge of the increasing resistance of pathogenic bacteria to current antibiotics. In this study, we adopted subtractive genomics approach to analyze the whole genome sequence of the Fusobacterium nucleatum, a human oral pathogen having association with colorectal cancer. Our study divulged 1,499 proteins of F. nucleatum, which have no homolog's in human genome. These proteins were subjected to screening further by using the Database of Essential Genes (DEG) that resulted in the identification of 32 vitally important proteins for the bacterium. Subsequent analysis of the identified pivotal proteins, using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Automated Annotation Server (KAAS) resulted in sorting 3 key enzymes of F. nucleatum that may be good candidates as potential drug targets, since they are unique for the bacterium and absent in humans. In addition, we have demonstrated the three dimensional structure of these three proteins. Finally, determination of ligand binding sites of the 2 key proteins as well as screening for functional inhibitors that best fitted with the ligands sites were conducted to discover effective novel therapeutic compounds against F. nucleatum.

김치로부터 분리된 Lactobacillus paraplantarum KNUC25가 만드는 항균 물질의 특성 (Characterization of Antimicrobial Substance Produced by Lactobacillus paraplantarum KNUC25 Isolated from Kimchi)

  • 김마리;이수진;설경조;박유미;김사열
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제37권1호
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    • pp.24-32
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    • 2009
  • 숙성 정도가 오래된 김장 배추 김치에서 분리되어 16S rDNA 염기 서열 분석을 통해 부분 동정된 KNUC25 분리 균주를 단백질 전기 영동 패턴과 생리적 특징 그리고 염기 서열의 유사성을 비교하여 Lactobacillus paraplantarum로 동정하였다. L. paraplantarum KNUC25의 농축 상등액은 그람 양성균과 음성균에 넓은 범위의 항균 활성을 나타냈다. 전자 현미경을 통해 KNUC25가 만들어내는 항균 물질은 세균의 표면에 작용하여 생육을 억제하는 것으로 확인되었다. 항균 활성 물질을 생산하는 최적 온도는 섭씨 30도이고, 높은 온도에서도 항균 활성을 보였으며 단백질 분해 효소에 안정하며 비단백질성 항균 물질일 가능성을 보여주었다.

Isolation of Lactic Acid Bacteria Showing Antioxidative and Probiotic Activities from Kimchi and Infant Feces

  • Ji, Keunho;Jang, Na Young;Kim, Young Tae
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제25권9호
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    • pp.1568-1577
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    • 2015
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate lactic acid bacteria with antioxidative and probiotic activities isolated from Korean healthy infant feces and kimchi. Isolates A1, A2, S1, S2, and S3 were assigned to Lactobacillus sp. and isolates A3, A4, E1, E2, E3, and E4 were assigned to Leuconostoc sp. on the basis of their physiological properties and 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis. Most strains were confirmed as safe bioresources through nonhemolytic activities and non-production of harmful enzymes such as β-glucosidase, β-glucuronidase and tryptophanase. The 11 isolates showed different resistance to acid and bile acids. In addition, they exhibited antibacterial activity against foodborne bacteria, especially Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli. Furthermore, all strains showed significantly high levels of hydrophobicity. The antioxidant effects of culture filtrates of the 11 strains included 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity, 2.2'-azino-bis (2-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical cation scavenging activity, and superoxide dismutase activity. The results revealed that most of the culture filtrates have effective scavenging activity for DPPH and ABTS radicals. All strains appeared to have effective superoxide dismutase activity. In conclusion, the isolated strains A1, A3, S1, and S3 have significant probiotic activities applicable to the development of functional foods and health-related products. These strains might also contribute to preventing and controlling several diseases associated with oxidative stress, when used as probiotics.

