• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.701-714
• /
• 2021

In this study, the microbial community succession and the protein hydrolysis of donkey meat during refrigerated (4℃) storage were investigated. 16S rDNA sequencing method was used to analyze the bacteria community structure and succession in the level of genome. Meanwhile, the volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) was measured to evaluate the degradation level of protein. After sorting out the sequencing results, 1,274,604 clean data were obtained, which were clustered into 2,064 into operational taxonomic units (OTUs), annotated to 32 phyla and 527 genus. With the prolonging of storage time, the composition of microorganism changed greatly. At the same time, the diversity and richness of microorganism decreased and then increased. During the whole storage period, Proteobacteria was the dominant phyla, and the Photobacterium, Pseudompnas, and Acinetobacter were the dominant genus. According to correlation analysis, it was found that the abundance of these dominant bacteria was significantly positively correlated with the variation of TVB-N. And Pseudomonas might play an important role in the production of TVB-N during refrigerated storage of donkey meat. The predicted metabolic pathways, based on PICRUSt analysis, indicated that amino metabolism in refrigerated donkey meat was the main metabolic pathways. This study provides insight into the process involved in refrigerated donkey meat spoilage, which provides a foundation for the development of antibacterial preservative for donkey meat.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제41권1호
• /
• pp.50-54
• /
• 2022

BACKGROUND: Phyllospadix japonica Makino is a perennial plant belonging to the family Zosteraceae. This species is native to the eastern coast of the Korean Peninsula, and it is found attached to rocks on the seashore. As with all seagrass species, P. japonica is also known to play a major role in protecting the marine environment, and studies on its physiological activities suggestive of its antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory potentials have been reported. In this study, purification and structural analysis were performed to identify the polyphenol substances derived from P. japonica. METHODS AND RESULTS: An polyphenol substance MP-1 was purified from the 70% aqueous methanol extract of P. japonica using Diaion® HP-20 column chromatography, ODS column chromatography, and medium-pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC). The purified MP-1 was identified as rosmarinic acid having a molecular weight of 360 and a molecular formula of C18H16O8 through electrospray ionization (ESI)-mass and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analysis. CONCLUSION(S): This study highlights the processes used for the identification of the polyphenol substance derived from P. japonica. Rosmarinic acid, the polyphenol derived from P. japonica identified by this study, is a kind of bioactive substance mainly present in plants. These findings provide an important starting point and are valuable for future studies on bioactive substances in seagrass.

• 치위생과학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.296-301
• /
• 2023

Background: Periodontal disease is a major cause of tooth loss in adults and is a representative oral disease commonly suffered by most people around the world. Mainly the proliferation of Gram-negative bacteria and secreted virulence factors cause an inflammatory response and destroy periodontal tissue. Gossypetin, isolated from Hibiscus sabdariffa L, is known to have various pharmacological effects, including antibacterial and anticancer activities. We aimed to confirm the anti-inflammatory effect of gossypetin through interleukin-6 (IL-6) regulation in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major cause of adult periodontitis. Methods: CCK-8 assay was performed to confirm the concentration-dependent cytotoxicity of gossypetin against HGFs. The secretion level and mRNA expression of IL-6, an inflammation-related cytokine, and the effect of gossypetin on these in HGFs stimulated with P. gingivalis LPS were confirmed by ELISA and qRT-PCR analysis, respectively. Results: Up to a concentration of 100 µM gossypetin with or without P. gingivalis LPS, the survival rate for HGFs was maintained at over 95% and showed no toxicity. ELISA and qRT-PCR analysis results showed that P. gingivalis LPS increased IL-6 secretion and mRNA levels in HGFs compared to the control group. However, this increase in IL-6 was significantly down-regulated by gossypetin treatment in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, 80 µM gossypetin inhibited IL-6 production to the level of the control group. Conclusion: These results indicated that gossypetin attenuated IL-6 production in HGFs stimulated by P. gingivalis LPS, which may ultimately suppress the inflammatory response in periodontal tissue. Therefore, gossypetin may have potential as a natural ingredient for the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국자원식물학회 2023년도 임시총회 및 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.61-61
• /
• 2023

