• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.183-187
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• 2022

The current Covid-19 pandemic has changed the entire world and bought so many unprecedented challenges to the scientific community. More than 5 million people died due to the SARS-COV-2 outbreak. For many thousands of years, ginseng, the traditional herb has been used for various infectious diseases by traditional healers. Ginseng showed promising antiviral effects by modulating both natural and acquired immunity. Ginseng might be used as a potential therapeutic agent to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection along with the vaccine. In this current review, we offer an alternative approach for SARS-COV-2 prevention during this unprecedented pandemic.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2006

Objectives : For the purpose of developing new anti-HIV agents from natural sources, the extracts of Actinidia arguta were tested for their inhibitory effects on essential enzymes as the reverse transcriptase (RT), protease and ${\alpha}-\;glucosidase$. And we predicted inhibition activity of major compounds of Actinidia arguta using Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSAR). Methods : In this assay the activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase is measured as the formation of a strand of copy-DNA (cDNA) using RNA as a template. The activity of HIV-1 protease is measured as the cleavage of an oligopeptide by HIV-1 protease. Results : In the anti-HIV-1 RT using Enzyme Linked Oligonucleotide Sorbent Assay (ELOSA) method, water extracts (100ug/ml) of stem and leaf showed strong activity of 93.9% and 91.9%, respectively. In the HIV-1 protease inhibition assay, aqueous stem extract inhibited the activity of the enzyme to cleave an oligopeptide, resembling one of the cleavage sites in the viral polyprotein which can only be processed by HIV-1 protease with 56.8%. In the ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibition assay, aqueous stem extract showed activity of 73.1%. Conclusion : We found out this result, for these samples it is possible that the inhibition of the viral replication in vitro is due to the inhibition at least one of RT and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$. It would be of great interest to identify the compounds which are responsible for this inhibition, since all therapeutically useful agent up to date are RT, PR and ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ inhibitors.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권12호
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• pp.781-788
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• 2010

An often overlooked issue in the field of adenovirus (Ad)-mediated cancer gene therapy is its limited capacity for effective systemic delivery. Although primary tumors can be treated effectively with intralesional injection of conventional Ad vectors, systemic metastasis is difficult to cure. Systemic administration of conventional naked Ads leads to acute accumulation of Ad particles in the liver, induction of neutralizing antibody, short blood circulation half-life, non-specific biodistribution in undesired organs, and low selective accumulation in the target disease site. Versatile strategies involving the modification of viral surfaces with polymers and nanomaterials have been designed for the purpose of maximizing Ad anti-tumor activity and specificity by systemic administration. Integration of viral and non-viral nanomaterials will substantially advance both fields, creating new concepts in gene therapeutics. This review focuses on current advances in the development of smart Ad hybrid nanocomplexes based on various design-based strategies for optimal Ad systemic administration.

• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.23-40
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• 2021

세계적인 코로나19 대유행의 시대에, 현재 치료제·백신이 개발, 시판 중인 단계에서 병원내 교차감염의 위험성이 있는 상황이므로, 개인적으로는 후천적인 면역력을 제고하고 사회환경적으로 구리이온의 성능에 의한 생활방역체제를 일반화해야 한다. 감염확산방지를 위해 동서고금의 연구개발사례를 근거로 항균동 필름의 필요성 및 항바이러스 성능실험을 통해 효능성을 분석했다. 한국건설생활환경시험연구원(KCL)에서 항균성능인증 및 "국가승인 성능인증기관"에서 항바이러스 시험성적 인증을 받게 되었다. 당시 질병관리본부의 허가를 받은 실험재료인 NCCP 43326 Human corona virus(BetaCoV/Korea/KCDC03/2020)을 분양받아 생물안전기준에 맞게 생체외 실험실에서 In Vitro시험 결과, 항바이러스 성능시험에서 감염된 세포의 활성제거율이 만족할만한 결과를 도출하고 성능을 인증받게 되었다. 항후 코로나19 바이러스 확산방지대책으로 항바이러스 동필름이 시공된 유리창 공간내에서의 실험군과 항균동필름이 없는 동일조건의 대조군을 비교하는 질(質)적인 임상실험연구가 추가 필요하다.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.262.1-262.1
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• 2003

Anti-tumor, anti-viral and anti-leukemic activity of cordycepin are well known. Adenosine was reported to induce an apoptosis in human leukemia cells. CM has been widely used as traditional medicinal herbs in China. Previously, we reported the results relating the isolation and characterization of cordycepin and adenosine from the cultured fruiting bodies of CM. We further studied the manufacturing process of CCCA for the prupose of developing anti-leukemic agents. (omitted)

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2005년도 생물공학의 동향(XVI)
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• pp.35-35
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• 2005

Recombinant human $interferon-{\beta}-1a(rIFN-{\beta})$ is a single glycosylated protein (at N80, 1N) with anti-viral activity. However, present drugs have a relatively short serum half-life of $rIFN-{\beta}$, thus patients suffer from frequent $infections.^{1)}$ To improve its half-life, eight glycosylation analogs were prepared, which have additional N-linked glycosylation consensus sequences (N-X-T/S) within the $IFN-{\beta}$ molecule and/or at C-terminal. Each $rIFN-{\beta}$ analog was examined for the presence of additional N-linked glycosylation and the maintenance of anti-viral activity in CHO cells. The molecular weights of five analogs were not changed. However, two analogs, R27T within $rIFN-{\beta}$ (27 kDa, 2N) and GNITVNITV at C-terminal (29kDa, 2N), showed a clear increase in molecular weights, compared to native $rIFN-{\beta}$ (23 kDa, 1N). And another combined analog of R27T+GNITVNITV showed increased molecular weight (33 kDa, 3N). It was confimed that the molecular weight increment of analogs was caued by the N-linked glycosylation with the treatment of N-glycansae. In the case of anti-viral activity, the analog GNITVNITV showed a reduction in activity compared to native $IFN-{\beta}$, whereas the analogs R27T and R27T+GNITVNITV were found to have distinctly increased activities. Pharmacokinetic study in rats also disclosed that the analogs R27T and R27T+GNITVNITV had 2 3 fold increased serum half-life, respectively. In conclusion, the addition of N-linked glycosylation in $rIFN-{\beta}$ increased serum half-life, thereby its less frequent administration will be expected.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.761-767
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• 2018