Bacteriocinogenic Potential of Newly Isolated Strains of Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis from Dairy Products of Pakistan

  • Javed, Imran;Ahmed, Safia;Ali, Muhammad Ishtiaq;Ahmad, Bashir;Ghumro, Pir Bux;Hameed, Abdul;Chaudry, Ghulam Jilani
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제20권1호
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    • pp.153-160
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    • 2010
  • The present study was carried out for the isolation of bacteriocin-producing enterococci from indigenous sources. Gram-positive enterococci are known for having the ability to produce enterocins with good antimicrobial potential. A total of 34 strains were isolated from processed dairy products of Pakistan and seven out of them were found to be member of genus Enterococcus on selective enumeration. Biochemical and molecular characterization revealed that four of these isolates (IJ-03, IJ-07, IJ-11, and IJ-12) were Enterococcus faecalis and three (IJ-06, IJ-21, and IJ-31) were Enterococcus faecium. Local processed cheese was the source of all enterococcal isolates, except E. faecium IJ-21 and IJ-31, which were isolated from indigenous yoghurt and butter samples, respectively. Bacterial isolates were sensitive to commonly used antibiotics except methicillin and kanamycin. They also lacked critical virulence determinants, mainly cytolysin (cyl), gelatinase (gel), enterococcal surface protein (esp), and vancomycin resistance (vanA and vanB). Polymerase chain reaction amplification identified that enterocin A and P genes were present in the genome of E. faecium IJ-06 and IJ-21, whereas the E. faecium IJ-31 genome showed only enterocin P genes. No amplification was observed for genes that corresponded with the enterocins 31, AS-48, L50A, and L50B, and ent 1071A and 1071B. There were no signals of amplification found for E. faecalis IJ-11, indicating that the antimicrobial activity was because of an enterocin different from those checked by PCR. Hence, the indigenous bacterial isolates have great potential for bacteriocin production and they had antibacterial activity against a variety of closely related species.

돼지 호흡기질병 병인체의 항균제 감수성 조사 (Antimicrobial susceptibility features of porcine respiratory bacterial pathogens by modified broth dilution method)

  • 송동준;서동균;이춘식;배영찬;김원일;김봉환
    • 한국동물위생학회지
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.19-28
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    • 2000
  • There are several main antibacterial susceptibility tests, such as agar dilution method, broth dilution method and disk diffusion technique. Especially, for minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) test, agar dilution method has been widely used. But that method is so complicated and bothering that it's difficult to treat a large amount of strains. On the other hand, modified broth dilution method(add 1% glucose and 0.018% phenol red as a pH indicator to broth) is fast and easy to perform. Most of all, it can visualize the result by color. The MICs of 22 antibiotics Including penicillins, aminoglycosides, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, lincomycin, ceftiofur, vancomycin and quinolones, erythromycin, colistin. sul-fadimethoxine, trimethoprim for arcanobacterium pyogenes 14 strains, actinobacillus pleuropneu-moniae 41 strains and pasteurella multocida 37 strains, which were collected from porcine during 1996 ∼ 1999, were determined by modified broth dilution method. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae was highly susceptible to all kinds of quinolones such as ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin and norfloxacin and to all aminoglycosides, like gentamicin, apramycin, kanamycin and ampicillin, cephalothin and ceftiofur. But It was quite resistant to solfadimethoxin, colistin and vancomycin. Pasteurella multocida was found to have high susceptibility to ampicillin, cephalothin, chlorampenicol and gentamicin but had mid-degree susceptibility to other aminoglycosides. In addition, it was susceptible to norfloxacin and nalidixic acid, but not to newer fluoroquinolone like ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin and it was resistant to colistin and kanamycin. Arcanobacterium pyogenes was highly susceptible to most of quinolones such as cipoofloxacin, enrofloxacin and norfloxacin and gentamicin and penicillin G. But it also obtained high resistance against the early quinolone, nalidixic acid and aminoglycosides such as amikacin, apramycin and kanamycin and erythromycin, chlorampenicol, tetracyclin and vancomycin.

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동애등애유충에서 분리된 펩타이드의 신장에서의 폐렴간균 감염 억제 효능 (Peptide isolated from Hermetia illucens larvae inhibits mice from Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in the kidney)

