• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.301-305
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• 2014

The aim of our study is to investigate the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties of an ethanol extract of the leaf and stem of Aralia cordata. Writhing responses induced by acetic acid, tail immersion test, and formalin-induced paw pain response for nociception and formalin-induced paw edema for inflammation were evaluated in mice. A. cordata (50 - 200 mg/kg, p.o.) and ibuprofen (100 mg/kg, p.o.), a positive non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), inhibited the acetic acid-induced writhing response, but they did not protect the thermal nociception in tail immersion test. However, morphine (5 mg/kg, s.c.) used as positive opioid control alleviated both the acetic acid-induced writhing response and thermal nociception in tail immersion test. In the formalin test, A. cordata (50 - 200mg/kg) and ibuprofen (200mg/kg) inhibited the second phase response (peripheral inflammatory response), but not the first phase response (central response), whereas morphine inhibited both phase pain responses. Both A. cordata (100 mg/kg) and ibuprofen (200 mg/kg) significantly alleviated the formalin-induced increase of paw thickness, the index of inflammation. These results show for the first time that the leaf and stem of A. cordata has a significant anti-nociceptive effect that seems to be peripheral, but not central. A. cordata also displays an anti-inflammatory activity in an acute inflammation model. The present study supports a possible use of the leaf and stem of A. cordata to treat pain and inflammation.

• 약학회지
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.240-247
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• 2012

Sabaek-san has been used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases derived from the cold with high fever, cough, and lung dysfunction in Korea and China. There is no study for the comparison between different solvent extracts of Sabaek-san. We made two samples, one is Sabaek-san water extract (SBSW) and the other is Sabaek-san 30% EtOH extract (SBSE). Both extracts inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) protein, reduced iNOS-derived nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Also, they reduced tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) and interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$) production. These anti-inflammatory effects caused by induction of heme oxygenase (HO)-1. HO-1 enzyme plays an important role of cellular anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory systems. The induction of HO-1 is primarily regulated at the transcriptional level, and its induction by various inducers is related to the nuclear transcription factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). However, it is worth taking note that SBSE has more powerful anti-inflammatory effects than SBSW. In this study we suggest that different solvent extraction makes different therapeutic actions.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.698-704
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• 2019

Quercus mongolica (QM), which belongs to fagaceae, is one of the oak native to Korea. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of branches extracted with 70% ethanol of QM (QM-B) and elucidated the potential signaling pathway in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. The QM-B showed anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of NO production. The QM-B dose-dependently suppressed NO production by inhibiting iNOS, COX-2 and IL-6 expression in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. The QM-B inhibited the degradation and phosphorylation of IκB-α and NF-κB activation. The QM-B suppressed the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2. Also, the QM-B increased HO-1 expression. These results suggested that QM-B may utilize anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathway and inducing HO-1 expression indicated that the QM-B can be used as a natural anti-inflammatory drugs.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.372-374
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• 1997

In order to develop new anti-inflammatory agents having different action mechanisms compared with nonsteroidal and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the culture broths of various actinomycetes isolated from soil were screened using an in vivo mouse ear edma assay and one strain (Streptomyces sp. MT 2705-4: KCTC 8651 P) was selected. Activity-guided purification led to the isolation of a polyether compound, dianemycin. Topically, dianemycin showed a potent anti-inflammatory activity in mouse ear edema induced by croton-oil or arachidonic acid.$ED_{50}$value of dianemycin was found to be 0.8 mg,/ear compared to 0.4 mg/ear of prednisolone in croton-oil ear edema. However, dianemycin did not show the inhibitory activity in UV-erythema and delayed hypersensitivity reaction. These results indicate that dianemycin is a potential topical anti-inflammatory agent.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.93-93
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• 2001

Loxoprofen sodium is an orally used anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic agent. For alleviation or inhibition of the pain symptoms regardless of referred or superficial pain, the prompt absorption of a drug and its immediate bioavailability might be generally required for a formulation or development of a new drug. Therefore, in intramuscular administration, its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects were evaluated compared with an oral administration in animals. The occurrence of gastric damages which is common in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was also observed.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1994년도 춘계학술대회 and 제3회 신약개발 연구발표회
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• pp.113-125
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• 1994