Zanthoxylum piperitum has been used as a spice or various folk remedies since ancient times, and studies on antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects have been reported. In this study, a raw material standardization study was conducted for the industrialization of Z. piperitum. First, optimal conditions for drying methods were established for the standardization of raw materials for Z. piperitum, and optimal conditions were established through content analysis using quercitrin, an marker compound, by obtaining samples every month. As for the drying method of Z. piperitum, it was confirmed that cold air drying was the best. It was analyzed that the marker compound content was highest in July. Next, for functional and toxicity evaluation of Z. piperitum, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and immune enhancing efficacy and cytotoxicity were evaluated. Cytotoxicity of Z. piperitum was not observed, and it was confirmed that although it had an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect, it had no immuneenhancing effects. In addition, a study was conducted on the change in the efficacy of Z. piperitum using lava seawater, and as a result of the study, it was confirmed that the efficacy was superior when lava seawater was simultaneously treated. In conclusion, this study suggested the standardization of raw materials through the analysis of the marker compounds and the functional evaluation of Z. piperitum, and it can be used as basic data for future industrialization.

• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 2024

Objectives : Lysimachia mauritiana Lam. is known as a medicinal plant native to Korea that has antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. However, until now, research on the cultivation technology of L. mauritiana is insufficient, and there are no research data on the systematic cultivation method and mass production of L. mauritiana. Therefore, this study aims to establish a cultivation system of L. mauritiana. Methods : The cultivation environment of open land and facilities according to the growth of L. mauritiana was compared and tested. In addition, the equivalence of the origin collection extract and the cultivation extract was evaluated through Ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) patterns analysis according to cultivation and comparison of the effect of inhibiting respiratory inflammation using BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells. Results : The cultivation technology system was established through cultivation research of L. mauritiana raw materials. In addition, as a result of comparing and evaluating the equivalence of cultivated plants and L. mauritiana raw materials for suppressing respiratory inflammation, the same results were confirmed, and the equivalence was confirmed as a result of analyzing the UHPLC pattern with L. mauritiana raw materials. Conclusions : This study suggests that extract from cultivation research of L. mauritiana plants, which are native to Korea, can be used as a health functional food or medicine to improve respiratory health.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.391-396
• /
• 2009

The chemical compositions, and antibacterial and antifungal effects of essential oils extracted from three coniferous species, Pinus densiflora, Cryptomeria japonica, and Chamaecyparis obtusa, were investigated. Gas chromatography mass analysis of the essential oils revealed that the major components and the percentage of each essential oil were 16.66% $\beta$-phellandrene and 14.85% $\alpha$-pinene in P. densiflora; 31.45% kaur-16-ene and 11.06% sabinene in C. japonica; and 18.75% bicyclo [2,2,1] heptan-2-ol and 17.41% 2-carene in Ch. obtusa. The antimicrobial assay by agar disc diffusion method showed that $2.2{\mu}g$ of Ch. obtusa oil inhibited most effectively the growth of Escherichia coli ATCC 33312 and Klebsiella oxytoca ATCC 10031, whereas the C. japonica oil gave weak antimicrobial activity. The minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) values for bacterial strains were in the range of 5.45-21.8 mg/ml depending on essential oils, but most Gram-negative bacteria were resistant even at 21.8 mg oil/ml. P. densiflora oil showed the most effective antifungal activity and the MIC values for Cryptococcus neoformans B42419 and Candida glabrata YFCC 062CCM 11658 were as low as 0.545 and 2.18 mg/ml, respectively. Cryp. neoformans B42419 was the most sensitive to all essential oils in the range of 0.545-2.18 mg/ml. Our data clearly showed that the essential oils from the three conifers had effective antimicrobial activity, especially against fungi.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제43권2호
• /
• pp.195-202
• /
• 2003