  • 이동훈;주기백;강해지;이수화;전복실
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
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    • 제58권4호
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    • pp.283-289
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    • 2019
  • 항생제의 오남용은 세균의 항생제 내성을 증가시켜 세균감염에 의한 질병 치료에 어려움을 초래한다. 본 연구에서는 동애등애유충으로부터 분리된 펩타이드의 신장에서의 폐렴간균 감염 억제 효능을 관찰하였다. 마우스는 비강을 통해 폐렴간균을 감염시키고 1일 후 펩타이드를 마우스에 근육 주사로 투여하였다. 10일 후 마우스를 희생하여 신장에서 세균 감염증을 조사하였다. 대조군에 비해 펩티드를 투여한 마우스의 신장에서 세균 감염증상, 몸무게의 감소가 유의하게 억제되었고 생존률이 농도 의존적으로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 동애등애로부터 분리된 펩타이드가 폐렴 간균의 신장에서의 감염증상을 억제할 수 있음을 보여준다. 따라서 동애등애로부터 분리된 펩타이드는 효과적인 항생제 개발에서 가능성 높은 후보물질이 될 수 있을 것이다.

녹차 카테킨 EGCG의 노출에 따른 식중독 세균인 용혈성 Aeromonas sp. MH-8의 특성조사 (Characterization of Hemolytic Aeromonas sp. MH-8 Responding to the Exposure of Green Tea Catechin, EGCG)

  • 김동민;오계헌
    • KSBB Journal
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    • 제31권4호
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    • pp.228-236
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    • 2016
  • The aim of this study was to characterize the hemolytic Aeromonas sp. MH-8 exposed to green tea catechin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). Initially, the hemolytic Aeromonas sp. MH-8 was enriched and isolated from stale fish. Bactericidal effects of MH-8 exposed to EGCG ranging from 1 mg/mL to 4 mg/mL were monitored, and complete bactericidal effects were achieved within 3 h at 3 mg/mL and higher concentrations. SDS-PAGE with silver staining revealed that the amount of lipopolysaccharides increased or decreased in the strain MH-8 treated to different concentrations and exposing periods of EGCG in exponentially growing cultures. The stress shock proteins (70-kDa DnaK and 60-kDa GroEL), which might contribute to enhancing the cellular resistance to the cytotoxic effect of EGCG, were induced at different concentrations of EGCG exposed to cell culture of MH-8. Scanning electron microscopic analysis demonstrated the presence of irregular rod shapes with umbilicated surfaces for cells treated with EGCG. 2-DE of soluble protein fractions from MH-8 cultures showed 18 protein spots changed by EGCG exposure. These proteins involved in chaperons (e.g., DnaK, GroEL and trigger factor), enterotoxins (e.g., aerolysin and phospholipase C precursor), LPS synthesis (e.g., LPS biosynthesis protein and outer membrane protein A precursor), and various biosynthesis and energy metabolism were identified by peptide mass fingerprinting using MALDI-TOF. In consequence, EGCG was found to have substantial antibacterial effects against food-poisoning causing bacterium, hemolytic Aeromonas sp. MH-8. Also the results provide clues for understanding the mechanism of EGCG-induced stress and cytotoxicity on Aeromonas sp. MH-8.

외래 호흡기계 질환에서 항생제 사용에 대한 후향적 평가방안 (Retrospective Drug Utilization Review of Antibiotics for Respiratory Tract Infection(RTI) in Ambulatory Outpatient Care)

  • 김동숙;배그린;김수경;이학선;김윤진;이숙향
    • 한국임상약학회지
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.291-303
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    • 2012
  • As respiratory tract infections (RTI) account for about 60% of all antibiotic prescriptions in outpatient care setting, there are significant concerns about emerging resistance that are largely due to the excessive or inappropriate use of antibacterial agents for viral respiratory infections. This study was aimed to develop retrospective drug utilization review (DUR) program of antibiotics for RTIs using Delphi methods. Retrospective DUR criteria of antibiotics for RTIs were identified based on clinical practice guidelines and opinion of experts. Expert panel members were clinical doctors and pharmacists and Delphi method was applied by survey on 16 members of panels. The claim data from Korean Health Insurance Review & Assessment (HIRA) were used to examine trends in outpatient antibiotic prescription between Janunary to December of 2008. As results, Quality index for RTI was assessed for the claim type, antibiotics use of quantity, duration, number and cost. Antibiotic prescription rate for RTIs, Defined Daily Dose (DDD), and duration of antibiotics use were more recognized as significant quality index by experts' opinion. Use of first line agents suggested by guidelines was low and duration of antibiotics use was shorter compared to the recommendations. Antibiotics were over prescribed for RITs. However, dose and duration of antibiotics were under-used.