Degenerative diseases are commonly associated with excess free radicals. Acer okamotoanum, a plant endemic to Korea, is reported to have anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-viral activities. We previously isolated flavonoids from the ethyl acetate fraction of A. okamotoanum such as quercitrin (QU), isoquercitrin (IQ), and afzelin (AF). In the present study, the in vitro antioxidant activity of flavonoids such as QU, IQ, and AF isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of A. okamotoanum were investigated by measuring the free radical scavenging activity including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical ($^{\cdot}OH$), and superoxide anion ($O_2{^-}$). The flavonoids (QU, IQ, and AF) concentration-dependently showed a DPPH radical scavenging activity. In particular, QU and IQ showed a higher DPPH radical scavenging activity than that of AF. In addition, the flavonoids (QU, IQ, and AF) at $10{\mu}g/mL$ showed over an 80% scavenging effect against $^{\cdot}OH$ radical production. Furthermore, the $O_2{^-}$ radical scavenging activity of the flavonoids, QU, IQ, and AF increased in a dose-dependent manner. Particularly, IQ exerted the strongest scavenging activities against $^{\cdot}OH$ and $O_2{^-}$ radicals among the other flavonoids. These results indicate that the flavonoids from A. okamotoanum, in particular IQ, would have a protective activity against oxidative stress induced by free radicals, and potentially be considered as a natural antioxidant agent.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1129-1133
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• 2004

For the purpose of developing new anti-HIV agents from natural sources, the extracts of Kalopanax pictus were tested for their inhibitory effects on HIV-1 replication and its essential enzymes as the reverse transcriptase (RT). protease and α-glucosidase. In the assay of HIV-1-infected human T-cell line, water extracts of stem and leafstalk inhibited the HIV-1-induced cytopathic effects with Ie (inhibitory concentration) of 25 and 50㎍/㎖, respectively. Moreover water extracts (100㎍/㎖) of stem and leafstalk showed strong activity of 80% and 90% on anti-HIV-1 RT using Enzyme Linked Oligonucleotide Sorbent Assay (ELOSA) method. In the HIV-1 protease inhibition assay, aqueous stem extract inhibited the activity of the enzyme to cleave an oligopeptide, resembling one of the cleavage sites in the viral polyprotein which can only be processed by HIV-1 protease with 58%, but no glucosidase inhibitory activities. We found out this result, for these samples it is possible that the inhibition of the viral replication in vitro is due to the inhibition at least one of RT and protease. It would be of great interest to identify the compounds which are responsible for this inhibition, since all therapeutically useful agent up to date are RT, PR and α-glucosidase inhibitors.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.169-175
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• 2012

능소화 추출물의 HIV-1에 대한 항바이러스 효과를 복제 관련 효소에 대한 억제실험과 바이러스 복제억제 실험을 통하여 살펴보았다. 역전사효소 억제활성을 ELOSA 방법으로 실험한 결과 능소화 줄기의 물 추출물이 100 ${\mu}g$/ml 농도에서 각각 37.9%의 활성을 나타내었고, 능소화 잎과 줄기의 메탄올 추출물에서 33.6% 및 31.5%의 HIV-1 protease 억제활성 나타 내었다. 그리고 HIV-1 복제 억제활성은 MT-4 세포에 대한 HIV-1 유도 세포변성억제를 광학현미경으로 관찰하여 살펴본 결과 줄기의 물 추출물이 100 ${\mu}g$/ml 농도에서 HIV-1 바이러스 증식을 완전히 억제하였다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.106-110
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• 2003

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has long been considered an important cause of severe lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children throughout the world. Unfortunately, no effective treatment of RSV exists. Therefore, New agents are needed to reduce the impact of RSV. We have studied the anti-viral effect of traditional Chinese midicinal herbs for over ten years and find Herba Patrinea (a Chinese medicinal herb) has the anti-RSV effect in vitro. In this study, the Herba Patrinea was extracted with hot water, condensed and sterilized. The cytotoxicity of the aqueous extract was tested by adding the diluted extract directly to HeLa cells and its effect on anti-RSV was estimated by the CPEI assay. As a result, the median cytotoxic concentration $(CC_{50})$ of Herba Patrinea was 32 mg/ ml by morphological observation, the median effective concentration (50% effective concentration, $EC_{50}$) of the Herba Patrinea against replication of the Long strain of RSV in HeLa cells were 1.25 mg/ml. The selectivity index $(SI=CC_{50}/EC{50})$ is 25.6. Moreover, Herba Patrinea gave a dose-dependent response in inhibiting RSV. In time of addition experiment, Herba Patrinea inhibited replication of RSV in HeLa cells when it was added at 0h, 2h, and 4h after virus infection. In summary, the results of this study suggest Herba Patrinea may be a novel anti-RSV drug and it is worthy of further studying.