Chitosan is known to have antibacterial, antitumorogenic, hypolipidemic and immunopotentiating activities, hence finding diverse uses as a component in varying functional foodstuffs. However, some investigators reported it caused mineral absoiption inhibition and excess coagulation. From the chemical viewpoint, conventional chitosans are high-molecule polymers lacking water solubility, which could be related with their possible toxicity. A newly developed low- molecule water soluble chitosan is thought to have low toxicity compared to conventional chitosans. But no investigation was carried out to evaluate its toxicity. In this study, a 28-day subacute oral toxicity study of the water-soluble chitosan was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes. Each 36 male and female rats were orally administered with 500, 1,000 and 2,000 mg/kg/day for 28 consecutive days, respectively. Clinical parameters (growth rate, feed and water consumption, daily inspection, urine analysis) during the 28 days indicated the water-soluble chitosan did not induce any abnonnal changes. There were no abnormal findings due to the administration of the test substance in gross and microscopic findings. We had not found alteration in absolute and relative organ weight between the control and treated groups, with only exception in the liver but lacking dose-dependency. The results of hematology and serum biochemistry examination revealed that no treatment related changes were between control and all dose groups. In conclusion, it was suggested that subacute toxicity of the water-soluble chitosan was low and the no-observed adverse effect level was considered to be over 2,000 mg/kg in rats.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.107-114
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 생리활성이 우수한 천년초의 활용도를 높이기 위해 L. plantarum를 이용한 발효과정을 통해 얻은 추출물을 천년초의 열수추출물과 비교하여 특성을 확인하였다. 점성분석, 총폴리페놀, 아미노산 분석을 수행하였으며, 항박테리아 활성 및 사이토카인 분석, zymography 등을 통해 발효추출물의 특성을 연구하였다. 천년초 이용도를 절감시키는 점성도가 거의 절반 감소되고, 비타민 C의 양은 약간 감소하였으나 발효과정 동안 거의 유지되는 것으로 보이며, 총폴리페놀, 아미노산 총량 및 생리활성 주요 무기질 성분은 발효를 통해 증가함을 확인하였다. 또한 세포독성이 없음을 확인하고, 염증관련 사이토카인류와 MMP-9 활성도를 확인한 결과 천년초의 열수추출물에 비해 L. plantarum-발효 천년초에서 염증 억제 및 조직 파괴 억제 효과가 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과들은 유산균을 이용한 발효 천년초를 기능성을 부가한 소재로 활용하는데 있어 기초가 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제43권3호
• /
• pp.187-194
• /
• 2015

인간의 위장관은 매우 복잡한 장내균총으로 이루어져 있으며, 장내균총은 인간의 생리 기능에 있어 매우 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있다. 특히 유아기의 장내균총의 불균형은 면역연관 질병을 일으키는 요인이며 치료 목적으로 probiotics가 유용하게 활용되고 있다. Probiotics의 대표 균종은 L. plantarum으로서 영유아기에 병원균보다 가장 먼저 정착해야 면역 질환을 예방할 수 있다. 그러나 아직 Lactobacillus가 장의 우점종으로 정착하기 위한 환경적 요인과 항생물질분비 조절에 대한 이해는 부족한 실정이다.

• Genomics & Informatics
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.255-264
• /
• 2016

The plethora of genome sequence information of bacteria in recent times has ushered in many novel strategies for antibacterial drug discovery and facilitated medical science to take up the challenge of the increasing resistance of pathogenic bacteria to current antibiotics. In this study, we adopted subtractive genomics approach to analyze the whole genome sequence of the Fusobacterium nucleatum, a human oral pathogen having association with colorectal cancer. Our study divulged 1,499 proteins of F. nucleatum, which have no homolog's in human genome. These proteins were subjected to screening further by using the Database of Essential Genes (DEG) that resulted in the identification of 32 vitally important proteins for the bacterium. Subsequent analysis of the identified pivotal proteins, using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Automated Annotation Server (KAAS) resulted in sorting 3 key enzymes of F. nucleatum that may be good candidates as potential drug targets, since they are unique for the bacterium and absent in humans. In addition, we have demonstrated the three dimensional structure of these three proteins. Finally, determination of ligand binding sites of the 2 key proteins as well as screening for functional inhibitors that best fitted with the ligands sites were conducted to discover effective novel therapeutic compounds against F. nucleatum.