Many types of drugs affect functions of tile gastrointestinal tract. Investigators may be interested in discovery or pharmacological characterization of drugs as therapeutic agents intended for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders or in identification of gastrointestinal side effects of drugs intended for non-gastrointestinal indications. Examples of drug categories often associated with significant gastrointestinal side effects include cardiovascular drugs, antibiotics (erythromycin in particular), anti-inflammatory drugs, antiemetics, analgesics (especially opiates), antihistamines, antidepressants, and antipsychotics. Whether tile objective is development of gastrointestinal therapeutic agents or evaluation of gastrointestinal side effects, appropriate laboratory models for experimentation are essential.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.121-132
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• 2010

Inflammatory reaction is characterized by over-production of inflammatory mediators due to an up-regulation of inflammatory pathways, which produce pro-inflammatory mediators, such as interleukin-1beta (IL-$1{\beta}$), IL-6, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-$\alpha$), prostaglantin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$), and nitric oxide (NO) in U937 cells. We investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of water extracts from Lonicerae Flos and Scutellariae Radix in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated U937 cells. Each extract suppressed the production of inflammatory mediators (NO, IL-$1{\beta}$, TNF-$\alpha$, and $PGE_2$) and the expression of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in LPS- stimulated U937 cells in a dose-dependent manner. These suppressive effects were synergistically increased by their combination. Their combination extract also inhibited NF-${\kappa}B$-DNA complex of NF-${\kappa}B$ binding activity and translocation of NF-${\kappa}B$ from cytosol to nucleus. These results suggest that the combination of water-extractable components of Lonicerae Flos and Scutellariae Radix may be useful for therapeutic drugs against inflammatory immune diseases, probably by suppressing the production of inflammatory mediators.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.342-347
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• 2007

본 연구의 목적은 수세기에 걸쳐 발기부전(impotence), 정액루(spermatorrhea), 유뇨증(enuresis), 천식(asthma) 및 알레르기 관련 질병의 치료제로 사용되고 있는 토종 복분자 (R. coreanus)와 외래종 복분자(R. occidentalis)의 항염증활성을 비교, 분석해 보고자 했다. 그 결과 토종 복분자의 에탄올 추출물이 외래종 복분자의 에탄올 추출물에 비교해 LPS 처리에 의한 NO의 생성을 현저히 억제시키는 것을 관찰 할 수 있었으며, NO와 $PGE_{2}$ 생합성효소인 iNOS와 COX-2 단백질의 발현 또한 억제시킴을 확인할 수 있었다. LPS 유도에 의한 $TNF-{\alpha}$와 IL-6의 생성억제 효과도 토종 복분자 에탄올 추출물이 외래종 복분자 추출물에 비해 탁월함이 관찰 되었다. 이러한 연구결과로 볼 때 토종 복분자 에탄올 추출물이 macrophage에 의해 생성되는 염증반응의 매개물질인 NO, $PGE_2$, 염증성 cytokine 등의 생성을 억제함으로 염증반응을 완화시켜 줄 것으로 판단된다. 차후 항염증활성을 갖는 복분자 추출물의 성분을 동정하는 연구가 더욱더 필요할 것으로 사료되며, 토종 복분자가 천연 항염증활성을 갖는 제품 개발에 있어 유용한 식물자원 원료로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.345-354
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• 2012

Angelica keiskei has exhibited numerous pharmacological effects including antitumor, antimetastatic, and antidiabetic effects. However, the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms employed by xanthoangelol E isolated from Angelica keiskei are incompletely understood. In this study, we attempted to determine the effects of Xanthoangelol E on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophage. The findings of this study demonstrated that xanthoangelol E inhibited the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-6, and prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$). Xanthoangelol E inhibited the enhanced levels of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) caused by LPS. Additionally, we showed that the anti-inflammatory effect of xanthoangelol E is through the regulation of the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-${\kappa}B$ and caspase-1. These results provide novel insights into the pharmacological actions of xanthoangelol E as a potential candidate for the development of new drugs to treat inflammatory diseases.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.965-970
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• 2010

An efficient and practical preparation of 2-arylbenzo[b]furan molecules including natural egonol, XH-14, ailanthoidol, and unnatural derivatives is demonstrated using Sonogashira coupling, iodine induced cyclization and Wittig reaction. Anti-inflammatory effects of the prepared benzo[b]furans were examined in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264-7 macrophages. The results showed that ailanthoidol, XH-14 and three other unnatural derivatives (9-10, 13) inhibited significantly the production of inflammatory mediator nitric oxide without showing cytotoxicity.